

CLYERS 



305 



COCAIN 



'lyers | kli'-erz). See Clire and Kernels. 



Uypeate (klip 1 e-at) [clypeus, a shield]. In biology, 



I like a buckler, 

 'lyster (kits' -ter) [k'/.vgt7)p, an injection]. An enema, 

 inemis (ne / -mis) [tcvrjuiq , a legging]. The tibia or 



shin-bone. 



nemitis (ne-mi'-tis) [Kviifitj, shin ; trig, inflammation]. 



Inflammation of the tibia. 



nicin I ni'-sin) [/oy/koc, a plant of the thistle kind], 



CmHjjO^. A crystalline bitter substance found in 

 "l Thistle. 



lidoblast (ni' -do-blast) [midr}, a nettle ; (3?.aor6g, a 



germ]. In biology, the budding thread-cell or urticat- 

 j ing cell. 



udocell (ni'-do-sel) [cnida, a nettle ; cella, a cell]. 



In biology, a lasso-cell, nematocyst, or urticaUng cell. 



lidocil tiii'-do-sil) \cnida, a nettle; cilium, an eye- 

 1 ash]. In biology, the thread of a nematocyst. 



.idophorous (nid-off'-or-us) \kv'l&t}, a nettle ; <pepetv, 

 o bear]. In biology, bearing lasso-cells or nemato- 



idosis (ni-dt/sis) [nvidrj, nettle]. Urtication ; net- 

 i le-rash. 



acervate (ko-as-en/ -at) \coacervare, to heap up], 

 n biology, clustered, bunched; said of grains or 



t ich (koch). See Quiz 

 C ichmen's Cramp. See Cramp. 

 C idnate ( ko-ad'-ndt ) \con , together ; adnatus, 

 ■ unched]. In biology, clustered. 



Iagulant (ko-ag'-u-lant) \_coagulare, to curdle]. I. 

 ausing the formation of a clot or coagulum. 2. A 

 Dagulating agent, 

 agulated (ko-ag / -u-la-ted) [coagulare, to curdle]. 

 tted; curdled. C. Proteids, a class of proteids 

 laced by heating solutions of egg albumin or 

 :i-albumin globulin suspended in water or dis- 

 ilved in saline solutions, up to 100 C. At the body- 

 mperature they are readily converted into peptones 

 y the action of the gastric juice in an acid, or of 

 increatic juice in an alkaline medium, 

 igulation ( ko-ag-u-la'-shttn) \coagulatio , a clot- 

 ig]. The formation of a coagulum or clot, as in 

 ood or in milk. 

 C gulative (ko-ag* '-u-la-tiv) [coagulare, to curdle]. 

 ;ng or marked by coagulation. C. Necrosis, 

 ■e Necrosis. 

 C gulum (ko-ag / -u-lutn) [coagulare, to curdle : //. , 

 vtgula~\. Clot. The mass of fibrin, enclosing red 

 t d colorless corpuscles and serum, that forms from 

 ; plasma of the blood after the latter has been 

 iwb from the body. Also, the curd of milk, and 

 f irm of albumin, 

 w! (kol) [ME., cole]. A solid and more or less 

 ; tinctly stratified mineral, varying in color from dark- 

 I )wn to black, brittle, combustible, and used as a fuel ; 

 t fusible without decomposition, and very insoluble. 

 . Anthracite, the hard variety of coal, used largely 

 a heating-agent. It contains but little hydrogen, 

 1 is mainly (over 90 percent.) composed of pure car- 



■ i- C, Bituminous, is black or grayish-black in 

 or, of a resinous luster, and somewhat friable, being 

 ily broken into cubical fragments of more or less 

 ularity ; upon ignition it burns with a yellow flame. 

 ien heated to bright redness in retorts or ovens, free 

 ; "n the access of air, the volatile matter, composed of 

 ' bon compounds of hydrogen and oxygen with water, 

 J ses off. It is used in the manufacture of gas. C, 

 v nnel is much more compact than gas or coking 

 f : Is, duller in appearance, possessing a grayish-black 

 >rown color, and burning with a clean candle-like 

 It does not soil the hands, and is not readily 



fractured. C, Brown, or Lignite, appears to occupy 

 an intermediate position between the bituminous coals 

 and wood. It retains the ligneous structure of the 

 material from which it is formed, hence the name 

 Lignite. The vegetable remains are in a great many 

 cases quite distinct. The color varies from yellowish- 

 brown in the earthy, to black in the more compact, 

 coal-like varieties. It does not yield coke. It is used 

 as fuel in some localities. Peat, or Turf, occurring in 

 large areas in Ireland and in some parts of Europe, 

 consists of the decayed remains of certain forms of 

 plants. It has been destructively distilled for tarry 

 products, without profit, however. C. -miner's Lung. 

 See Miner's Lung. C.-tar, a by-product in the 

 manufacture of illuminating gas ; it is a black, viscid 

 fluid of a characteristic and disagreeable odor. The 

 specific gravity ranges from 1. 10 to 1.20. Its compo- 

 sition is extremely complex, and its principal constitu- 

 ents are separated, one from the other, by means of 

 fractional distillation. C. -tar Colors. See Pigments, 

 Colors, and Dyestuffs. 



Coalescence (ko-al-es' -ens) [coalescere, to grow to- 

 gether]. The union of two or more parts or things. 



Coaptation (ko-ap-ta'-shun) [con, together; aptare, to 

 fit]. The proper union or adjustment of the ends of a 

 fractured bone, the lips of a wound, etc. 



Coarctate (ko-ark'-tdt) [coarclare, to press together]. 

 Crowded together. 



Coarctation (ko-ark-ta 1 '-shun) [coarctare, to put to- 

 gether]. A compression of the walls of a vessel or 

 canal, thus narrowing or closing the lumen ; reduction 

 of the normal or previous volume, as of the pulse ; 

 shrivelling and consequent detachment, as of the 

 retina. A stricture. 



Coarctotomy (ko-ark-tof -o-me) [coarctatus, constricted ; 

 riuveiv, to cut]. The cutting of a stricture. 



Coarse (kors) [ME. , course]. Not fine; gross. C. 

 Adjustment. See Adjustment. C. Features of 

 Disease, macroscopic organic lesions, such as tumor, 

 hemorrhage, etc. 



Coarticulation (ko-ar-tik-u-la' -shun) [con, together; 

 articulare, to join, articulate] . A synarthrosis. 



Coat (hot) [cottus, a tunic]. A cover, or membrane 

 covering a part or substance. C, Buffy, the upper 

 fibrinous layer of the clot of coagulated blood, marked 

 by its color, and absence of red-corpuscles. 



Coates's Operation. See Operations, Table of. 



Coating (kot'-ing) [cottus, a tunic]. A covering, as of 

 a wound, the tongue, etc. C. of the Tongue, a con- 

 dition of the tongue indicative of abnormality of the 

 digestive tract. C. of Pills, a covering of various sub- 

 stances to conceal the taste in swallowing. 



Cobalt (ko / -ba7<.'lt) [A'obold, a German mythologic 

 goblin]. A tough, heavy metal having some of the 

 general properties of iron. Its oxids have been em- 

 ployed in medicine, but are now very little used. See 

 Elements, Table of. C.-blue. See Pigments, Con- 

 spectus of. C. -green. Same as Rinmanri s Green. 

 C.-red. See Pigments, Conspectus of. C. -ultra- 

 marine. Same as Cobalt-blue. C. -yellow. See 

 Pigments, Conspectus of. 



Cobweb (kob'-web) [ME., cobweb, a. spider's web]. 

 Tela aranea, spider's web. The web of a common 

 house spider, Tegeneria domestica. It is a styptic recom- 

 mended for bleeding after tooth-extraction, and in 

 pulmonary tuberculosis, in 30-grain doses. It forms 

 a serviceable moxa, with the aid of the blowpipe. 



Coca (ko'-kah). See Erythroxylon. 



Cocain (ko'-kah-in, or ko / -kdn)[S. A. , coca] , C 17 H 21 N0 4 . 

 The chief alkaloid extract of Erythroxylon coca. It 

 is at first stimulant and afterward narcotic, and resem- 

 bles caffein in its action on the nerve-centers, and 



