CHEEK 



285 



CHEMOSIS 



Jheek (chih) [ME., cheke\. The side of the face ; it 

 is composed of fat, areolar tissue, muscles, etc. 



Cheese [ckH\ [ME., chase]. A food prepared from the 

 casein of skimmed or unskimmed milk. In the fol- 

 lowing table the results of the researches of Payen on 

 the composition of cheese are quoted in loo parts for 

 the following kinds: (i) Brie, (2) Camembert, (3) 

 Roquefort, (4) Double cream, (5) Old Neufchatel, 

 (6) New Neufchatel, (7) Cheshire, (8) Gruyere, (9) 

 Ordinary Dutch, (10) Parmesan. The varieties under 

 I, exhibit an alkaline reaction, and contain, with 

 ammonia, cryptogamic plants, or, as it is termed, are 

 moldy. The varieties under II, so-called boiled, 

 strongly pressed, and salted cheese, exhibit an acid 

 reaction, as also does freshly prepared casein. 



The character of a few of the different varieties of 

 cheese is as follows : Neufchatel cheese is a Swiss 

 cream cheese. Limburger cheese is a soft, fat cheese. 

 Fromage de Brie is a soft French cheese, rapidly ripen- 

 ing and developing ammoniacal compounds. Camem- 

 bert cheese is also a cream cheese. Roquefort cheese 

 is a cheese made from the milk of the ewe. Gruyere 

 cheese is a peculiarly flavored Swiss cheese. Ched- 

 dar cheese is a hard cheese made from whole 

 milk. Single and double Gloucester are made, 

 the first from a mixture of skimmed and entire 

 milk , and the second from the entire milk. Parmesan 

 cheese is a very dry cheese, with a large amount of 

 casein and only a moderate percentage of fat. Eidam 

 cheese is a Dutch cheese, also relatively dry, and 



covered with red coloring. As to the bacillus of 

 cheese see Spirillum tyrogenum, Denecke, under 

 Bacteria, Table of. 



Cheese-rennet (chez'-ren-et). See Ladies' Bed-straw. 



Cheesy [chiz'-e) [ME. , chese ]. Of the nature of cheese. 

 C. Degeneration, caseous degeneration, or caseation. 

 C. Tubercle, a mass of caseously degenerated 

 tissue. 



Cheil-, or Cheilo- {htl-, or kil'-o-). For words thus 

 beginning see Chil-, or Chilo-. 



Cheiro- {klr'-o). For words thus beginning see Chiri-. 



Chekan, or Cheken (che^-en) [Chilian]. I. The 

 leaves of Eugenia cheken, a South American shrub. 

 Its properties are due to an alkaloid and a volatile oil. 

 It is diuretic and expectorant and similar in action to 

 eucalyptus. It is serviceable in chronic catarrh, laryn- 

 gitis, etc. Dose of the fluid extract 3 ss-j. Unof. 2. 

 The crude resin obtained from Cannabis indica. 



Chela (ke'-lah) \jcf/jj, a claw]. In biology, the claw 

 or pincers of a crustacean. 



Chelicera (ke-lis' -er-ah) \_xiftJi, a claw; idpag, a horn]. 

 In biology, a claw-like appendage of scorpions and 

 spiders, containing a poison-gland in the latter. 



Chelidonic Acid {kel-id-on'-ik). See Acid. 



Chelidonin {kel-id-o' -nin) [;^e/t<5diwi', celandine], C 19 - 

 Hj.NjOj -\- H 2 0, or C 19 H 17 N0 4 . A crystalline alkaloid 

 of celandin [Chelidonium majus), of a bitter and acrid 

 taste, and forming colorless salts with acids. It is not 

 a very active substance. See Sanguinarin. 



Chelidonium (kel-id-o / -ne-um) [^e/vAmov, celandine]. 

 Celandin. The leaves and stems of C. majus, with 

 properties due to a number of alkaloids and acids. It 

 is a drastic cathartic, and externally an irritant, and is 

 of service in jaundice, whooping-cough, and catarrhal 

 pneumonia. Dose of the plant gr. x-xxx ; of the 

 juice TT\v-xx. Unof. 



Chelidoxanthin (kel-id-oks-an' -thin) [;reA/<5ov«w, celan- 

 dine] . One of the bitter, crystalline constituents of 

 celandin. 



Cheloid {ke'-loid) [xv'/fl, a claw; eldoc, form]. A raised 

 or elevated fibroma of the skin ; so called from its fre- 

 quent claw-shape. See also Keloid. 



Cheloma (he-lo'-mah). Same as Keloid. 



Chelonin (kel'-on-in). See Balmony. 



Chelotomy (he-lof-o-me). See Kelotomy. 



Chematropism [kem-atf -ro-pizm). See Chemotrcpism, 

 and Chemotaxis. 



Chernic, Chemical [kem'-ik, kem'-ik-al) \jxjiftzla, 

 chemistry]. Of or pertaining to chemistry. C. Black. 

 See Pigments, Conspectus of. C. Food, compound 

 syrup of the phosphates, a very complex preparation 

 used in disorders attended with impaired nutrition. C. 

 Lung. See Neale's Lung. C. Pathology, the 

 chemistry of disease. 



Chemico-radical Theory. A theory of the constitution 

 of the carbon compounds. It is that the object of 

 organic chemistry is the investigation and isolation of 

 radicals as the more intimate components of the organic 

 compounds. 



Chemiotaxis, Chimiotaxis [hem' ' -e-o-taks-is , kim'-e-o- 

 taks-is). See Chemotaxis. 



Chemise, Rectal (she-mez'). A form of surgical 

 dressing made of muslin and applied after operations 

 upon the rectum to control or prevent hemorrhage. 



Chemism [kem'-izm) [x^l^'^f chemistry]. Chemic 

 force. 



Chemistry [hem' '-is-tre) \_x>)[ie'ui, chemistry]. The sci- 

 ence of the molecular and atomic structure of bodies. 



Chemocephalus [kem-o-sef -al-us) [^a/«w, low ; K£<paXr/, 

 head]. An individual possessed of a flat head. 



Chemosis [he-mo* -sis) [^/mjcyc, a gaping]. Conjunc- 

 tival and sub-conjunctival swelling. 



