ACCESS 



24 



ACCUMBENT 



Access {ak f -ses) [accessus, an approach] . I. An attack 

 of a disease. 2. The return of a fit, or paroxysm. 

 3 . Cohabitation . 



Accessiflexor (ak-ses-e-fleks' '-or) [accessus and Jlexor\. 

 An accessory flexor muscle. 



Accession {ak-sesh' -un) [accessio ; ad, to ; cedere, to 

 go]. The assault, beginning, or onset of a disease, or 

 of a stage of the same ; applied especially to a recur- 

 rence of periodical disease. 



Accessive {ak-ses'-iv) [accessio]. Marked or charac- 

 terized by sharp and sudden accessions or paroxysms. 



Accessorium [ak-ses-sc/ -re-um) [L.]. An accessory 

 part; an adjunct, or appendage. 



Accessory {ak f -ses-o-re, or ak-ses f -o-re) [accessorius]. 

 A term applied to certain glands, muscles, ducts, 

 nerves, arteries, etc., that are often inconstant, but 

 always auxiliary in function, course, etc., to the prin- 

 cipal. Certain small muscles, as the lumbricales, are 

 regarded as accessory to more important muscles. In 

 biology, something additional ; as an accessory bud, 

 fruit, or plume. A. Buds, in botany, buds that are 

 developed by the side of, or above, the normal axillary 

 bud. A. Fruits, in botany, those fruits a considerable 

 portion of whose substance is distinct from the seed- 

 vessel and formed of the accrescent and succulent 

 calyx, or torus, or receptacle, bracts, etc. A. Gland 

 of Rosenmiiller. See Gland. A. Gland of the 

 Pancreas, Br tinner's Glands, q. v. A. of the 

 Parotid, the Socia Parotidis, q. v. A. Valves, in 

 zoology, small additional valves which occur in certain 

 forms, as the accessory valves placed near the umbones 

 of the genus Pholas among the Mollusca. 



Accident [ak' '-se-dent) [accedere, to occur]. I. In 

 legal medicine, an event occurring to an individual 

 without his expectation, and without the possibility of 

 his preventing it at the moment of its occurrence. 2. 

 An intercurrent or complicating symptom or event, 

 not to be looked for in the regular progression of an 

 attack of disease. 



Accidental (ak-se-dent f -al) [accidentals']. I. Due to, 

 or caused by, an accident. 2. Intercurrent; having 

 no essential connection with other conditions or symp- 

 toms. A. Hemorrhage. See Hemorrhage. 



Accidentalism {ak-se-dent'-al-ism) [accidentalis]. That 

 theory of medicine that ignores pathology and eti- 

 ology, and attends only to the symptoms or accidental 

 features of disease. 



Accidentalist {ak-se-dent'-al-ist) [accidentalis]. One 

 who advocates or follows accidentalism. 



Accipiter {ak-sip'-it-,-r) [L., a "hawk"]. A facial 

 bandage with tails radiating like the claws of a 

 hawk. 



Acclimate (ak-kli'-mat) [ad, to; clima, a climate]. 

 To accustom to a new or untried climate. 



Acclimatation (ak-kli-mat-a' '-shun), or 



Acclimation {ah-lim-a'-shun). See Acclimatization. 



Acclimatization (ak-kli-mat-iz-a' '-shun) [ad, to; clima, 

 climate]. The process of becoming accustomed to 

 tin: climate, soil, water, etc., of a country to which a 

 plant, animal, person, or a people has removed. 



Acclimatize (•ik-hii'-mat-lz) [ad, to; clima, climate]. 

 h climate. 



Acclivis (al--ldi'-vi>) [I.., " sloping"]. The Obliquus 

 inf. i urn muscle of the abdomen. 



Accommodation {ak-om-o-da'-shun) [accommcdarc, 

 to adjust]. Adaptation or adjustment. Adaptation 

 of the fetus to the uterus and birth -canal. A., 

 Absolute, the ftCCOmmod*tioO of either eve 



ratcly. A., Anomalies of, depart the 



normal in the action of the mechanism of accommo- 

 dation. A., Histological, the occurrence o I changes 

 in the morphology and function of cells following 



changed conditions. A., Negative, the eye passive 

 or at rest. A. of the Eye, that function of the 

 ciliary muscle and lens whereby objects at different 

 distances are clearly seen. It depends upon the inhe- 

 rent elasticity of the lens, which when the ciliary 

 muscle of an emmetropic eye is at rest is adapted to 

 the proper focalization of parallel rays of light, or of 

 such rays as proceed from an infinite distance, or from 

 the horizon of the observer. Objects nearer, to be 

 clearly seen, require a greater refracting power on the 

 part of the eye because the rays from such objects are 

 more divergent. This additional refracting power is 

 gained by an increased antero-posterior diameter of 



the lens, L, {illustration annexed) brought about by 

 the contraction of the ciliary muscle, M, which occa- 

 sions a loosening of the suspensory ligament and a 

 thickening of the lens by its own elasticity. A., Paraly- 

 sis of, paralysis of the ciliary muscle. A., Phos- 

 phenes, the peripheral light streak seen in the dark 

 after the act of accommodation. A., Range of, the 

 distance between the Punctum proxinmm, or nearest 

 of distinct vision, and the Punctum remotissimum, or 

 the most distant point. A. Theory, a theory that 

 ascribes the production of myopia to a distention of 

 the posterior portion of the sclera from the increased 

 intra-ocular pressure dependent upon frequently re- 

 peated accommodation of the eyes. 



Accompaniment (of the Cataract) {a-h-um' -pan-e-mott). 

 An old name for secondary or recurrent capsular 

 cataract ; opacity of the capsule following an opera- 

 tion for cataract. 



Accouchee (ak-koo-shay) [Fr., a, to; couche, a bed]. 

 A woman delivered of a child. 



Accouchement {ak-koosk-mong) [ad, to; couche, bed]. 

 The French term for labor, or delivery of a child. 

 The act of childbirth. A. Force, rapid and forcible 

 delivery with the hand during severe hemorrhage. 



Accoucheur (ak-koo-shur) [Fr.]. A man-midwife. 



Accoucheuse (ak-koo-shuz) [Fr.]. A midwife. 



Accrementitial (ak-re-men-tish'-al) [accrescere, to in- 

 crease]. In biology, of or pertaining to the process 

 of accrementition. 



Accrementition {ak-re-men-tish' -un) [ad, to ; cresccre, 

 to grow]. A growth in which increase takes place 

 by interstitial development from blastema, and also by 

 reproduction of cells by fission. The production or 

 development of a new individual by the separation of 

 a part of the parent ; gemmation. 



Accrescent {ak-res'-ent) [accrescere, to grow]. Tn 

 biology, refers to those parts connected with the Bower 

 which increase in size after flowering, as frequently 

 occurs with the calyx, involucre, etc. 



Accrete [ak-rit) [accretus ; accrescere ; to increase, 

 grow]. In biology, grown together. 



Accretion (a k- re' '-shun) [ad, to ; crescere, to increase]. 

 A term denoting the manner by which crystalline and 

 certain organic forms increase their material substance. 

 Also, the adherence of parts that are normally sepa- 

 rate. 



Accumbent (ah-um'-bent) [ad, to ; cumbere, to lie 

 down]. In biology, lying against a thing. Cotyledons 



