NATIONAL ACADEMY BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS VOL. V11I 



a robin.;" but in setting forth certain fundamental principles 

 on the second page, he does not hesitate to write : "The third 

 law in biotic evolution is denominated progress in heter- 

 ogeneity," a statement which probably left some of his hearers 

 behind. 



After explaining that musical inventions, but not musicians, 

 show a survival of the fittest, he turns to the adaptation of 

 music to environment : "There is music for the dance and for 

 the battle ; music for the wedding and the funeral ; music for 

 the theater and the temple, and there is music about every- 

 thing: the land, the sea, and the air, the valley and the moun- 

 tain, the flower and the forest, the fountain and the river, the 

 worm and the serpent, the zephyr and the tempest" thus lav- 

 ishing instances to the point of redundancy, as if overwhelmed 

 with the wealth of his theme. He next points out that music 

 is one of various arts, each of which was developed from a 

 germ of another nature : "Fetich carving was the germ of 

 sculpture. . . . Picture writing was the germ of paint- 

 ing. . . . Mythology was the germ of the drama. 

 The dance was the germ of music and poetry ;" and then, as 

 "sculpture represents material forms in solid matter," and 

 "romance represents biography and history in fictitious tales," 

 so "music represents ideas in sound, by rhythm, melody, har- 

 mony, and symphony ;" and he thus prepares the way for the 

 question: "How does music grow?" Some have thought it 

 began as a "spontaneous outburst of the human soul in re- 

 sponse to the music of the physical and animal world the 

 sighing of the winds, the murmur of the rills, the roaring of 

 the cataracts, the dash of the waves on the shore, the singing 

 of the forests, the melodies of the birds." Not so. "The ob- 

 jective study of music among the lower tribes of mankind, and 

 among- the various people of the world in different stages of 

 culture, . . . leads to a different conclusion." Here the 

 significant words, "objective study," must be dwelt upon; the 

 motive that they suggest is altogether different from that at 

 first suggested by their context, much of which is phrased in so 

 exuberant a style and with such a surfeit of imagined illustra- 

 tions in place of specific facts that many a hearer might have 

 taken the whole for a flight of fancy unless these calmer words. 



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