MAMMALIA. 195 



Horns, long, two lower branches near together. North Ame- 

 rica. 



Horns, small, two lower branches rather near. North America. 



Horns, large, beams without the upper frontal branches, the 

 tip of right horn subpalmate (perhaps a different species). 



The American Elk still exists on the upper branches of the 

 Susquehanna River, and thence westward may occasionally be 

 found in all favourable situations to the Pacific Ocean. Those 

 observed on the mountains south of the Columbia River were of 

 unusual size. Peale. 



Var. Smaller. 



Hab. Plains of California and the upper parts of the Missouri 

 River, in large herd* 



The Elks in California are very abundant ; they are not gene- 

 rally so large as those inhabiting the mountain districts, but we 

 can find no specific character to separate one from the other. 

 Peale. 



b. Hoofs narrow, triangular. Tail moderate. Covered with harsh 

 hair. Western World. CERVUS. 



2. CERVUS ELAPHUS. The STAG. 



Brown. Rump with a pale spot extending rather above the 

 upper surface of the base of the tail. 



Cervus Elaphus, Linn. S. N. i. 93; Gmelin, S. N. i. 176; Erxl. 



Syst. 301 ; Schreb. Saugth. 996. t. 247 A, B, c, D, E ; Desm. 



Mam. 434 ; Ency. Meth. t. 57. f. 3, 4 ; F. Cuvier, Mam. Li- 



thog. t. ; Blyth, J. Asiat. Soc. Beng. x. 750. t. . f. 10, 1 1 (12?); 



Sundevall, Pecora, 55; Gray, List Mamm. B. M. 177; Cat. 



Osteol. B. M. 65; Knowsley Menag.; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850. 

 Cervus vulgaris, Linn. Mus. Ad. Frid. i. 11. 

 Elaphus communis, J. Brookes, Cat. Mus. 61, 1828. 

 Cervus nobilis, Klein, Quad. 23. 

 Cervus, Plinii Hist. Nat. viii. c. 32; Gesner, Quad. 354. fig.; 



Agricola, des Hirchen, fyc. 1603; Aldrov. Bisulc. 769. fig. 774 ; 



GrabcR ElaphographicB, 1667; Hill, Animal. 577- t. 28; Bris- 



son, JR. A. 86. 

 *E\a(f)os, Aristot. Hist. Anim. ii. c. 7. n. 37 ; ^Elian, Anim. vi. 



c. 11, 15; Oppian, Cyneg. ii. 176. 

 Stag or Red Deer, Penn. Brit. Zool. i, 34 ; Syn. 49 ; Quad. i. 



114; Shaw, Zool. ii. 276. t. 117. 

 Biche, Buffon, H. N. vi. t. 10. 

 Faon du Cerf, Buffon, H. N. vi. t. 12. 

 Cerf, Buffon, H. N. vi. 65. t. 9. 



i2 



