AVENS 



153 



AZOIC 



nitrogenous principle obtained from the oat, and 

 nearly identical with legumin ; the gluten-casein 

 of oats. 

 Avens av'-enz) [Welsh, afans\. A name given to 

 several plants of the genus Geum. A. Root, the root 

 of Geum rivale, a tonic and astringent. It contains 

 gallic and tannic acids. Dose of fid. ext. 3 ss-j. Unof. 

 Avery's Operation. See Operations, Table of. 

 Aviation (a-ve-a'-shun) [avis, a bird]. Artificial flight. 

 Avidity {av-id' -it-e) [avidus, greedy]. In chemistry, 

 the tendency of certain weak acids, in suitable con- 

 ditions, to dispossess even the strongest acids and to 

 unite with their bases. 

 Avocado Pear (av-o-ka'-dd). See Alligator Pear. 

 Avogadro, Law of. See Law&nA Ampere. 

 Avoirdupois Weight {av-or-du-poiz' wdt) [Fr. , avoir, 

 have; du poids, of weight]. The common English 

 eight used for all commodities except precious metals, 

 ms and medicines. The pound is equal to 7000 

 ains Troy, or 453.54 grams, or 16 ounces. The 

 ince is divided into 16 drams, each of 27.34 grains. 



Weights and Measures. 

 lsion (av-uU -shun) [avulsio ; avellere, to tear 

 way]. A traumatic or surgical tearing or wrenching 

 .way of a part, as a polypus, a limb, etc. 

 Awn (awn) [a-xva, chaff]. The bristle or beard of 



barley, oats, etc; or any other similar appendage. 

 Axial (aks'-e-al) [axis, axis]. Pertaining to or situated 

 in an axis. A. Current. Same as A. Stream. A 

 Hypermetropia. See Hypermetropia. A. Stream. 

 The name given to the red column in a vessel at the 

 seat of inflammation. The blood-corpuscles are 

 separated, the red being packed together in the center 

 of the vessel, while between this and the walls of the 

 vessel is a clear layer of serum in which the white cor- 

 puscles roll along. See Poiseuille 's Space. 

 Axiferous (aks-if '-er-us) [axis, axis; ferre, to bear]. 

 In biology, producing a stem-like, ieafless axis, as cer- 

 tain fungi and algoe. 

 Axilemma (aks' -il-em-ali) [axis, axis"; Xift/m, husk, 

 skin]. In histology, an elastic sheath composed of 

 neurokeratin enclosing the axis cylinder of medullated 

 nerve-fibers. 

 Axilla (aks-il' -ah) [L. : pi., Axilla;']. The armpit. 

 Axillar (ales' -il-ar) [axilla, axil]. In biology, one of 

 the tufts of soft feathers growing from the axilla, and 

 forming part of the under wing-coverts of a bird. 

 Axillary (aks'-il-a-re) [axilla, axil]. Pertaining to the 

 axilla. A. Artery, the continuation of the subclavian 

 artery, extending from the lower border of the first rib 

 to the insertion of the pectoralis major muscle, where 

 it becomes the brachial. See Arteries, Table of. A. 

 Glands, the lymphatic glands in the axilla. A. 

 Plexus, the brachial plexus, formed by the last three 

 cervical and the first dorsal nerves. A. Space, the 

 irregular conical space of the axilla. A. Vein, a 

 continuation of the brachial, corresponding with the 

 artery and terminating in the subclavian vein. 

 Axin (aks f -in) [axittus]. A fatty and varnish-like sub- 

 stance produced in Mexico by an insect, Coccus 

 axinus. It is used in the arts and locally in medicine, 

 ieing regarded as a good vulnerary and resolvent. 

 iS (aks'-is) [L. for axletree]. I. An imaginary line 

 iassing through the center of a body. 2. The second 

 :ervical vertebra. A., Basicranial, in craniometry, a 

 ine drawn from the basion to the middle of the anterior 

 irder of the cerebral surface of the sphenoid bone. 

 ., Basifacial, in craniometry, a line drawn from the 

 iterior border of the cerebral surface of the sphenoid 

 the alveolar point. A., Binauricular, in cranio- 

 metry, the imaginary line joining the two auricular 

 points. A., Cerebrospinal, the central nervous 



system. A. Cylinder (of a nerve), the conducting or 

 essential part of a nerve lying in the center and sur- 

 rounded by the sheath of Schwann. It is also 

 called the axis-cylinder of Purkinje. A., Frontal (of 

 the eye), an imaginary line running through the eyeball 

 from right to left, and corresponding with the move- 

 ments of elevation and depression of the eyeball. A., 

 Optic, the line from the corneal apex to the macula 

 lutea. A., Optical, an imaginary line passing from 

 the center of the eye-piece of a microscope through 

 the body, objective, stage and sub-stage, to the 

 mirror. A., Sagittal (of the eye), an imaginary line 

 running through the eyeball from before backward, 

 and coinciding with the line of vision. A., Visual, 

 the line from the object through the nodal point to 

 the macula. 



Axle Teeth (aks f -I teth) . See Azzle Teeth. 



Axogaster (aks' ' -o-gas-ter) [dfwv, axis ; yaarijp, stom- 

 ach]. In biology the principal intestine, the gaster 

 principalis . 



Axon (aks f -on) [atjiov, an axis] . The axis of the body ; 

 especially the bony axis of the neuro-skeleton. 



Axospermous (aks-o-sperm' -us) [a^uv, axis ; oirtfj/xa, 

 seed]. In biology, applied to fruits the seeds of 

 which are attached to an axial placenta. 



Axungia (aks-un' -je-ah) [L.: gen., Axungiaf\. Fat; 

 lard ; adeps. 



Ayres's Operation. See Operations, Table of. 



Azale (az-dl'). See Conspectus of Pigments, under Pig- 

 ment. 



Azalein {az-a' -le-in) . Same as Rosanilin. See also 

 Conspectus of Pigments , under Pigment. 



Azarin (az' -ar-in). See Conspectus of Pigments, under 

 Pigment. 



Azedarach {az-ed f -ar-ak) [Pers. azad, free ; dirakht, a 

 tree]. Pride of China, the bark of Melia azedarach, 

 an Asiatic tree naturalized in the southern U. S. It 

 occurs in curved pieces or quills, having a sweetish 

 taste. The decoction, ^ij to Oj, is a gastrointestinal 

 irritant and anthelmintic against the round- worm. 

 Dose 3ss-j. A., Ext. Fid. Dose gj. A., Tinct- 

 ura, 1 to 8. Dose ^ss-ij. Unof. 



Azerin (az f -er-hi) [badly formed from a priv. ; ^rjpdq, 

 dry]. A ferment analogous to ptyalin and found in 

 the digestive secretions of Drosera, Nepenthes, and 

 probably all other insectivorous plants. It is actively 

 antiseptic and strongly deliquescent, and hastens 

 rapidly the wetting of flies that fall into its solution. 



Azobenzene (az-o-ben' '-zen) [a priv.; fardg, living; 

 benzoin] , C 12 H 10 N 2 . A compound formed by the action 

 of sodium amalgam upon the alcoholic solution of 

 nitro-benzene. It forms orange-red, rhombic crystals, 

 readily soluble in alcohol and ether, but sparingly 

 soluble in water. It melts at 68°, and distils at 



293?- 



Azo-compounds. In chemistry, compounds interme- 

 diate between the nitro- compounds and the amido- 

 compounds, and made from the former by partial 

 reduction, or from the latter by partial oxidation. 



Azodiphenyl Blue. Same as Coupler's Blue. 



Azo-dyes. A well defined group of the coal-tar colors, 

 all containing the diatomic group — N =• N — , bound 

 on either side to a benzene radical. They may be 

 prepared by reduction of the nitro-compounds in 

 alkaline solutions, or by acting on diazo-compounds 

 with phenols or amins of the aromatic series. The 

 azo-dyes are the amido-derivatives of simple azo- 

 compounds, and are to be distinguished as amidoazo- 

 dyes and oxyazo-dyes. See Conspectus of Pigments, 

 under Pigment. 



Azoic (az-o'-ik) [a priv. ; r a>i/, life]. In biology, desti- 

 tute of living organisms. 



