BISULPHATE 



209 



BLACK 



Bisulphate (bi-sul' -fat) [bi, two ; ME.,«<///4«r]. Any 

 acid sulphate having twice the amount of acid con- 

 tained in the corresponding normal sulphate. 



Bisulphid {bi-sul' -fid) [bi, two; sulphur]. In chem- 

 istry, a sulphur compound in which there are two 

 atoms of sulphur to one atom of the other substance 

 of the compound. B. of Carbon. See Anesthetic. 



Bisulphite {bi-sul' -fit) [bi, two ; sulphur] . An acid 

 sulphite. The bisulphite of lime is used as an anti- 

 ferment. 



Bitartrate (bi-tar'-trdt) [bi, two; rdprapov, tartar]. 

 Any tartrate in which one normal hydrogen atom has 

 been replaced by a base. See Tartaric acid. 



Bitemporal (bi-tem' '-por-al) [pi, two; tempora, the 

 temples] . Pertaining or belonging to the two temples. 

 B. Triangle. See Triangle. 



Biti (be'-te) [E. Ind.]. The E. Indian tree Dalbergia 

 latifolia ; the oil of the root is said to cure or prevent 

 baldness. Unof. 



Bitnoben (bil-no'-ben) [Hind, for " black salt "]. An 

 East Indian polychrest remedy composed of salt, 

 myrobalan and iron. 



Bitter (bit'-er) [AS., bitan, to bite]. A peculiar, well- 

 known taste, of which quinin presents an example ; 

 unpalatable. B. Almond, the nut of the Amygdalum 

 amarutn. It contains hydrocyanic acid. B. Almond 

 Green. Same as Malachite Green. B. Almond Oil, 

 oleum amygdalae amarae. See Benzaldehyd. B.Apple, 

 the fruit of the colocynth, a purgative remedy. B. 

 Blain, a West Indian herb, Vandellia diffusa, em- 

 ployed in fevers and in hepatic disorders. Unof. B. 

 Bloom. The same as American Centaury, q. v. B. 

 Bugle weed, the herb Lycopus europceus, alterative 

 and tonic. Dose of fid. ext. j§ss-j. Unof. B. Cup, 

 a cup made of quassia wood. It is a tonic. B. 

 King, the shrub or tree, Soulamea amara, intensely 

 bitter in all parts, and reputed to be antiperiodic. Unof. 

 B. Purging Salt, sulphate of magnesia. B. Root, 

 the root of Gentiana catesba:i, a tonic. B. Tincture, 

 the tinctura amara (N.F.), prescribed also in the Ger- 

 man pharmacy ; it is a tincture of gentian, centaury, 

 bitter orange-peel, orange-berries, and zedoary ; it is 

 known also as Stomach Drops. B. Wine of Iron, 

 a solution of white wine, syrup, citrate of iron and 

 quinin. Tonic. See Iron. 



Bittering (bit' -er-ing) [AS., bitan, to bite]. A disease 

 of wine in which it acquires a bitter flavor, due to the 

 formation of a substance that develops as the wine 

 ages, or if it be exposed to too high a temperature. 



Bitters (bit'-ers) [AS., bitan, to bite]. Medicines char- 

 acterized by a bitter taste. B., Aromatic, medicines 

 that unite the properties of aromatics with those of 

 simple bitters. B., Simple, medicines that stimulate 

 the gastro-intestinal tract without influencing the gen- 

 eral system. B., Styptic, medicines that add styptic 

 and astringent properties to those of bitterness. See 

 Angustura. 



Bittersweet (bit' -er-s~wef) . See Dulcamara. B., False. 

 See Climbing Staff Tree. 



Bitumen (bit-u'-men) [L., bitumen]. Mineral pitch or 



I oil composed of various hydrocarbons. In the solid 



j form it is usually called asphalt; in the liquid form, 

 petroleum. An intermediate form is known as mineral 



1 tar or maltha. By distillation, bitumen yields benzol, 



! naphtha, paraffin, and various other hydrocarbons, 



\ liquid and gaseous. 



Bituminous (bit-u'-min-us) [bitumen, bitumen]. Of 



i .the nature of or containing bitumen. B. Coal. See 

 Coal. 



Biuret (bi'-u-ret) [bi, two; ovpov, urine], QH-NjOj -)- 

 H..O. A compound formed by exposing urea to a 



; high temperature for a long time. It is readily soluble 

 M 



in water and in alcohol ; it crystallizes with one molecule 

 of water in the form of warts and needles. When 

 anhydrous, biuret melts at 190 with decomposition. 

 B. Reaction, or Test. See Tests, Table of. 



Bivalence (bii/ -al-ens) [bi, two; valens, having power]. 

 In chemistry, a valence or saturating power that is 

 double that of the hydrogen atom. 



Bivalent (biv'-al-ent) [bi, two ; valens, having power] . 

 In chemistry, applied to an element of which an atom 

 can replace two atoms of hydrogen or other univalent 

 element, or to a radical that has the same valence as a 

 bivalent atom. 



Bivalve (bi'-vah>) [bi, two ; valva, a valve] . Having 

 two valves or shells, as a mollusc or a speculum. 



Biventer (bi---en'-ter) [bi, two ; venter, a belly]. Hav- 

 ing two bellies, as a muscle. B. cervicis, the inner 

 portion of the complexus muscle. B. maxillae, the 

 digastricus muscle. 



Biventral (bi-veti'-tral) [bi, two ; ventrum,a. stomach]. 

 Having two stomachs ; having two bellies ; as a digas- 

 tric muscle. 



Bixin (biks'-in) [Bixa, a genus of plants], CjgHjgO.j. 

 An orange-red coloring-matter found in Annatto. See 

 Pigments, Conspectus of. 



Bizygomatic (bi-zi-go-mat'-ik) [bi, two; C,iyuua, the 

 zygomatic arch]. Relating to the most prominent 

 points on the two zygomatic arches. 



Bizzozero's Blood-plates. See Blood-plates. B. 

 Method, a method of studying blood-plaques: A 

 drop of a three-quarter per cent, sodium chlorid 

 solution with one part of a concentrated aqueous 

 solution of methyl violet for every 5000 of salt solu- 

 tion, is placed on the finger, which is then punctured. 

 The blood and solution are mixed on the finger. 



Bjeloussow's Gum Arabic and Borax Mass. For 

 injecting tissues. Take one part, by weight, of gum 

 arabic and make a syrupy solution in water. Take a 

 half part, by weight, of sodium biborate and make a 

 solution in water. Mix the two solutions, when a 

 mass resembling gelatin will be obtained. This mass, 

 which is almost insoluble in water, is rubbed up with 

 water and forcibly strained through linen. Repeat 

 the operation, when a solution miscible in all propor- 

 tions with water is obtained. This may be colored by 

 carmin or any pigment except cadmium and cobalt. 



Black (blak) [AS., blcec]. Absence of color or light. 

 The appearance of an object from whose surface none 

 of the spectrum colors is reflected. B. Alder. See 

 Prinos. B. Antimony, antimonium tersulphid, Sb- 

 S 3 . B. Ash, the bark of Fraxinus sambucifolia, a 

 mild tonic and astringent. Dose of fid. ext. jj ss—j. 

 Unof. B. Asphaltum. Same as Japan Black. B. 

 Birch. See Birch. B. Blood, venous blood. B. 

 Cancer. See Melanosis. B. Cohosh. See Cimici- 

 fuga. B.-damp, carbon dioxid gas, which is found 

 in greater or less quantity in all collieries, being given 

 off" by many coals, either mixed with fire-damp, or 

 separately, or produced in various other ways, as by 

 the exhalations of the men, by fires, and by explo- 

 sions of fire-damp. Also called choke-damp. B. 

 Death. See Plague. B. Disease, I. A disease 

 of malarial origin and pernicious course, character- 

 ized by extreme darkening of the skin, which may 

 be brown or black in color. It occurs in the Garo 

 Hills in Assam. 2. See Aubemage. B. Draught. 

 See Senna. B. Drop. See Opium. B. Erysipe- 

 las. Synonym of Anthrax. B. Eye, livor (or 

 sugillatio) oculi. See Ecchymosis. B. Haw. See 

 Viburnum. B.-head. See Comedo. B. Hellebore. 

 See Hellebore. B. Hoarhound. See Ballota. B. 

 Induration. See Induration. B. Infiltration. See 

 Miner's Phthisis. B. Jaundice, an excessive jaun- 



