DULCAMARIN 



400 



DUPLICANA 



emesis and convulsive muscular movements, and in 

 toxic doses is a narcotic poison. It is now employed 

 in psoriasis and similar skin-diseases. D., Fid. Ext. 

 Dose 3J. D., Decoctum, unof., 10 per cent, 

 strength. Dose ^j-ij. 



Dulcamarin (dul-kam-a' '-rin) [dulcamara, bitter-sweet] 

 C 22 H 34 O 10 . An alkaloid of Bittersweet. It is a yel- 

 low, amorphous powder, with a sweetish-bitter taste, 

 sparingly soluble in water, freely so in alcohol and 

 acetic acid, insoluble in ether and chloroform. 



Dulcin (dul'-sin). See Dulcitol. 



Dulcite (dul' -sit). See Dulcitol. 



Dulcitol (dul'-sit-ol) [dulcis, sweet] C 6 H u O e . Dulcin, 

 dulcite ; an hexahydric alcohol occurring in various 

 plants, and obtained from dulcitol manna (originating 

 from Madagascar manna). It is made artificially by 

 the action of sodium amalgam upon milk-sugar and 

 galactose. It crystallizes in large monoclinic prisms, 

 having a sweet taste. It is sparingly soluble in water, 

 and melts at l88° C. It is said to be two hundred 

 times as sweet as sugar. 



Dull (dul) [ME., dul, stupid]. I. Slow of perception. 

 2. Not resonant on percussion. 3. Not bright in ap- 

 pearance. 4. Not sharp ; blunt. 



Dullness (dul'-nes) [ME., dul, stupid]. The quality 

 of being dull, in any sense ; lack of resonance on 

 percussion. 



Dulong and Petit's Law. See Law. 



Dulse (duls) [Gael., duileasg, dulse]. A popular name 

 for various edible sea-weeds, such as Rhodymenia 

 palmata. These are popularly esteemed as pectoral 

 remedies. Unof. 



Dumas, Method of. A method for the determination 

 of nitrogen. In a glass tube (from 70 to 80 cm. long) 

 sealed at one end, place a layer (about I cm.) of dry, 

 primary sodium carbonate or magnesite, then pure 

 cupric oxid (6 cm.), afterwards a mixture of the sub- 

 stance with the cupric oxid ; then again pure granular 

 cupric oxid (from 20 to 30 cm.), and finally fill the tube 

 with pure copper turnings (about 20 cm.). In the open 

 extremity of the tube is placed a rubber cork, bearing 

 a gas-delivery tube, which extends into a mercury 

 bath. The back part of the combustion-tube, con- 

 taining the carbonate, is heated first, to expel the air 

 from all parts of the apparatus. A graduated cylinder, 

 filled with mercury, is placed over the extremity of 

 the exit-tube ; into the tube containing mercury sev- 

 eral cubic centimeters of concentrated potassium hy- 

 droxid are introduced by means of a pipet. The 

 metallic copper and the layer of cupric oxid in the 

 anterior portion of the tube are first heated and then 

 gradually the mixture. When the combustion is com- 

 pleted, heat is applied to another part of the sodium 

 carbonate layer. The graduated vessel, containing 

 pure nitrogen, is placed in a large cylinder of water, 

 allowed to stand a short time until the temperature is 

 equalized, when the volume of gas is read and the tem- 

 perature of the surrounding air and the barometer- 

 height are noted. 



G _ y J (h-w) 



X 0.0012562 



760 I 1 + 0.00367 

 G = the weight of the nitrogen volume in grams. V = 

 the absorbed volume in cubic centimeters, h = the 

 barometric pressure, w = the tension of aqueous vapor 

 at the temperature i°C. 0.0012562 = the weight, in 

 grams, of l c.c. of nitrogen at o°C. , and 760 mm. 

 pressure. 

 Dumb (dum) [ME., dumb, mute]. Unable to utter 

 articulate speech. D. Ague, a popular expression for 

 ague or malarial sickness marked by obscure symp- 

 toms. D.-bell, a weight consisting of two iron balls 

 connected by a shaft, used in exercise for health and 



development. D.-bell Crystals, crystals of calcium 

 oxalate, sometimes seen in the urine. D.-cane, the 

 Caladium seguineum, or Dieffenbachia seguinea, a W. 

 Indian plant ; when bitten it causes the lips and 

 mouth to swell, and thus may produce temporary 

 inability to speak. The plant is used in preparing an 

 ointment, and is said to be useful in dropsies. 



Dumbness (dum'-nes) [ME. , dumb, mute]. Inability 

 to utter articulate speech. 



Dumetose (du' '-met-os) \_du?nus, a bramble]. In biol- 

 ogy, belonging to a thicket; bush-like. 



Dumont's Blue. Same as Smalts. 



Dumose(du' -mos) [dumus, a thorn-bush]. In biology, 

 bushy, or pertaining to a bush. 



Dumoutier's Horizontal Plane. See Plane. 



Duncan's Operation. See Operations, Table of. 



Dung [ME., dung, dung]. Excrement ; feces; ordure. 

 D.-bath. See Pigments, Colors, and Dye-stuffs. 

 D.-hill, a heap of dung. 



Dunga (dun'-gah). Synonym of Dengue. 



Dunging (dung'-ing). See Pigments, Colors, and 

 Dye-stuffs. 



Dunham's Solution. A culture-medium composed 

 of sodium chlorid, 5 parts; dried peptone, I part; 

 distilled water, 100 parts. 



Duodenal (du-o-de' -nal, or du-od' -en-al) [duodeni, 

 twelve each]. Relating to the duodenum. D. Ulcer, 

 ulceration of the duodenum. It may be acute, as 

 after severe burns or scalds, or after exposure to 

 extreme cold ; or (more commonly) it may be chronic, 

 occurring usually in old alcoholic males. Its most 

 frequent seat is in the first part of the duodenum, 

 either on the anterior or posterior wall. It is probably 

 due to the action of the gastric juice upon the intestinal 

 wall which has been devitalized as the result of some 

 form of malnutrition. Perforation and fatal peritonitis 

 may ensue if the ulcer be situated on the anterior wall. 



Duodenitis (du-o-den-i'-tis) [duodeni, twelve each ; 

 irir, inflammation]. Inflammation of the duodenum. 



Duodeno-cholecystotomy (du-o-de' ' -no-ko-le-sis-tot' '- 

 o-me) [duodeni, twelve each ; X^V, bile ; Kvoriq, 

 bladder; ardfia, mouth]. An operation for establish- 

 ing an artificial communication between the gall-blad- 

 der and duodenum. 



Duodeno-enterostomy ( du-o-de' ' -no-en- ter-os' '-to-me) 

 [duodeni, twelve each ; svrepov, bowel ; ar6fxa, mouth]. 

 The establishment of an artificial communication be- 

 tween the duodenum and some portion of the small 

 intestine. 



Duodeno-jejunal (du-o-de' -no- jej-u' -nal) [duodeni, 

 twelve each ; jejunus, dry]. Pertaining to the duo- 

 denum and the jejunum. 



Duodeno-renal (du-o-de' -no^re' -nal) [duodeni, twelve 

 each; ren, the kidney]. Relating to the duodenum 

 and to the kidney. 



Duodenostomy (du-o-de-nos'-to-me) [duodenum; 

 ard/ia, a mouth]. The operation of opening the duo- 

 denum, and the attachment of the lips of the intes- 

 tinal slit to the walls of the abdomen, in order to form 

 an artificial mouth for the introduction of nutriment. 



Duodenotomy (du-o-den-of -o-me) [duoa-num ; rifivuv, 

 to cut]. Surgical incision of the duodenum. 



Duodenum (du-o-de' -nit in, or du-od'-en-um) [duodeni, 

 twelve each ; so called because it is about twelve 

 finger-breadths long]. The first part of the small in- 

 testine beginning at the pylorus. 



Duotal (du'-o-tal). Guaiacol carbonate, C 15 5 H M , a 

 crystalline substance ; it is used in tuberculosis. 1 Iok 

 gr. iij-viij, three times a day. 



Duplay's Operation. Sep Operations, Table of. 



Duplicana (du-plik-a'-nah) [dup/icarr, to double]. A 

 double tertian ague. 



