TABLE OF CONTENTS 

 PLA^TT BIOLOGY 



PAGE 



PREFACE . vii 



V. ADAPTATIONS OF THE NUTRITIVE ORGANS OF PLANTS 39 



I. The Structure and Adaptations of Roots . . 39 



II. The Structure and Adaptations of Stems . . 45 



III. The Structure and Adaptations of Leaves . . 52 



VI. RESPIRATION AND THE PRODUCTION OF ENERGY IN 



PLANTS 64 



VII. REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS 70 



I. The Structure and Adaptations of Flowers . 70 



II. The Structure and Adaptations of Fruits . . 89 



VIII. PLANT PROPAGATION 97 



I. Seeds and their Development into Plants . . 97 

 II. (Optional.) Other Methods of Plant Propaga- 

 tion 105 



III. Conditions Essential for the Growth of Plants . 108 



IV. (Optional.) The Struggle for Existence and its 



Effects . . 114 



V. (Optional.) The Improvement of Plants by Man 119 

 xvii 



