192 MAMMALIA. 



i. Horn, middle-sized (Cuv. Oss. Foss. t. 4. f. 8) ; lower branch 

 of left horn simple ; of right broad, palmated. North America. 

 Presented by Captain Sir John Franklin, R.N. 



j. Horns, large, long, slender, upper back branches recurved. 

 North America. Presented by Captain Sir John Franklin, R.N. 



k. Horns, large, long, slender (Cuv. Oss. Foss. t. 4. f. 13). 

 Presented by Captain Sir John Franklin, R.N. 



/. Horns, very small, basal branch subulate, upper and medial 

 branch bifid. 



m. Horns, large, with the basal branch of each horn dilated, 

 palmated (Cuv. Oss. Foss. t. 4. f. 17). From Mr. Brookes's Mu- 

 seum. 



n. Horns of the year (Cuv. Oss. Foss. t. 4. f. 1). Knowsley. 

 Presented by the Earl of Derby. 



Horns of the year. 



Horns, very large, with the head stuffed. Newfoundland. 



Five pairs of horns. N.W. Coast of America. Presented by 

 Lieut. Wood and Capt. Kellett, R.N. 



Varies exceedingly in size. In the British Museum there are 

 specimens varying from 41 to 50 inches high at the withers. 



Dr. Richardson observes, " There are two well-marked and 

 permanent varieties of Caribou that inhabit the fur countries : 

 one of them (Woodland Caribou) confined to the woody and 

 more southern district ; and the other (Barren Ground Caribou) 

 retiring to the woods only in the winter, but passing the summer 

 on the coast of the Arctic Seas, or on the Barren Grounds so often 

 mentioned in this work." Faun. Bor. Amer. 299. 



The large Siberian variety is ridden on by the Tungusians; 

 they also use them for draught, as the Laplanders do the smaller 

 variety. 



They have a large variety in Newfoundland nearly as large as 

 an heifer. They have very large and heavy horns. There are 

 some horns of this variety in the British Museum. Dr. Midden- 

 dorf informed me that the horns of the large Siberian variety 

 were as large and greatly resembled the horns from Newfound- 

 land (Nova Scotia) in the Museum Collection. 



Pallas observes, " Americae forte continua, gregatim verno tern- 

 pore per glacies admigrant, paulo diversi a Siberise inquilinis et 

 verosimillime Americani." Zool. Ross. Asiat. i. 208. 



In winter the hair of the Rein Deer is long, thick, grey-brown ; 

 neck, rump, belly, ring round the hoof, and end of nose, white. In 

 summer the same animal has short, dark sooty-brown hair, with 

 the parts which are white in winter being rather paler grey- 

 brown. 



