122 



PLANT BIOLOGY 



formed by the cross-pollination of two different kinds of plants are 

 known as hybrid fruits. The orange hybrid fruits thus developed 

 were sent to Washington, where the seeds were removed and planted 

 in greenhouses. When the young hybrid trees were about a foot 

 high, they were sent to Florida and grown in a garden of the Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture. 



After a great many experiments in crossing the two kinds of 

 oranges, and after rejecting hundreds of plants that proved to be 

 worthless, Dr. Webber has succeeded in producing a type of tree that 

 will withstand the winters of regions from three hundred to four 

 hundred miles north of the present orange-growing section of Flor- 

 ida, and which will also produce a valuable, juicy fruit. These 

 new fruits, which have been named citranges, make a delightful 

 citrangeade and may be used in making pies, cakes, marmalades, 

 and the like. In a similar way Dr. Webber has produced new 

 varieties of tangerines, pineapples, cotton ^ plants, and grass for hay. 



The work of Luther Burbank 1 in California has likewise resulted 

 in astonishing colors and sizes of pinks and poppy blossoms, in 

 plums and peaches of great size, and in entirely new plants like the 

 "pomato," produced by crossing the potato with the tomato. 



132. Some of the valuable crops of New York State. 2 



New York ranks first of all the States of the Union in the 

 production of the following crops : 



1 See "New Creations in Plant Life," by W. S. Harwood. 



2 The authors are indebted to Professors of Cornell University, 

 for the use of the figures recently compiled. 



