APTYSTIA 



105 



ARACHXIDIUM 





Aptystia (ap-tis'-te-ak) [a priv. ; irrveiv, to spit]. See 

 Aptyalism. 



Apulosis ( ap-u-lc/ -sis) [a-oi?Maic ; ov/xiv, to cicatrize] . 

 Cicatrization, or a cicatrix. 



Apulotic {ap-u-lot'-ik) [ottov/mtikos, healing]. Pro- 

 moting cicatrization, or apulosis. 



Apus (a' -pus) [d priv., and Tzovg, foot]. I. A monstro- 

 =itv consisting in absence of the lower limbs, or feet. 

 2. An apodous fetus. 



Apyonin {ah-pi' '-on-in) [a priv. ; iriiov, pus] . A 

 remedy introduced as a substitute for pyoktanin in 

 ophthalmic practice. It is said to be identical with 

 yellow pyoktanin. Unof. 



Apyretic (ah-pi-ref -ik) -[a priv. ; irvperog, fever]. 

 Without fever or pyrexia. 



Apyrexia {ah-pi-reks' -e-ah) [dpriv. ; rrvpenrog, feverish]. 

 The non-febrile stage of an intermittent fever ; intermis- 

 sion or absence of fever. 



Apyrexial {ah-pi-reks* -e-al) [a-vptKXoq, without fever]. 

 Pertaining to, of the nature of, or characterized by, 

 apyrexia. 



pyTexy {ah' ' -pi-reks-e). See Apyrexia. 

 qua (a'-kwah) [L. : gen. and //., Aqua, a f -kwe\ 

 Water. An oxid of hydrogen having the composition 

 H 2 0. It is a solid below 32 , a liquid between 32 

 and 212 , vaporizes at 212 at the sea level (bar. 760 

 mm. ) , giving off vapor of tension equal to that of the 

 air. It covers four-fifths of the surface of the earth, but 

 is never pure in nature, containing from a trace of 

 soluble matter, in rain water, to 26 per cent, of soluble 

 mineral salts, in the Dead Sea Water is an essential 

 constituent of all animal and vegetable tissues. In the 

 human body it forms two per cent, of the enamel 

 of the teeth, 77 per cent, of the ligaments, 78 per 

 cent, of the blood, and 93 per cent, of the urine. 

 Externally, water has a stimulating effect upon the 

 skin, either by direct or reactionary means. Cold 

 water when continued too long may lower the general 

 temperature of the body so as to produce serious depres- 

 sion of the circulation and muscular power. When pro- 

 perly used it is a valuable antipyretic. Hot water and 

 vapor increase circulation and produce diaphoresis. 

 Its too long-continued use debilitates. Internally, 

 water is a diuretic. It is the most useful of all the sol- 

 vents in pharmacy. The following are the official pre- 

 parations and forms : A. bulliens, boiling water. A. 

 communis, common water. A. destillata, distilled 

 water. A. fervens, hot water. A. fluvialis, river- 

 water. A. fontana, well- or spring-water. A. 

 marina, sea-water. A. pluvialis, rain-water. See 

 also Mineral Water. Aqua in pharmacy also 

 designates various medicated waters : as A.ammoniae, 

 water of ammonia ; A. anethi, dill water ; A. chlori, 

 chlorin water ; A. rosae, rose water. A. fortis. See 

 Acid, A'itric. A. regia. See A. A'itrohydrochloric. 

 A. tofana, a celebrated secret poison, prepared in the 

 17th century at Palermo by a woman named Toffana. 

 It was probably arsenical. A. Vitae, Brandy or 

 Spirit, q. v. In anatomy, A. labyrinthi, the clear 

 fluid existing in the labyrinth of the ear. 



Aquaecapsulitis {a-kwe-kap-su-li'-tis) [aqua, water; 

 capsula, a capsule ; trig, inflammation]. Serous iritis. 



Aquaeductus {a-knve-duk' -tus). See Aqueduct. 



Aquamalarial Fever (a-kwa-mal-a'-re-al). Synonym 

 of Malarial Fever. See Fever. 



Aquapuncture (ak-wah-pungk' -ckur) [aqua, water ; 

 punctura, a puncture]. Counter-irritation by means 

 of a very fine jet of water impinging upon the skin ; 

 useful in neuralgia and other nerve disorders. 



Aquatic {a-kwaf '-ik) [aqua, water]. Pertaining to 

 water. A. Cancer. Synonym of Cancrum oris. 



Aqueduct, or Aqueductus {ak' '-we-dukt ', or ak-we- 



duk'-tus) [aqua, water; ductus, a leading]. Used of 

 ducts or canals in various parts of the body. A. 

 cerebri, the infundibulum. A. cochleae, aqueduct of 

 the cochlea. A. of Cotunnius, the aqueduct of the 

 vestibule, extending from the utricle to the posterior 

 wall of the pyramid in the brain. A. Fallopii, the 

 canal of the portio dura in the petrous portion of the 

 temporal bone. A. Sylvii, the aqueduct of Sylvius 

 from the third to the fourth ventricle , the iter a tertio 

 ad quartum ventriculum. A. vestibuli, aqueduct of 

 the vestibule of the ear. 



Aqueous (a f -kwc-us) [aqua, water]. Referring to 

 water ; watery. A. Chamber of the Eye, the 

 space between the cornea and the lens ; the iris 

 divides it into an anterior and a posterior chamber. 

 A. Extract, a solid preparation of a drug made by 

 evaporation of its aqueous solution. A. Humor, the 

 fluid filling the anterior chamber of the eye. 



Aquiducous [a-kwe-du'-kus) [aquiducus ; aqua, water ; 

 ducere, to lead]. Hydragogue. 



Aquilaria {a-kwil-a'-re-ah) [L.]. A genus of trees. 

 A. agallocha, a tree of S. E. Asia producing the 

 true aloes-wood, or eagle-wood, valued in perfumery, 

 but no longer employed in regular pharmacy or prac- 

 tice. A. ovata and A. secundaria also furnish 

 varieties of aloes- wood. Unof. . 



Aquilegia {ak--uril-e / -je-ah) [L.]. A genus of ranun- 

 culaceous plants of many species. A. vulgaris has 

 active medicinal qualities ; but none of the species are 

 now much used in regular practice. 



Aquiparous (a-kiuipZ-ar-us) [aqua, water; parere, to 

 bring forth]. Producing water, or affording watery 

 secretions ; said of glands, as the lachrymal and 

 parotid. 



Aquocapsulitis [a-kiuo-kap-su-li'-tis) [aqua, water; 

 capsula, a small box]. Serous iritis, q. v. 



Aquosity {a-kwos'-it-e) [aquositas, watery]. The state 

 or condition of being watery. 



Aquula {ak-wu' -lah) [L.]. A small aqueous collec- 

 tion. A. cotunnii, the perilymph, q. v. 



Arabic (ar* '-ab-ik) [Apa.3iKog, Arabic]. Of or pertain- 

 ing to Arabia. A. Acid. See Arabin. A. Gum. 

 See Acacia. 



Arabin {ar'-ab-in) [Apa3iKdg, Arabic], (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) 2 - 

 -{- H 2 0. Arabic Acid. A transparent, glassy, amor- 

 phous mass, an exudate from many plants, making a 

 clear solution in water. It is the principal constituent 

 of gum arabic. See Carbohydrates , Table of. 



Arabinose (ar'-ab-in-ds) ['Apafiutog, Arabic], C 5 H 10 O 5 . 

 One of the glucoses. Made from gum arabic on boil- 

 ing with dilute H 2 S0 4 . It crystallizes in shining 

 prisms that melt at 100 ; is slightly soluble in cold 

 water, has a sweet taste, and reduces Fehling's solu- 

 tion, but is not fermented by yeast. See Carbohydrates, 

 Table of. 



Arabis {ar'-ab-is) ['Apa3tKog, Arabic]. A genus of 

 cruciferous herbs ; rock cresses, or wall cresses. A. 

 chinensis, of Asia, and A. sagittata and A. tha- 

 liana, of Europe, are stimulant and stomachic. The 

 seeds of some species yield an oil much like that of 

 rape-seed. Unof. 



Arabite [ar^-ab-it) ['Apa3cK6c, Arabic], C 3 H 12 5 . A 

 substance formed from arabinose by the action of 

 sodium amalgam. It crystallizes from hot alcohol 

 in shining needles, melting at 102°. It has a sweet 

 taste, but does not reduce Fehling's solution. 



Arabonic Acid {ar-ab-on' -ik) . See Acid. 



Arachis {ar'-ak-is) [apaxog, a leguminous plant]. A 

 genus of leguminous plants. A. hypogaea. See 

 Ground Nut. 



Arachnidium (ar-ak-nid'-e-um) [apaxyn, a spider]. 

 In biology, the secreting spinning apparatus of spiders, 



