ACID 



34 



ACIDIFICATION 



Sulphonic. See Aseptol. A., Sulphoricineolic, an 

 acid prepared from castor oil acted upon by sulphuric 

 acid. It is a thick syrup, that has the power of 

 dissolving and emulsifying many substances ; recom- 

 mended for pharmaceutical uses. A., Sulphuric 

 (H 2 S0 4 ), Oil of Vitriol, a heavy, oily, corrosive acid, 

 consisting of not less than 92.5 per cent, sulphuric 

 anhydrid and 7.5 per cent, of water. Of value in 

 lead poisoning. Sometimes used as a caustic. A., 

 Sulph., Aromatic, contains 20 per cent, acid, diluted 

 with alcohol and flavored with cinnamon and ginger. 

 Dose n\v-xv. A., Sulph., Dilute, contains ten per 

 cent, strong acid to 90 of water. Dose n\x-xv, well 

 diluted. A., Sulphurous (H 2 S0 3 ), a colorless acid 

 containing about 6.4 per cent, of sulphurous anhy- 

 drid in 93.6 per cent, of water. The gas (S0 2 ) 

 is a very valuable disinfectant. The acid is used as 

 a spray or lotion in diphtheria, stomatitis, and as a 

 wash for indolent and syphilitic ulcers. The various 

 hyposulphites are mainly valuable in that they de- 

 compose and give off sulphur dioxid. Dose tT\v- 

 Z). See, also, Sodium, Potassium, and Magnesium. 

 A., Tannic (C 14 H I0 O 9 ), Tannin, an astringent acid 

 obtained from nutgalls, occurring in yellowish, scaly 

 crystals. Soluble in water and alcohol. Internally it 

 is an antidote in poisoning by alkaloids and tartar 

 emetic, and in hemorrhoids and catarrh of mucous 

 membrane. Useful mainly as an astringent lotion in 

 many skin diseases. Dose gr. j-xx. A., Tan., 

 Glycerit, one part tannin in four of glycerin. A., 

 Tan., Suppositories, one part of tannin to five of 

 butter of cacao. A., Tan., Troches, each contain 

 ]/ 2 gr. of tannic acid. A., Tan., Unguent, a 

 ten per cent, ointment of the acid incorporated 

 with benzoated lard. A., Tartaric (C 14 H 10 O 9 ), an 

 astringent acid, chiefly employed in refrigerant drinks 

 and in baking powders ; 20 grains neutralize 27 of 

 potassium dicarbonate, 22 of sodium dicarbonate, and 

 15^ of ammonium carbonate. Dose gr. x-xxx. 

 Widely distributed in the vegetable world, and occurs 

 principally in the juice of the grape, from which it 

 deposits after fermentation in the form of acid potas- 

 sium tartrate (argol). It results on oxidizing sac- 

 charic acid and milk sugar with HN0 3 . It crystallizes 

 in large monoclinic prisms, which dissolve readily in 

 water and alcohol, but not in ether. It melts at 167 - 

 170 . Its salts are the tartrates. A., Tartronic (C 3 - 

 H 4 s ), occurs in large prisms that are easily soluble 

 in water, alcohol, and ether. It melts at 184 C. 

 Produced from glycerol by oxidation with potassium 

 permanganate. A., Taurocholic (C 24 H 45 NOS 7 ), 

 occurs in bile; very soluble in water and alcohol; 

 crystallizes in fine needles. A., Teracrylic (C 7 H U - 

 O,), obtained by the distillation of terpentic acid. It 

 is an oily liquid, with an odor resembling that of val- 

 eric acid, and boiling at 208 without decomposition. 

 A., Terebic (( 7 H I() <) 4 ), a monobasic acid formed 

 when turpentine oil is oxidized with UNO,. Spar- 

 ingly soluble in cold water, crystallizes in shining 



and m.-lts at 175 . A., Tetraoxycaproic. 

 , Saccharic . A., Tetraoxyvaleric. See 

 A., Aralnmic. A., Thebolactic (< '.!!,.< n, a crys- 

 talline principle obtained from opium. A., Tide 



./,. See Tide. A., Trichloracetic (lie, 

 CLPg), an acid formed from acetic acid, three atoms 



• if the hydrogen of which i^ (in the new add) replaced 

 by < hlorin. hi-- f the best n 



f<«r the detection of albumin in the urine, and is a 



valuable can illy lor rhtaopbnryngologica] 



A., Trichlorlactic (< ,1 1,( ),( I , 

 >y heating chloralcyanhydrin with concentrated HC1. 

 It is a crystalline mass that melts at from 105° to no . 



I 



Soluble in water, in alcohol, and in ether. A., 

 Tricyanic (C 3 N 3 3 H 3 ), Cyanuric Acid, obtained 

 from tricyanogenchlorid by boiling the latter with 

 water and alkalies. It crystallizes from aqueous solu- 

 tion with two molecules of water in large rhombic 

 prisms ; soluble in 40 parts of cold water ; easily solu- 

 ble in hot water and in alcohol. A., Trimesic (C 9 - 

 H 6 6 ), formed when mesitylenic and uvitic acids are 

 oxidized with a chromic acid mixture. Crystallizes in 

 short prisms, readily soluble in hot water and alcohol, 

 melts about 300 , and sublimes near 240 . A., Tropic 

 (C 6 H 5 .C 2 H 3 (OH).C0 2 H), obtained by digesting the 

 alkaloids, atropin, and belladonna with baryta water. 

 Slowly soluble in water; crystallizes in needles or 

 plates, and melts at I17 . A., Umbellic (C 6 H 8 4 ), 

 obtained by digesting umbelliferon with caustic potash, 

 and then precipitating with acids. It is a yellow 

 powder, decomposing at about 240 . A., Undecolic 

 (C u H 18 2 ) , obtained from the bromid of undecylenic 

 acid. It fuses at 59.5 . A., Uric (C 5 H 4 N 4 3 ), an 

 acid found in the urine of man and the carnivora — 

 rarely in the herbivora — abundantly in the excremenf 

 of birds, reptiles, and molluscs. Crystallizes in small, 

 white, rhombic crystals, insoluble in alcohol and ether, 

 soluble in 1900 parts of boiling water, and in hydro- 

 chloric acid. Exists usually in combination with the 

 metals of the alkaline group. Separated from urine 

 by adding ten per cent, of hydrochloric acid and allow- 

 ing the crystals to settle for 48 hours, when they may 

 be separated and weighed. Haycraft's method is a 

 more exact but extended process. A., Uric, Murexid, 

 Test for. See Murexid. A., Uroleucic (C 9 H ]0 - 

 5 ) \itro-, leucitt], a stellate, crystalline acid found in 

 the urine in alkaptonuria. A., Uvitic (C 9 H 8 4 ), 

 Mesidic Acid, obtained by oxidizing mesitylene with 

 .dilute HNO3. Crystallizes from hot water in needles, 

 melting at 287 . A., Valeric (C 5 H 10 O 2 ), formed by 

 oxidizing normal amyl alcohol. Similar to butyric acid, 

 but is more sparingly soluble in water; boils at 1 86° ; 

 sp. gr. at o° is a.9568. It congeals in the cold and melts 

 at 20 . A mobile liquid with caustic acid taste and 

 the pungent smell of old cheese. Its salts have been 

 somewhat used in medicine. A., Veratric (C 9 H 10 O 4 ), 

 occurs with veratrin in the sabadilla seeds ; crystallizes 

 from hot water in short, white, transparent needles, 

 melting at 179.5° C. ; soluble in water and alcohol. 

 A., Vulpic (C 19 H, 4 5 ), occurs in the lichen Cetraria 

 vulpina, from which it may be extracted by chloroform 

 or lime water. Sparingly soluble in water and ether, 

 crystallizes from alcohol in yellow prisms, melting at 

 no and subliming. A., Xanthic (C 2 H 5 .O.CS.SII), 

 a heavy, oily liquid, not soluble in water, with a pene- 

 trating smell and a sharp, astringent taste, many of 

 whose salts have a yellow color. A., Xylic (C 6 H 3 - 

 (CH 3 ) 2 .C0 2 H), produced by the oxidation of pseudo- 

 cumene. Crystallizes from alcohol in long prisms ; 

 dissolves with difficulty in water; melts at 126° C, and 

 sublimes readily. A., Xylidic (C 9 H 8 4 ), obtained 

 by oxidizing xylic acid with dilute HN0 3 ; separates 

 from boiling water in flocculent masses ; melts at 282°. 



Acida (as / -id-alt) [P.]. Plural of Acidum, q. v. 



Acid-Albumin {as' -id al'-bu-min). A derived albu- 

 min. A proteid having been acted upon or dissolved 

 in the stronger acids, and yielding an acid reaction. 



Acidiferous (as-id-if '-er-us) [acidum, acid ; ferre, to 

 bear]. Containing an acid ; producing acidity. 



Acidinable {as-id f -if-i-a-bl) [acidum, acid ; fieri, to be- 

 come]. Capable of becoming an acid, or of becoming 

 sour. 



Acidification [as-id-if-ik-a' '-slum) [acidum, &c\d ;facere, 

 to make]. Conversion into an acid; the process of 

 becoming sour. 



