DIARRHEA 



371 



DIASTOLE 



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D., Acute Inflammatory, a term including the se- 

 verer forms of the catarrhal and summer diarrheas of 

 children. It is characterized by griping, vomiting, 

 and the passage of offensive, watery, brown or green- 

 ish stools. The child in the latter stage of this dis- 

 ease presents the same appearance as that seen in 

 advanced tuberculous meningitis — pinched features, 

 drowsiness, sunken and half-closed eyes, and rapid 

 irregular pulse — and to this condition the term " spu- 

 rious hydrocephalus'''' has been applied. Death fre- 

 quently results from this form of diarrhea. D., 

 Acute Summer, a term given to sudden attacks of 

 profuse watery diarrhea occurring in children and 

 weak adults during the prevalence of hot weather. 

 (See Cholera infantum). D. alba. See Celiac 

 Affection. D., Cachectic, that depending on some 

 diathetic disease, as syphilis, scurvy, malaria, tuberculo- 

 sis, and carcinoma, or else on chronic intestinal catarrh. 

 D., Choleraic, severe, acute diarrhea of any form 

 not readily traceable to any recognized cause. D., 

 Choleriform. Synonym of Cholera infantum. D., 

 Chronic Inflammatory, a diarrhea of children either 

 following an acute attack, or developing insidiously. 

 The stools are of a dark-brown color, thin and foul, 



d may occasionally contain a spinach-like material. 

 There is great emaciation and anemia, and the term 

 "consumption of the bowels, " has been given to this 

 condition. The prognosis must be guarded. D., 

 Chronic Tropical, Hill-diarrhea, "white flux," of 

 India, a severe form of chronic intestinal catarrh, and 

 essentially a tropical disease. In India it develops 

 often in those who, after dwelling in the heat of the 

 plains, pass to the changeable temperature of the hilly 

 country, hence the name " Hill-diarrhea.'" The 

 stools are copious, light, and frothy ; there is progress- 

 ive failure of strength ; the temperature becomes sub- 

 normal ; albuminuria and edema develop, and death 

 results in many cases from exhaustion. D. chylosa. 

 See Celiac Affection. D., Compensatory. See D., 

 Vicarious. D., Dissecting-room, a severe form of 

 diarrhea resulting from exposure to the animal efflu- 

 via of the dissecting-room. The discharges are very 

 fetid and may be accompanied by colicky pains, nausea 

 and vomiting, and headache. D., Dysenteric, a 

 form of diarrhea frequently encountered in children in 

 temperate climates. There are tenesmus and colic, 

 the passage of mucous and fecal stools, prolapse of the 

 rectum, and great exhaustion. Death may result. D., 

 Fatty, a rare form, the result of the imperfect per- 

 formance of the pancreatic or hepatic function. D. 

 febrilis. Synonym of Enteritis, Pseudo-membranous. 

 D.. Fibrinous. Synonym of Enteritis, Pseudo-mem- 

 branous. D., Gelatinous. See Enteritis, Membran- 

 ous. D., Heat. See D., Summer. D., Hill. See 

 D., Chronic Tropical. D., Infantile, a term 

 including various forms of diarrhea occurring in 

 infants and young children. D., Irritative, that 

 due to direct irritation of the intestines by improper food 

 and drink, purgative medicines, poisons, intestinal 

 worms, etc. D., Lienteric, a form of diarrhea cora- 



on in children over two years of age, and character- 

 by the passage of fluid stools containing scraps 

 f undigested food, and associated with griping pains. 

 \, Matinal. See D., Chronic Tropical. D., Me- 

 chanical, that due to mechanical obstruction to 



e portal circulation, with consequent gastro-intesti- 



' hyperemia and catarrh. It is seen in cases of mi- 

 lesion. D., Mucous. See Enteritis, Mcm- 



anous. D., Nervous. See D., Lienteric. D. 

 pituitosa. Synonym of Enteritis, Pseudo-membra- 

 nous. D., Secondary, symptomatic diarrhea ; that 

 secondary to some ulcerative condition of the intes- 



tines, as in typhoid fever, tuberculosis, pyemia, etc. 

 D., Serous, a variety in which the stools are very 

 watery. D., Simple Catarrhal, a common variety 

 of diarrhea occurring in infants. It is marked by 

 watery evacuations containing feculent matter and un- 

 digested curds. It is due to errors in diet or exposure 

 to cold. D., Summer, an acute form due to the intense 

 heat of summer. A synonym of the Summer Com- 

 plaint of infants. D., Symptomatic- See D., Sec- 

 ondary. D., Tuberculous, that form dependent upon 

 tuberculous disease of the bowels. D. tubularis. 

 Synonym of Enteritis, Pseudo-membranous. D., Ul- 

 cerative, a grave form due to intestinal ulceration. 

 D., Vicarious, that due to suppression or arrest of the 

 functions of the skin, kidneys, or lungs, so that the 

 bowels do the extra or vicarious work. It is also 

 called Compensatory diarrhea. It is rather salutary 

 than otherwise. 



Diarrheal (di-ar-e / -al') \pid, through; pietv, to flow]. 

 Relating to, or of the nature of diarrhea. 



Diarthrodial (di-ar-thro* '-de-al) [fiia, throughout; 

 &pdp<jaic, articulation]. Relating to or of the nature 

 of a diarthrosis. 



Diarthrosis (di-ar-thr^-sis) [Sia, throughout ; apBpaaic, 

 articulation] . A form of articulation characterized by 

 mobility. The various forms are : Arthrodia, in which 

 the bones glide upon plane surfaces ; Enarthrosis, best 

 known as ball-and-socket joint, with motion in all 

 directions ; Ginglymus, or hinge-joint, with backward 

 and forward motion; and D. rotatoria, with pivotal 

 movement. 



Diary Fever (di'-ar-e). See Fez-er. 



Diastaltic (di-as-tal' -tik) [Sia, apart ; are'/'/etv, to send]. 

 Reflex ; performed (as are many reflex actions) 

 through the medium of the spinal cord. 



Diastase (di f -as-tds) [Siacraaic , separation]. A nitro- 

 genous vegetable ferment that is either contained or 

 developed in the fermentation of grain, which acts on 

 the molecules of starch, converting this into grape- 

 sugar or glucose. 



Diastasemia (di-as-tas-e / -me-aK) [Sta, apart; araatc, 

 settling; atua, blood]. Acute anasarca. 



Diastasic, or Diastatic (di-as-tas / -ik, or di-as-taf '-ik) 

 [Atacraoic, separation]. Relating to a diastasis. D. 

 Ferments. See Ferments. 



Diastasis [di-as / -tas-is) [diaoramc, separation]. I. 

 Luxation or dislocation. 2. The separation of an 

 epiphysis from the body of a bone without true fracture. 



Diastema (di-as-te / -mah) [Aiaonjua, a distance: pi., 

 Diastemata~\. A space or cleft. In biology, applied 

 to the space between any two consecutive teeth. 



Diastematelytria (di-as-tem-at-el-it' -re-aK) [fiiaorriua, 

 fissure ; i/.vrpov, vagina]. Longitudinal and congeni- 

 tal fissure of the vagina. 



Diastematochilia (di-as-tem-at-o-kil' '-e-ah) [Siaanjua, 

 fissure ; x ei/ °Si hp]. Congenital longitudinal fissure 

 of the lip ; hare-lip. 



Diastematocystia {di-as-tem-at-o-sis / -te-ah) [Siaanjua, 

 fissure ; n'vcrtc, bladder]. Congenital longitudinal 

 fissure of the bladder. 



Diastematognathia (di-as-tem-at-og-na'-the-ah) [tiiac- 

 TTjua, fissure ; -/-vddoc, jaw]. Congenital longitudinal 

 fissure of the jaw. 



DiastematometTia.(di-as-tem-at-o-me / -tre-ah)[faa<m}ua, 

 fissure; uifrpa, womb]. Congenital longitudinal 

 median fissure of the uterus. 



Diastematosternia (di-as-tem-at-o-ster' 'ne-ah) [itaa- 

 rrjua, fissure ; orepi-or, sternum]. Median congenital 

 fissure of the sternum. 



Diaster (di / -as-ter). See Dyaster and Karyokinesis. 



Diastole [di- as f -to- /e) [iiaam/i), a drawing apart]. 

 The period of dilatation of either cavity of the heart 



