ABBREVIATIONS 



xiu 



f , A male animal, or a plant or flower bear- 

 ing only stamens or antheridia. 



j A female animal or a plant or flower 



bearing only pistils or archegonia. 



Q A young animal of undetermined sex, thus 



fo, young male, or 5 >'g for young female, 

 but Qjuv (Juvenis, young). 



A monocarpic plant. 



0=- Cotyledons accumbent. 



Q j Cotyledons incumbent. 



I A plant introduced and naturalized. 



t A plant cultivated for ornament. 



I A plant cultivated for use. 



8 Monecious. 



Diecious. 



cf 5 9 Polygamus. 



o Wanting or none. 



oo Numerous or indefinite ; more than twenty 



when applied to stamens. 



<r The microsecond represents .ooi second or 



the unit of time in experiments or psycho- 

 physic reactions. 



Authors' names are abbreviated in the following Manner: — 



Ait., Aiton. Been., Bechstein. Cham., Chamisso. Dum., 

 Dum6ril, etc. 



Nupt, signifies in ornithology, breeding plumage. 



hornot, means a bird of the year. 



-aceae, a suffix used in botany to designate a family, the name 

 chosen being one of the principal genera. Ex., Rosa, Ros- 

 acea, Ranunculus, Ranitnculacees. Cl^icetz, idetx, inece, 

 ea. 



-ana, preferably used as a suffix to the name of a species 

 around which others naturally cluster, in the naming of 

 subsections or groups of species; e.g.. the group of 

 species of Helix related to H. pomatia may be indicated 

 by the term Pomatiana. 



-ensis, a termination given to the names of species only when 

 derived from the name of their habitat; e.g., Tcenia 

 madagascariensis, Daphne chinensis, Dractzna brasiti- 

 ensis. 



Eu-, employed as a prefix in forming the names of genera, sub- 

 genera, or sections of genera before a Greek derivative. 



Excl. gen., exclusit genus. 



Excl. sps., exclusit species. 



Excl- var., exclusit varietas, when following an onym, indi- 

 cates that the group has undergone revision, and the 

 name does not cover the original ground to the extent 

 indicated. 



-ia, -ius, -ica, -icus, -ina. -inus, -ita. -itus, terminations 

 used in making specific names which are derived from 

 the name of a river or other body of water, a province, 

 a country, or a kingdom ; e. g., arabicus. 



-iceae. -ideae, -ineae, suffixes used in botany to designate a 

 family when the name taken ends in Latin -ix or -is 

 (genitive ids, idis, iscis); e.g., Salicinetz from Salix, 

 Berberidea from Berberis, Tamariscinece from Tamarix. 



-eae, as a rule, these suffixes, together with ece, are employed 

 to designate botanic sub-families, tribes, and sub-tribes ; 

 e. g.. Rosea from Rosa. 



-idae. -inae the suffixes added to the name of the earliest 

 known or most characteristic genus, to designate zoologic 



families or sub-families ; e. g., Strix, Strigis, Strigidez, 

 Bucerotis, BuceroticUg. 



-ites, -itis, frequently employed to designate fossil organises 

 analogous to the living form whose generic name is the 

 radical to which ites is appended. They are rarely used 

 with specific names. 



Mutatis char., mutatis characteris, when following a specific 

 name signifies a change in the diagnostic characters of a 

 species. 



-astrum, -oidea or -oides, -oidalis, -oideum, -opsis, termina- 

 tions employed in forming generic, sub-generic, or 

 specific names after a Greek derivative. Bourguinat 

 suggests that astrum be reserved to be appended to the 

 name of a genus to indicate its typical sub-division. 

 Opsis and oides should be reserved for sub-divisions of a 

 genus which resemble another genus, by adding them to 

 the name of that other genus when it is of Greek origin. 



-oides is preferably reserved for specific names of Greek or 

 barbarous (never Latin) origin. 



(a) When the radical of the specific name is the name of a 

 genus which it resembles, e. g., Salix myrtilloides, 

 Bupleurum ranunculoides, Maiva abutiloides, Thuja 

 cupressoides. 



(b) When the radical is the name of another species which 

 the new one resembles. Helix carascaloid.es, a species 

 like H. carascalensis. 



(c) When the radical of the specific name is a Greek word 

 signifying an animal, organ, part, object, as Potentilla 

 arachnoidea, Prenanthes deltoidea. Jungermannia zodp~ 

 sis, icihyoides, rhomboidale, pterigoideus, paraboloides, 

 dendroideus. 



Only one apparent exception to the compounding of Greek 

 and Latin has been consecrated by usage; viz. : ovoides 

 from ovum and ti&os ; this has arisen from the absence of 

 euphony in the correct form, ooides (wop, and tioos). 



pro-parte, for a part, when following a specific name indi- 

 cates that since its first application the group has been 

 revised. 



Pseudo-, a prefix employed in forming specific names before 

 a Greek derivative. 



-pteris, a termination frequently employed in the generic 

 names of ferns, for the purpose of recalling the affinities 

 of the genus. 



sp. (i) In zoology, abbreviation of species, written when the 

 specific name is not known or is wanting, or if placed 

 after the name of the authority, as Crania craniolaris, 

 Linn6 sp., indicates that Linng is only to be credited 

 with the specific name. 

 (2) In botany, species or specimen. 



Sub-, a prefix employed in forming specific names before a 

 Latin derivative. It may also be used in designating a 

 new species before the name of another with which the 

 first was in intimate relation. It is also used in the sense 

 of nearly, less, somewhat, slightly. It has, moreover, a 

 few legitimate Latin compounds which may be used for 

 specific names ; e.g.,subterraneus, subalpinus-a-um, sub- 

 currens, subcutaneus, subdimidiatus, subjectus, sub- 

 mersus, subrotundus, substrains. 



Sub-sp., subspecies. 



gen., genus. 



var., variety, placed before the name of a plant or animal 

 indicates that it is a hybrid of doubtful origin. 



SUNDRY 



Adj Adjective. 



Adv Adverb. 



Am American. 



Arab Arabic. 



A. S Anglo-Saxon. 



Bot Botany. Botanic. 



B. Ph British Pharmacopeia. 



Celt Celtic. 



Cf. Confer, see. 



Chem Chemistry, Chemic. 



Colloq Colloquial. 



Comp Compounded, Compound. 



Dim Diminutive. 



e. g (Exempli gratia), For example. 



Elec Electricity. 



Eng. . English. 



Etym Etymology, Etymologic. 



f. Feminine. 



Fr French. 



Geog Geography, Geographic. 



Geol Geology, Geologic. 



Geom Geometry, Geometric. 



Ger German. 



G. Ph German Pharmacopeia. 



Gr Greek. 



Heb Hebrew. 



Hind Hindustani. 



Ichth Ichthvology. 



i. e (id est), that is. 



It Italian. 



ABBREVIATIONS. 



L., or Lat. .... Latin. 



Masc Masculine. 



Math Mathematics. 



Med. . * Medicine, Medical. 



M. E Middle English. 



N. F National Formulary. 



Nat. Hist Natural History. 



Neg Negative. 



Obs Obsolete. 



O. F Old French. 



Ophth Ophthalmology-, Ophthalmologic. 



Path Pathology, Pathologic. 



Phil Philosophy, Philosophic. 



Phys Phvsiology, Physiologic. 



pi. Plural. 



priv Privative. 



Pron Pronounced, Pronunciation. 



g. v (Quod vide) which see. 



Sax Saxon. 



Sing Singular. 



Sp Spanish. 



Surg Surgerv, Surgical. 



Unof. Unofficial. 



U. S. Ph United States Pharmacopeia. 



v Verb. 



v. i Intransitive verb. 



vide See. 



v. t." Transitive verb. 



Zool Zoology, Zoologic. 



