MAMMALIA. 



Drawing of horns of tame. Hodgson, Icon. ined. B. M.t. 145. 

 3. Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq. 



Drawing of two horns of Indian Buffalo sent to Zool. Soc. 

 Hardwicke, Icon. ined. B. M. 10,975. t. 173, 174. 



Drawing of horns of Indian Buffalo. Hardw. Icon. ined. B. M. 

 10,975. t. 175, 177- 



Drawing of horns of domesticated Buffalo of Prince of Wales' 

 Island. Hardw. Icon. ined. B. M. 10,975. t. 1?6. 



Domestic Buffalo of Polu Penang. Hardw. Icon. ined. B. M. 

 10,974. t. 108. 



j, Common domesticated Buffalo of Bengal. Hardw. Icon. ined. 

 B. M. 10,974. t. 105. 



Drawing of Indian Buffalo. Hardw. Icon. ined. B. M. 10,975. 

 t. 172, 178. 



" The Bhainsa or Tame Buffalo are universal in India. The 

 Arna or Wild Buffalo inhabits the margins rather than the inte- 

 rior of primaeval forests. They never ascend the mountains, and 

 adhere, like the Rhinoceros, to the most swampy sites of the district 

 they inhabit. There is no animal upon which ages of domesticity 

 have made so small an impression as upon the Buffalo, the tame 

 being still most clearly referable to the wild ones at present fre- 

 quenting all the great sw r ampy jungles of India." Hodgson. 



" In the wilderness, as in the cow-house, there is a marked 

 distinction between the long- (Macrocerus) and curved-horned 

 (Spirocerus) Buffaloes. 



" The Arna ruts in autumn, gestating ten months, and pro- 

 duces one or two young in summer. It lives in large herds, 

 but in the season of love the most lusty males lead off and ap- 

 propriate several females, with which they form small herds for 

 the time. The wild Buffalo is fully one-third larger than the 

 largest tame breeds, measuring 10^ feet from snout to vent, and 

 6 or 6 feet high at the shoulders, and is of such power and 

 vigour, as by his charge frequently to prostrate a well-sized ele- 

 phant. It is remarkable for the uniform shortness of the tail, 

 which does not extend lower than the hock, for the tufts which 

 cover the forehead and knees, and lastly, for the great size of its 

 horns ; they are uniformly in high condition, so unlike the lean- 

 ness and angularity of the domestic Buffalo even at its best." 

 Hodgson. 



** Horns much enlarged and close together at the base, spreading 

 out on the side of the head and recurved at the tip ; ribs very 

 wide, t. 2. 



Syncerus (Gaffer), Hodgson, Various gen. Ruminants,lS47,25,note. 

 Bubalus, sp., Ham. Smith in Griffith A. K. 



B2 



