

CLEAVAGE 



303 



CLINICIST 



parent after dehydration. It must be miscible with the 

 mounting medium. A very satisfactory and generally 

 applicable mixture is the following : Carbolic acid crys- 

 tals 4 parts, rectified oil of turpentine 6 parts. 



Cleavage (kle'-vaj) [ME. , eleven] . I . The linear clefts 

 in the skin indicating the general direction of the 

 fibers. They govern to a certain extent the arrange- 

 ment of the lesions in skin-diseases. The lines of 

 cleavage run, for the most part, obliquely to the axis 

 of the trunk, sloping from the spine downward and 

 forward ; in the limbs they are mostly transverse to 

 their longitudinal axis. 2. A mode of cell-division. 



Cleavers ,k!e f -verz). See Galium aparine. 



Cleft [kleft) [ME., clift]. I. A fissure ; crevice. 2. 

 The crotch, or point of junction of the legs. 3. In 

 botany, divided half-way, as a leaf. C. Face. See 

 Schistoprosopia. C. , Ocular, a fissure in the embryo, 

 leading from the mouth to the eye. It is situated 

 between the frontonasal process and the superior 

 maxillary plate. C, Olfactory. See Olfactory. C. 

 Palate, a congenital malformation of the palate, 

 usually occurring with hare-lip. C. Sternum, con- 

 genital fissure of the sternum. C, Visceral, or 



; Branchial. The four slit-like openings on each side in 

 the cervical region in the fetus, sometimes called the 

 Branchial openings. The slits close (in the human 

 fetus), except the upper, from which are developed 

 the auditory meatus, tym panic cavity and Eustachian 

 tube. See Branchial Clefts. 



leidal (kli'-dal) [k/.«'c, clavicle]. Relating to the 

 clavicle ; clavicular. 

 Ueido- [kli'-do-) \_K/.Eic the clavicle]. A prefix, mean- 

 ing a relation to the clavicle, 

 ileido-hyoid {kli f -do-hi' -oid) [atae/c, clavicle ; voeidfc, 

 shaped like the letter upsilon]. Relating to the clav- 

 icle and the hyoid. 

 ^leido-mastoid (Mi' -do-mas' -toid) [kA«/c, the clavicle ; 

 le breast; eldoc, like]. Pertaining to the 

 clavicle and to the mastoid process, 

 leistocarp (itis'-to-karp) [iOxigtSc, that may be 

 closed; Kapirdc, fruit]. In biology, an ascocarp in 

 which the spores are completely enclosed and from 

 which they escape by the rupturing of its walls, 

 leistogamy (khs-tog' -am-e) [ksxiot6c, that may be 

 closed; yauoc, marriage]. In biology, self-fertiliza- 

 tion in closed flowers. 



leithrophobia (kli-thro-ft/be-ah) [ns.Eidpov, a bolt ; 

 oo,3oc, fear]. Same as Claustrophobia, but a better 

 formed word. 



•ematin (klem' -at-ih) \_iO.Tifiarig, clematis]. An 

 alkaloid from Clematis z-italba. 



ematis (hlem'-at-is) [K/j)uaric, clematis]. A genus 

 of ranunculaceous plants of many species, most of 

 which are acrid or poisonous. C. corymbosa is 

 powerfully irritant and resistant. C. crispa and C. 

 erecta are diuretic and diaphoretic, and are said to be 

 antisyphilnic. C. viorna, C. virginica, and C. 

 vitalba are similar in properties to C. erecta. 

 emens' Solution. See Arsenium. 

 emot's Operation. See Operations, Table of. 

 eptomania \ klep-to-ma' -ne-ah). See Kleptomania. 

 eptophobia (klep-to-fc/ -be-ah) . See Kleptophobia. 

 ergyman's Sore-Throat. A chronic hypertrophic 

 orm of pharyngitis, with more or less enlargement of 

 he tonsils and lymph-follicles of the posterior wall, 

 lue to excessive and improper use of the voice. 

 Dysphonia clericorum. See also Pharyngitis, 

 Granular. 



1 ^rk-Maxwell's Experiment. See Lowe's Ring. 

 ithrophobia {kleth-ro-fo> -be-ah) [K/.ifipov, a bar, bolt ; 

 'x>3oc, fear]. Same as Claustrophobia. 

 ' -venger's Fissure. See Fissures, Table cf. 



Clichy White. Same as White Lead. 



Clicking Sounds [klik'-ing soundz). Peculiar sharp 

 sounds heard' in auscultating the apex of a tuberculous 

 lung. They indicate the commencement of softening 

 in a tuberculous deposit. See Rale. 



Cliff-Rose (klif'-roz). See Alonsenel. 



Climacteria {kli-mak-te 1 '-re-ah). Syn. of Menopause. 



Climacteric (kli-mak-ter'-ik, or kli-mak* -ter-ik) [iO.iu- 

 aKri/p, the round of a ladder]. A period of the life- 

 time at which the system was believed to undergo 

 marked changes. These were at yearly periods 

 divisible by seven. C. Age, puberty ; also in women 

 the time of cessation of the catamenia. C, Grand, 

 the 63d year, also the 81st year. C. Dentition. See 

 C. Teething. C. Insanity. See Insanity. C. 

 Teething, the development of teeth at a very late 

 period of life, after the loss of those of the second 

 dentition, and usually between the sixty-third and 

 eighty-first year, the grand climacteric years of the 

 Greek physiologists. 



Climate (kli'-mat) [nAi/xa , a region , or zone, of the earth] . 

 The sum of those conditions in any region or country 

 that relate to the air, the temperature, moisture, sun- 

 shine, winds etc., especially in so far as they concern 

 the health or comfort of mankind. Climate is an essen- 

 tial factor in the production of or modification of cer- 

 tain diseased conditions. This influence depends upon 

 the nearness of the country to large bodies of water, its 

 altitude above the sea-level, the peculiarities of its 

 atmosphere, the nature and composition of its soil and 

 subsoil, and the character of its vegetation. The most 

 equable climate is that of the ocean, and next from a 

 therapeutic point of view stands the sea-coast. The 

 climate of mountains is especially lauded for the treat- 

 ment of pulmonary disease. Its value consists in the 

 rarefaction of the atmosphere and the freedom from 

 particles and germs. Climate also plays an important 

 part in the management of hay-fever and other 

 diseases. 



Climatic (kli-maf-ik) \jO.lua, a region or zone of the 

 earth] . Pertaining to climate. 



Climatology (kli-mat-ol'-o-je) [lulua, climate, a clime; 

 /.oyoc, science]. The science of climate. 



Climatotherapy {kli-mat-o-ther* '-a-pe) \tuifia, clime ; 

 depa-reia, a waiting on]. The employment of clima- 

 tic measures in the treatment of disease. 



Climbing Staff-tree. False Bittersweet. The bark 

 of the root of Celastrus scandens, alterative, diuretic 

 and slightly narcotic. It has been advantageously 

 employed in syphilitic and scrofulous affections. Dose 

 of fid. ext. 3J-ij. Unof. See Celastrus. 



Clinandrium (klin-an' -dre-um) [k/jitj, a bed ; avrjp, a 

 man]. In biology, a cavity at the apex of the column 

 in orchids in which the anthers rest. This is also 

 called the Androclinium. 



Clinantheum {klin-an' -the-uni) \k/1vti, bed; avdoc, a 

 flower]. In biology, the receptacle of a composite 

 plant. 



Clinic (klin'-ik) [lOuvmoq , pertaining to a bed] . 1 . Medi- 

 cal instruction given at the bedside, or in the presence 

 of the patient whose symptoms are studied and whose 

 treatment is considered. 2. A gathering of instructors, 

 students, and patients, for the study and treatment of 

 disease. 



Clinical (klin'-ik-al) [k?jvik6c, pertaining to a bed]. 

 Relating to bedside treatment, or to a clinic. 



Clinician (klin-ish'-an) \kjjvik6c, pertaining to a bed]. 

 A physician whose opinions, teachings, and treatment 

 are based upon experience at the bedside ; a clinical 

 instructor ; one who practises medicine. 



Clinicist (klin'-isist) [kjjvikoc, pertaining to a bed]. 

 A clinician. 



