BLOODLESS 



214 



BLUMENBACH, CLIVUS OF 



known as hemoglobin, and is said to be due to minute 

 quantities of the salts of iron. B.-cure, the therapeutic 

 employment of fresh blood, mainly that of bullocks. 



Ideal Transverse Section of a Human Red Blood- 

 corpuscle (magnified 500 times). 

 a, b, diameter ; c, d, thickness. {After Landois.) 



B. -crystals, crystals of a substance known as hema- 

 toidin. B., Defibrinated, freshly shed blood that has 

 been beaten with a glass rod or tongs until the fibrin 

 has all adhered to the rod in the form of a solid, 

 fibrous, yellowish-white, elastic mass. B. -flower. 

 See Asclepias. B. -fluke. See Bilharzia Hematobia. 

 B., Gases of, certain gases given off when blood is 

 exposed to the vacuum produced by an air-pump. 

 They are carbonic acid, nitrogen, and oxygen, and 

 constitute about half of the volume of the blood. 

 B. -globules. Same as B. -corpuscles. B.-heat, a 

 temperature varying from 98 to loo° F. B. -islands, 

 a term applied to the groups of corpuscles developed 

 during the first days of embryonic life, within the 

 large branched cells of the mesoblast. B., Loss of. 

 See Hemorrhage. B.-mole, in obstetrics, a mole 

 consisting of the decidua only, interspersed with effu- 

 sions of blood, the fetus having been expelled. B.- 

 plaque. See B. -platelets. B. -plasma, the liquor 

 sanguinis, or fluid part of the blood. B. -plate. See 

 B. -platelets. B. -platelets ; besides the red and col- 

 orless corpuscles, the blood contains smaller formed 

 elements, concerning which there are many theories 

 and names. Hayem describes Hematoblasts ; Pouches 

 describes Globulins; Max Schultze, Kornchen (ele- 

 mentary bodies) ; Bizzozero, Blut-plattchen, or Blood- 

 platelets. They are circular or oval, light gray, and in 

 human blood destitute of nuclei. They are from I to 

 1.3 n in size, there being from 18,000 to 300,000 

 in the cubic millimeter. B. -poisoning, a common 

 term denoting any ailment arising from the intro- 

 duction of decomposing organic matter or putrefac- 

 tive germs into the blood. See Anthrax, Pyemia 

 and Septicemia. B. -pressure, the force of compres- 

 sion exerted by the blood upon the walls of the vessels 

 under the influence of the heart's action, the elastic 

 walls, etc. Various instruments have been devised to 

 estimate the amount of this pressure, the Hemadynamo- 

 meter of Poiseuille, Ludwig's Kymograph, Pick's 

 Spring /Cymograph, v. Basch's Sphygmomanometer, the 

 Graduated Sphygmograph, Manometer, etc. B.-root. 

 See Sanguinaria. B.-shot, extravasated with blood. 

 B. -spavin. See, Spavin. B. -stone. See Conspectus 

 of Pigments, under Pigment. B. -striking. Synonym 

 of Anthrax. See also Black-leg. B. -tablet. See 

 Blood-plate. B. -tumor. See Hematoma. B. -ves- 

 sel, a tube-like structure for conveying the blood 

 through the body. Cf. Artery and Vein. 

 Bloodless (blud'-les) [ME., blood]. Without blood. 

 B. Operations, surgical operations, such as amputa- 

 tions, in which the member is so bandaged by com- 

 presses and elastic bands that the blood is expelled 

 and kept from the part to be operated upon. 

 Bloodletting (blud- letting) [ME., blood; leten\ The 

 artificial abstraction of blood from the body. B., Gen- 

 eral, venesection or phlebotomy ; it acts by reducing 

 the heart's action and diminishing the quantity of 

 blood. It is occasionally used with excellent results in 



pneumonia, sunstroke, etc. B., Local or Topical. 

 See Cupping, Leeching or Scarification. It is useful in 

 certain inflammatory conditions. 



Bloody (blud'-e) [ME., blood. .] Having the nature of, 

 or filled with blood. B. Flux. See Dysentery. B. 

 Milk. See Red Milk Bacillus and Bacteria, Syno- 

 nymatic, Table of. B. Murrain. Synonym of 

 Anthrax. B. Sweat. See Ephidrosis. 



Bloom (blunt) [ME., blom, a blossom]. I. A blossom. 

 2. A state of health. 3. See Lubricating Oils. 



Blossom (bios' -um)\_ ME., blossome,a flower]. In biology, 

 (1) the flower of a plant ; (2) to put forth flowers. 



Blotch (block) [origin uncertain]. A pimple or blain ; 

 a small discolored patch of skin ; a group of small 

 pustules. 



Blow (bio) [AS., blovan]. I. To pant. 2. To deposit 

 eggs upon, as flies. 



Blowing Sound. See Bellows Murmur. 



Blown (plon) [ME., blowen]. In farriery, with the 

 stomach distended from gorging with food. B. Meat, 

 meat that has been blown up with air in order to give 

 it a white color and to hide defects in its condition. 



Blow-pipe (blo'-plp). A cylindrical tube, from twelve 

 to eighteen inches long, about half an inch in diame- 

 ter at one end, and gradually tapering to a fine point 

 or nozzle, which may be straight or bent at a right 

 angle ; it is used in directing the flame of a lamp in a 

 fine conical tongue. B., Automaton, in dentistry, a 

 blow-pipe especially designed for crown and bridge- 

 work, into which the air is admitted and conducted 

 through a small tube to the upper end of another 

 which admits illuminating gas. The supply of both 

 air and gas is regulated by the presssure of the thumb 

 or fingers on the rubber tubes of the appliance. B., 

 Oxyhydrogen, an apparatus for producing intense 

 heat by burning hydrogen or illuminating gas at the 

 end of a mixing nozzle. 



Bloxam's Test. See Tests, Table of. 



Blue (plod) [ME., blew]. One of the colors of the 

 spectrum. B., Alexandria. Same as Egyptian Blue. 

 B.-Baby, a child with blue disease. B. -bottle.- See 

 Centaurea. B. Blindness, acyanopsia. B. Cohosh. 

 See Caulophyllum. B. Disease, cyanosis of the 

 new-born, due frequently to congenital disease of 

 the heart. This usually consists in constriction of 

 the pulmonary artery with deficiency in the septum 

 of the ventricles, the aorta communicating with 

 the right ventricular cavity. See Cyanopathy. B. 

 Flag. See Iris. B. Gentian, the root of Gentian a 

 catesbcei, tonic and stomachic. Dose of fld. ext. 

 m„ x-xl. Unof. B. Gum. See Gingival. B. Gum 

 Tree. See Eucalyptus. B. Cardinal Flower. 

 Synonym of Lobelia syphilitica. B. Edema, a puffed 

 and bluish appearance of the limb sometimes seen in 

 hysterical paralysis. B. Jaundice. See Acleitocar- 

 dia. B. Line. See Lead Line. B. Malachite. 

 Same as Azurite. B. Mass. See Hydrargyrum. 

 B.-milk Bacillus, Bacillus cyanogenus; it imparts a 

 blue color to milk and renders it irritating to the 

 stomach and intestine. See Bacteria, Swonymatit 

 Table of. B. Ocher. See Conspectus of Pigments 

 under Pigment. B. Ointment. See Hydrargyrum. 

 B. Pill. See Hydrargyrum. B., Prussian. See 

 Pigment. B. Stick. Same as B. Stone. B. Stone. 

 See Copper and B. Vitriol. B. Verditer. Same as 

 Bremen Blue. B. Vervain. See Verbena. B. 

 Vitriol. See Conspectus of Pigments, under Pigment. 



Blues (bloos) [ME., blew], A popular name for short 

 periods of mental depression; they are usually asso- 

 ciated with indigestion. 



Blumenbach, Clivus of. See Clivus. B., Plane of. 

 See Plane. 



