CHAMOMILE 



284 



CHEDDAR CHEESE 



Chamomile (kam , -o-mll). See Anthemis and Matri- 

 caria. 



Chamoprosopic (kam-o-pro-so' -pik) [xafiai, on the 

 ground; wpdouwov, face]. See Chameprosopic. 



Champagne (sham-pan') [Fr.]. An effervescent wine 

 (see Vinum), sometimes prescribed as a remedy for 

 nausea and vomiting. For Champagnes see Wines. 



Champak (chan^ -pah) [Beng. , champaka]. A magno- 

 liaceous tree of India and Indo-China, Michelia 

 champaca. Its highly-fragrant flowers are used for 

 nasal catarrhs and for headaches and eye-disorders ; 

 its bark is febrifuge and emmenagogue. See Michelia. 

 Unof. 



Chancebone (chans f -bon). A name for the ischium. 



Chancre (shang r -ker) [Fr. , same]. A term formerly 

 used indiscriminately for any primary venereal ulcer, 

 but now generally conceded to signify the initial lesion 

 of syphilis, a true infecting sore, followed by constitu- 

 tional symptoms (see Syphilis) ; while chancroid is 

 employed to designate the infectious but non-consti- 

 tutional sore. C, Hard, Hunterian, Indurated, 

 Infecting, Non-suppurating, or True, the ulcer of 

 venereal origin, that is followed by constitutional 

 syphilis. C, Non-incubatory, Non-infecting, 

 Simple, or Soft, a contagious, suppurating, non- 

 syphilitic venereal ulcer, properly called chancroid. 

 C., Phagedenic, chancroid with a tendency to ero- 

 sion. C, Serpiginous, a variety of the last that 

 spreads superficially in curved lines. 



Chancroid (shang / -kroid) [chancre"]. A local, infective 

 process transmitted by sexual intercourse, and charac- 

 terized by ulceration, local glandular involvement, 

 and often suppuration. It has been variously termed 

 the soft, non-indurated, simple, or non-syphilitic 

 chancre. See Chancre. 



Change (chanj) [ME., changen, to change]. Death. 



The word is colloquially used either for the establish- 



•ment or the cessation of the menstrual function. C. of 



Life, the cessation of the catamenia ; the menopause. 



Channel-bone (chan' '-el-don) [ME., chattel, m canal ; 

 boon, a bone]. The clavicle. 



Chantreuil's Method. In pelvimetry, a method of 

 ascertaining the distance between the tuberosities of 

 the ischia (il cm.) in estimating the size of the pelvic 

 outlet. The. two thumbs are placed upon the tuberosi- 

 ties, and an assistant measures the distance between 

 them. 



Chap (chap) [ME., chappen, to cleave]. I. The jaw 

 (usually in the pi.). 2. A slight or superficial fissure 

 of the skin, usually upon the lips, hands, or nipples. 



Chaptalization (chap-tal-iz-a / -shun) . A method of 

 improving wines consisting in neutralizing the excess 

 of acidity in the must by the addition of marble-dust, 

 and increasing the saccharine content by the addition 

 of a certain quantity of cane-sugar. The wine 

 becomes richer in alcohol, poorer in acid, and the 

 bouquet is not injured. 



Charbon (shar' -bon) [Fr ]. The French term for 

 anthrax, or pustula maligna. 



Charcoal (chat^-kol) [ME., charcole]. Coal made by 

 subjecting wood to a process of smothered combustion. 

 See Carbo animalis and Carbo ligni. 



Charcot Pain. Pain in the ovarian region. 



Charcot's Disease, Sclerose en plaques. Disseminated, 

 multiple, or insular sclerosis. See Diseases, Table of. 

 C.'s Joint, or Joint Disease. See Arthropathia and 

 Diseases, Table of . C.-Leyden Crystals, microscopic, 

 colorless, octahedral or rhomboidal crystals found in 

 the intestinal tract in leukemic and anemic patients 

 and in the sputum of asthmatic and bronchitic patients ; 

 so called by Blunder. Same as Charcot- Neumann 

 Crystals. See Spermin. C.'s Method. See Hypno- 



tism. C. -Neumann Crystals. See Spermin. C.- 

 Robin Crystals, crystals forming upon leukemic 

 blood when allowed to stand exposed for a few days. 

 C.'s Vibrating Arm-chair. See Shaking Cure. 



Charlatan (shar 1 '-lat-an) [Sp., charlar, to prattle]. A 

 quack ; a pretender to medical skill ; an advertising 

 doctor. 



Charlatanoid (shar'-lat-an-oid) [Sp.. charlar, to 

 prattle]. A term applied to an organism so closely 

 resembling a charlatan as at times to be almost in- 

 distinguishable. 



Charles's Law. See Law. 



Charpie (shar'-pe) [carpere, to pluck]. Picked or 

 shredded lint ; linen shreds for dressing wounds. 



Charqui (char f -ke) [Chilian] . A name given in South 

 America to strips and slices of beef freed from fat and 

 dried rapidly by sun-heat and sprinkled with maize. 



Charriere's Guillotine. An instrument for excising 

 the tonsils. See Operations , Table of. 



Charta (kar'-tah) [x&P TJ ]Q, paper : gen. and pi., Charta], 

 A paper. In pharmacy, a strip of paper as an excip- 

 ient, the fibers of which are impregnated with the 

 prescribed medicinal substance. Also a wrapper for 

 holding powders or medicines. Of the three official 

 chartce, two are intended as vesicants. C. epispas- 

 tica, or C. cantharidis, blistering-paper. C. em- 

 poretica, porous or bibulous paper. C. exploratoria, 

 test-paper. C. sinapis, mustard-paper. 



Chartreuse (shar-trez f ) [Fr.]. A tonic cordial, ob- 

 tained by distillation from various plants growing on 

 the Alps. 



Chartula (kart f -u-lah) [dim. of charta"]. A little paper, 

 especially a paper containing a single dose of a medic- 

 inal powder. 



Chasma (haz'-mah), or Chasmus (kaz'-mus) [xaafidq, 

 a gaping]. A yawn. 



Chassaignac's Operations. See Operations, Table of. 



Chaste Tree (chast tre). See Agnus castus. 



Chaulmugra Oil (chawl-moog f -rah) [E. Ind.]. A 

 fixed oil expressed from the seeds of Gynocardia odor- 

 ata, a tree native to the E. Indies. It is soluble in 

 alcohol, and its properties are due to gynocardic acid. 

 It is thought to be useful in leprosy and is recom- 

 mended in scaly eczema, psoriasis, and syphilitic skin- 

 affections. For external use, gr. xx of the acid ad 

 ^j of petrolatum. Internally, dose gtt. v-x of the 

 oil, or gr. ss-iij of the acid, in capsules. All unof. 



Chaussier, Line of. See Lines, Table of 



Chautard's Test. See Tests, Table of. 



Chauvel's Operation. See Operations, Table of. 



Chavibetol (chav-e-be' -tol) [chavica, or piper ; betel], 

 C 10 H 12 O 21 . A substance isomeric with eugenol ; it 

 occurs in oil of betel. 



Chavica (chav f -ik-ah) [native South Sea Island name]. 

 A genus of plants including the long pepper and betel- 

 pepper. 



Chavicin (chai/ -is-in) [chavica, a genus of plants]. An 

 organic basic principle analogous to piperin, found in 

 pepper. 



Chavicol (chav* '-ik-ol) [chavica, a genus of plants], 

 C fi H 4 OH.C s H 5 . A substance occurring in the oil 

 obtained from the leaves of Chavica betel. It is a 

 colorless oil with a peculiar odor, and boils at 237 ; 

 its sp. gr. at 20 is 1. 035. 



Chawstick (chaw'-stik). See Chewstick. 



Check (chek) [ME., chek, a sudden stop]. Something 

 restraining. C. -experiment. See Control. C- 

 ligament. See Ligament. C.-observation. See 

 Control. 



Checker-berry (chek'-er-ber'-e). A popular name for 

 Gaultheria procumbens. , 



Cheddar Cheese. See Cheese. 



