MAMMALIA. 271 



of the back, the front of the haunches and thigh and the under 

 part of the body are paler. The figure represents but a very in- 

 distinct cross band on the shoulder. 



On this Pallas observes, " L'etalon differait encore de la fe - 

 melle en ce qu'il avait tout le corps plus robuste, 1'encolure plus 

 grosse, la poitrail et la croupe plus large, et surtout par un barre 

 ou raye transversale (tab. xi.), qui croisait sur les epaules avec 

 celle qui s'etend de long de 1'epine dans 1'un et Pautre sexe. 

 C'est cette croix que la plupart des anes domestiques males ont 

 conserves, et qui embellit surtout ceux qui ont la couleur du 

 poil claire. Cette barre transversale bien plus etroite que 1'autre 

 manque entierement aux Onagres femelles : quelques Tartares 

 m'ont au contraire assurees qu'elle se voyait assez souvent double 

 dans les males/' (I. c. 269.) 



This paper is translated into German, and a copy of the plates 

 with a second figure of the back of the animal is given in Pallas, 

 N. Nord. Eeytr. ii. 22, t. 2 ; but in this figure the cross band 

 on the shoulders is not marked. From this description it 

 would appear that the animal which is called the Wild Ass is not 

 always marked with the cross band on the shoulder which is so 

 permanent in the domestic kind, and has hitherto been consi- 

 dered as its specific character. 



The chief difference between Pallas's figure of the Wild Ass 

 and the Hemione is the greater length and more acute form of 

 the ears ; of the latter the mule varies in this character. 



" No attempt has been made to break the Wild Ass (of Rajpoot- 

 ana) in for riding, nor did it appear that the natives ever thought 

 of such." Bishop Heber.H. Smith, Equidce, 311. 



" The Wild Ass of Cutch has the cross stripe on the shoulder, 

 and differs in colours and heavier proportion from the Wild Ass 

 of Kerr Porter." Bishop Heber.H. Smith, Equidce, 311. 



Col. Ham. Smith confounds the domesticated Crudha with the 

 Wild Ass of the Deccan described by Colonel Sykes, and states 

 on the Colonel's authority that " it is not larger than a mastiff." 

 Equidce , 307 . 



Eversmann states that many specimens of the Kulan or Equus 

 Onager, Pallas, have been brought to Orenburg from the high 

 steppes between the Caspian and the Aral seas. A good speci- 

 men and a skull are in the Museum of the University of Kassan. 



All these specimens are without the cross band, and have only 

 the longitudinal dorsal streak. Eversmann considers that the 

 cross band is either not the character of the species, or perhaps 

 a sexual mark, as he observes that he is not able to discover the 

 specific character which separates the E. Hemionus from the E. 

 Onager. He further observes that the Mongolians have no par- 

 ticular name for the E. Onager of Pallas ; the Tartars no name 



