BREGMATO-COTYLOID 



236 



BRIGHT'S DISEASE 



Bregmato-cotyloid (dreg' '-mat-o-kot' '-il-oid) [fipeyua, 

 the sinciput; kotv/.t/, a socket; eufog, form]. With 

 the bregma toward the cotyloid depression (acetabu- 

 lum) of the mother's pelvis ; a term used in obstetrics. 



Bregmatodymia {breg-mat-o-dim' -e-ah) [Jpiypa, the 

 sinciput ; didv/xoc, twin]. Teratic union of twins by 

 the bregmata. 



Bregmato-posterior (breg* ' -mat-o-pos-te' '-re-or) [ftpb/ua, 

 the sinciput; posterius, backward]. Having the 

 bregma toward the rear of the mother's pelvis ; a 

 term used in obstetrics. 



Bremen (brem'-en) [Ger.]. A town in Germany. B. 

 Blue. See Conspectus of Pigments, under Pigment. 

 B. Green. See Conspectus of Pigments, under Pig- 

 ment. 



Bremer's Test for Diabetic Blood. Diabetic blood- 

 corpuscles stained with eosin for ten minutes in an oven 

 at 35° C. yield a greenish yellow tint ; in normal blood 

 the color is brownish. 



Bremond's Method. See Treatment, Methods of. 



Brenner's Formula. The feeble tone heard when 

 the anode is opened in galvanic stimulation of the 

 auditory nerve. This tone corresponds with the reson- 

 ance fundamental tone of the sound- conducting appar- 

 atus of the ear itself. 



Brephalus [bref'-al-us) [{3pe<pog, the new-born babe or 

 young]. In biology, applied to the young of a 

 crustacean just as it quits the ovum, in whatever 

 stage. Bates's substitute for larva. 



Brephopolysarcia (brefo-pol-e-sar f -ke-ah) [ftpetyog, an 

 infant; Tro?ivg, much ; oapi;, flesh]. Excess of flesh 

 in an infant. 



Brephotrophium (bref-o-tro-fe' -uni) [fiped>og, infant ; 

 rpitieiv, to nourish]. An infant-asylum ; a foundling- 

 hospital. 



Breschet, Canals of. See Canal. B., Sinus of, the 

 spheno-parietal sinus. See Sinus. B.'s Veins. See 

 Vein. 



Bresgen's Formulae. Silver-nitrate powders of vary- 

 ing strengths, with powdered starch, for use in 

 rhinitis. 



Breslau Fever. See Fever. B. Test. See Birth. 



Breve extensor digitorum (brev-e-eks-ten' -sor dig-it-o f - 

 rtim) [L.]. The extensor brevis digitorum. See 

 Muscles, Table of. 



Brevicaudate (brev-e-kaw'-ddt) [brevis, short ; cauda, 

 tail]. In biology, short-tailed. 



Breviductor (brev-e-duk f -tor) [L.]. The adductor 

 brevis muscle of the thigh. See Muscles, Table of. 



Breviflexor (brev-e-fleks'-or) [L.]. Any short, flexor 

 muscle. 



Brevifoliate (brev-e-fo' '-le-dt) [brevis, short ; folium, a 

 leaf]. In biology, short-leaved. 



Brevilingual (brev-e-ling 1 '-gwal) [brevis, short ; lingua, 

 a tongue]. In biology, short-tongued. 



Breviped (brev' -e-ped) [brevis, short; pes, a foot]. In 

 biology, short- footed. 



Brevipen [brev' -e-pen) [brevis, short; penna, a wing]. 

 In biology, short-winged. 



Brevirostrate (brev-e-ros' -trdt) [brevis, short ; rostrum, 

 a beak. In biology, short-billed. 



Brevissimus oculi (brev-iz' -em-us ok'-u-li) [L.]. The 

 shortest muscle of the eye ; the obliquus inferior. See 

 Muscles, Table of. 



Brewcke's Test. See Tests, Table of 



Briancon Manna (bre-an-sdn f man' -ah). A kind of 

 manna from the twigs of the European larch-tree. 



Bribosia's Operation. See Operations, Table of. 



Brick-Dust Deposit (brik' -dust de-pos' -it). A lateriti- 

 ous sediment from urine. 



Bricklayers' Itch (brik-la' -erz ich). Eczema due to 

 irritation of lime mortar. 



Brick-makers' Anemia. See Ankylostomiasis. 



Bridge (brij) [ME., brigge\ I. The upper ridge of the 

 nose formed by the union of the two nasal bones. 2. 

 In electricity, an apparatus for measuring the resist- 

 ance of a conductor. B. Coloboma. See Coloboma. 

 B., Herpetic, a term for Fascicular Keratitis, q. v. 

 B. of Nose, the prominent ridge formed by the 

 nasal bones. B. of Varolius, the pons Varolii. 

 B.-Work, in dentistry, the adaptation of artificial 

 crowns of teeth to and over spaces made by the loss of 

 natural teeth, by connecting such crowns to natural 

 teeth or roots for anchorage by means of a bridge, and 

 thereby dispensing with plates covering more or less of 

 the roof of the mouth and the alveolar ridge. 



Bridle (bri'-dl) [ME., brideT\. i. A Frenum, q. v. 

 2. A band or filament stretching across the lumen of a 

 passage, or from side to side of an ulcer, scar, or ab- 

 scess. B. Stricture, a stricture due to the presence 

 of a bridle traversing the caliber of the urethra. 



Brieger, Bacillus of. See Bacteria, Synonymatic 

 Table of. B.'s Method, a method of separating 

 ptomaines from a putrefying mass. 



Briggs's Operation. See Operations, Table of. 



Brightic (brlt'-ik) [Bright, an English physician]. A 

 person suffering from Bright's disease. 



Bright's Disease (brlts dis-ez f ) [Bright, an English 

 physician]. A name formerly incorrectly used as a 

 synonym of albuminuria, and at present covering 

 several forms of disease of the kidney associated with 

 albumin in the urine. It may be acute [acute parenchy- 

 matous nephritis) or chronic (which includes chronic 

 parenchymatous nephritis, granular contraction of the 

 kidneys, and albuminoid degeneration of the kidneys). 

 Bright's disease is considered by Fothergill as 

 a secondary condition arising from a tendency to- 

 ward the reversion to that preanthropic type in which 

 the liver performed the additional office of excreting 

 uric acid. Acute Bright's Disease is sudden in its 

 onset, and is associated with chills, headache, back- 

 ache, vomiting, and edema, especially marked in the 

 eyelids and the cheeks. The urine is scanty or even 

 suppressed, of a dark, smoky hue, and contains a large 

 amount of albumin, and blood. Microscopically, blood- 

 corpuscles, renal epithelium, debris, and hyalin, epi- 

 thelial, and blood-casts are found, and occasionally, 

 also, granular casts. Occasionally the glomeruli of the 

 kidney are the seat of the most marked changes, and 

 to this condition the term " glomerulo-nephritis " has 

 been given. The most frequent cause of acute 

 Bright's disease is exposure to cold. It is often a com- 

 plication of the specific fevers, especially scarlet fever. 

 Death frequently results from uremia or cardiac failure, 

 or the disease may assume a chronic form. Chronic 

 Bright's Disease embraces, as has been said, three 

 distinct diseases of the kidney. Chronic parenchy- 

 matous nephritis, usually following an acute at- 

 tack, is also known as chronic tubal and chronic 

 desquamative nephritis, and from its size and pallor, 

 the kidney resulting from the disease is called the 

 " large white kidney,'''' The capsule peels off readily 

 and leaves a smooth or very slightly granular sur- 

 face. The tubules are most involved in the change ; 

 they are enlarged and distended with proliferated 

 and swollen epithelial cells. There is some thick- 

 ening of the interstitial tissue, as a rule. This large 

 kidney is prone to undergo degenerative changes, 

 the protoplasm of the cells in the tubules break- 

 ing down into an amorphous debris. The kidney 

 shrinks, and at the same time undergoes an increase in 

 the interstitial tissue, forming what is known as the 

 " small white kidney.' 7 Granular contraction of the 

 kidney is also known as chronic interstitial nephritis, 



