ANESTHETICISM 



81 



ANGEIO- 



sists in the injection of I or 1.5 c.c. of the following 

 mixture: — morph. hydrochlor. 10 centigrm., atropin. 

 sulph. 5 milligrm. , aq. destill. 10 grms. The atropin 

 is said to lessen the after-sickness and abrogate saliva- 

 tion and bronchial secretion. Forxe's : — the prelimi- 

 nary administration of chloral before using chloroform, 

 2 to 5 grams an hour before. Kappelers : — a com- 

 bination of chloral hydrate and ether, 40 grains of the 

 former. The duration of anesthesia* is prolonged and 

 the recovery retarded, but the after-effects are more 

 marked. Xussbaum's : — injection of 4 to \ grain of 

 morphin previous to the administration of chloroform. 

 Less of the anesthetic is needed, while the stupor is 

 prolonged; vomiting is increased. Obalinski's: — 

 hypodermatic injection of cocain, 2 to 5 centigrams 

 of a three per cent, solution during chloroform anes- 

 thetization. Trelat's: — administration of 2 to 4^ 

 grams of chloral hydrate, and IO to 20 grams of 

 syrup of morphin in 60 grams of water, repeating the 

 dose in 15 minutes, and following by chloroform anes- 

 thesia. 



Attempts have repeatedly been made to estimate 

 the comparative safety of the various anesthetics used 

 for the production of general anesthesia. In 1879 the 

 "Glasgow Committee '' of the British Medical As- 

 sociation concluded in favor of ether, declaring that 

 chloroform lowered the blood tension and depressed 

 the action of the heart. In 1889 the Hyderabad 

 Commission arrived at the conclusion that chloroform 

 produced an arrest of respiration before there was a 

 stoppage of the heart. It is thought, however, that 

 the climate — that of India — may have had some effect 

 in producing this result, since in temperate climates 

 the heart usually fails before there is a depression of 

 respiration. 



Anestheticism (an-es-thef -is-izni) [avaiad^roc, insensi- 

 ble]. The quality of being anesthetic. 



Anesthetization [an-es-thet-iz-a' -shun) [avaiadijroq, in- 

 sensible]. The process of rendering insensible. 



Anesthetize (an-es' -thet-lz) [avaiodrfroc:, insensible]. 

 To put under the influence of an anesthetic. 



Anesthetizer \an f -es-thet-i-zer) [avatadrtroq, insensible]. 

 One who administers an anesthetic. 



Anethol {an f -eth-ol) [dvd, up; aideiv, to bum; oleum, 

 oil], C 10 H 12 O. The methyl ether of anol ; it occurs in 

 ethereal oils, from which it separates in the Cold in the 

 form of white, shining scales, melting at 21° and boiling 

 at 232 . It is the chief constitutent of the essential oils 

 of anise and fennel. It is employed in preparing the 

 Elixir anethi, N. F., being more fragrant and agree- 

 able than the anise oil. 



Anethum ian-e'-thum) \avrfiov, anise : gen., Anethil. 

 Dill ; the dried fruit of Peucedanum graveolens, indig- 

 enous to Southern Europe. Aromatic, carminative, 

 and stimulant. A. Aqua (B. P.). Dose Ji-ij. A. 

 Oleum (B. P.). Dose n\ i-iv. 



Anetic [an-et'-ik) [dvTrurff, relaxing]. Soothing; 

 calmative ; anodyne. 



Anetiological (an-e-te-o-loj' -ik-al) [dv priv. ; curia, 

 cause; /.djoc, word]. Having no known cause ; dys- 

 teleological. 



Anetus {an'-et-us) [averoc, loosened]. Any inter- 

 mittent fever. 



Aneuria (an-u' -re-ah) [d priv. ; vevpov, a nerve or 

 fiber]. Lack of nervous power or stimulus. 



Aneuric {an-u' '-rik) [d priv. ; vevpov, a nerve or 

 fiber]. Characterized by aneuria; impairing the 

 nervous activity. 



Aneurysm (an f -u-rizni) [avevpvoua, a widening]. A 

 tumor consisting of a dilated artery, or communicat- 

 ing with an artery. In the early stages there is an 

 expansile pulsation of the tumor generally associated 

 6 



with a systolic murmur or bruit. In the later stages 

 the laminated coagulum increases, so that pulsation 

 may be absent, and pressure of the growing aneurysm 

 upon the adjacent organs may give rise to secondary 

 troubles, as pain, dyspnea, dysphagia, paralysis, or 

 spasm. Inequality in the pupils follows from pressure 

 on the sympathetic in thoracic aneurysm. Aneu- 

 rysm may be caused by rupture, wounding, disease, or 

 weakness of the arterial walls, or by increased blood 

 pressure following over-exertion. Embolism also may 

 be a cause ; gout and alcoholism act as predisposing 

 causes. Cardiac dilatation is sometimes spoken of as 

 aneurysm of the heart. A., Abdominal, one of 

 the abdominal aorta. A. by Anastomosis, a dila- 

 tation of a large number of vessels — small arteries, 

 veins, and capillaries — the whole forming a pulsating 

 tumor under the skin. This form of aneurysm is es- 

 pecially seen upon the scalp. A., Arterio-venous, 

 the formation of an abnormal communication between 

 an artery and a vein. If the communication is direct 

 it is termed aneurysmal varix, but when there is an 

 intervening sac it is called a varicose aneurysm. A., 

 Berard's, a varicose aneurysm with the sac in the 

 tissues immediately around the vein. A., Cirsoid, a 

 tortuous lengthening and dilatation of a part of an 

 artery. A., Compound, one in which one or several 

 of the coats of the artery are ruptured and the others 

 merely dilated. A. .Consecutive, or Diffused, follows 

 rupture of all the arterial coats with infiltration of sur- 

 rounding tissues. A., Dissecting, when the blood 

 forces its way between the media and adventitia. A., 

 Ectatic, an expansion of a portion of an artery due 

 to yielding of all the coats. It is merely a dilatation 

 of the vessel. A., Endogenous, one formed by 

 disease of the vessel walls. A., Exogenous, one due 

 to traumatism. A., False, or Spurious, one in 

 which there has occurred a rupture of all the coats, 

 and the effused blood is retained by the surrounding 

 tissues. A., Fusiform, a spindle-shaped dilatation 

 of the artery. A., Medical, an internal aneurysm ; 

 i. e. , one situated within the thoracic or abdominal 

 cavity. A., Mixed. See A., Compound. A., Sac- 

 culated, a sac-like dilatation of an artery communi- 

 cating with the main arterial trunk by an opening that 

 may be relatively large or small. A., Park's, a variety 

 of arterio-venous aneurysm in which the arterial dila- 

 tation communicates with two contiguous veins. A., 

 Pott's. Same as Aneurysmal Varix. A., Rod- 

 rigues's, a varicose aneurysm in which the sac is im- 

 mediately contiguous to the artery. A.. Spurious. 

 See A. , False. A., Verminous, one containing hema- 

 tozoa. 



Aneurysmal (an-u-riz' '-mal) \avevpvaua, a widening]. 

 Of the nature of or pertaining to an aneurysm. A. 

 Varix. See Aneurysm. 



Aneurysmatic (an-u-ris-mat 1 '-ik) [avevpvoua, a widen- 

 ing]. Affected with or of the nature of aneurysm. 



Aneuthanasia (an-u-than-a' -ze-ah\ [d priv. ; evdavaoia, 

 an easy death]. A painful or difficult death. 



Anfract {an'-frakt) \anfractus, a winding]. An anfrac- 

 tuosity or sinuosity ; an anfractuous organ or structure. 



Anfractuose (an-frak'-tu-os) [an/ractus, a winding]. 

 In biology, bent back and forth, winding, as certain 

 stamens, or the brain fissures. 



Anfractuosity {an-frak-tu-os J -it-e) \anfractus, a bend- 

 ing round]. Any one of the furrows or sulci between 

 the cerebral convolutions. 



Anfractuous {an-frak* -tu-us) [an/ractus, a bending 

 round]. Characterized by windings and turnings; 

 sinuous. 



Angeiectasis (an-je-ek' '-tas-is). See Angiectasis. 



Angeio- (an'-je-o). See Angio-. 



