EPIGLOTTIS 



434 



EPINASTY 



Epiglottis (ep-e-glot' -is) [kiri, upon ; yAwr-n'c, glottis]. 

 A thin fibro-cartilaginous valve that aids in preventing 

 food and drink from passing into the larynx. 



Epiglottitis (ep-e-glot-i r -tis). See Epiglottiditis. 



Epignathous (e-pig' '-na-thus) \_£iri, upon ; yvaOoc, jaw]. 

 In biology, hook-billed ; applied to birds in which the 

 upper half of the beak overreaches the under half 

 and is deflected over it. 



Epignathus (e-pig' -na-thus) [t'7n, upon; yvadoc, jaw]. 

 A twin monstrosity in which the parasite is united to 

 the superior maxillary bone of the autosite. 



Epigonium (ep-e-go'-ne-um) [f7r/, upon ; yovi/, seed]. 

 In biology, the old archegonium in mosses and Hepa- 

 ticce, after the capsule has developed. 



Epigynous (e-pi/'-in-us) [irrl, upon; yvvi/, a woman]. 

 In biology, growing upon the ovary. 



Epihippic Fever (ep-e-hip' '-ik) \hivi, upon; Imror, 

 horse]. .See Fever. 



Epilation (ep-il-a' 'shun) \e, out of; pilus, a hair]. 

 The extraction of hair. 



Epilatorium (e-pil-at-o' -re-um)\\-,.~\. An application for 

 permanently removing hair- 



Epilatory (e-pil'-at-o-re) \_e, out of; pilus, a hair]. 

 I. Extracting the hairs ; depilatory. 2. An epilatorium. 



Epilemma (ep-e-lem'-ah) [e7rt, upon; M/j./j.a, husk;//., 

 Epilemmata]. The neurilemma of very small 

 branches or funiculi of nerve-filaments. 



Epilepsia [ep-e-lep' -se-ah ). See Epilepsy. E. cur- 

 siva. See Epilepsy, Accelerative. E. gravis. See 

 Grand mal. E. larvata. See Epilepsy, Masked. 

 E. mitis. See Petit mal. E. saltatoria. Synonym 

 of Chorea. E. vertiginosa, Petit mal, q. v. 



Epilepsy (ep / -il-ep-se) [etz'l?^ic, a laying hold of]. A 

 nervous affection characterized by sudden loss of con- 

 sciousness and power of coordination of motion with 

 tonic and clonic convulsions, the paroxysms lasting 

 but a short time. This form of the disease is the 

 *' true " affection, the haut mal or grand mal of the 

 French. The petit mal [abortive epilepsy, epileptic 

 vertigo) is less severe, and may consist of only a slight 

 loss of consciousness, with retained coordination of 

 motion. The so-called epileptiform seizure is a local- 

 ized convulsion without loss of consciousness. See 

 Epilepsy, Jacksonian. An epileptic seizure is often 

 introduced by an aura, a peculiar sensation preceding 

 the spasmodic seizure, which is quickly followed by 

 the characteristic epileptic cry. The origin of the 

 epileptic attack is in all probability a powerful dis- 

 charge of energy from the cortical cerebral cells. The 

 disease is most common in females, and is influenced 

 by heredity and age ; it is rare for it to occur after 

 forty years of age. Traumatism and severe mental 

 strain may act as exciting causes. E., Accelerative, 

 Epilepsia cursiva ; epilepsy in which the patient runs 

 before falling down in a fit. E., Acute Infantile, 

 a name given to the eclampsia of infants. E., 

 Cardiac, paroxysmal tachycardia. E., Cortical. 

 See E., Jacksonian. E., Focal. See E. , Jack- 

 sonian. E., Jacksonian, spasmodic contractions 

 in certain groups of muscles due to local disease of 

 the cortex, always confined to one-half of the body 

 and with retention -of consciousness. E M Masked, 

 E. larvata, the less severe form of true epilepsy, 

 in which the patient does not fall. E., Partial, 

 A'., Jacksonian, q. v. E., Peripheral. Same as 

 E., Jacksonian. E., Pleural. See Pleural. E., 

 Procursive, there is propulsion of the body in some 

 special direction. E., Reflex, due to some r< -ilex 

 neurosis. E. of the Retina, a temporary anemia 

 of the retina occasionally observed during an epilepti- 

 form seizure. E., Saturnine, epileptiform convulsions 

 due to lead-poisoning. E., Sensory, Thalamic epilep- 



sy ; a form of epilepsy in which sensory disturbances 

 predominate ; it is believed to be due to a lesion of the 

 optic thalamus. E., Spinal , paroxysms of clonic spasm 

 in the lower extremities sometimes observed in the 

 course of spastic paraplegia. E., Symptomatic. See 

 E., Jacksonian. E., Thalamic. See £., Sensory. 

 E., Toxic, that induced by toxic substances in the 

 blood. 



Epileptic (ep-il-ep/ -tik) [_ETriXyipig, a laying hold of]. 

 Pertaining to or like epilepsy. Also one affected with 

 epilepsy. E. Aura. See Aura. E. Cry, the vocal 

 sound or cry in epilepsy, from laryngeal spasm. E. 

 Equivalents, instead of the convulsive attacks in epi- 

 lepsy there may from time to time be transient psychic 

 disturbances that consist in states of either excitement 

 or depression. These are the so-called epileptic equiv- 

 alents. E. Hemiplegia, sometimes follows the lit, 

 especially after unilateral convulsions. E. Interval, the 

 period of time between the epileptic paroxysms. During 

 this period there are in the majority of cases, if not in 

 all, some abnormal manifestations, as disorders in the 

 cardiac rhythm, irregularity in the pupils, and cerebral 

 disorders. ' E. Mania, slight maniacal tendencies fol- 

 lowing or taking the place of the fit. E. Seizure. 

 See Epilepsy. E. State, a state of profound and 

 sometimes comatose depression, with frequently recur- 

 ring epileptic attacks, often speedily fatal. E. Ver- 

 tigo, giddiness is a common sensation of epilepsy, but 

 is erroneously applied to attacks of minor epilepsy. 



Epilepticism (ep-il-ep' -tis-izm) [eTriAqipic; , a laying hold 

 of]. The epileptic state, or status epilepticus. 



Epileptiform (ep-il-ep' '-tif-orm) [eiriXr/ijiu;, a laying hold 

 of; forma, form]. Resembling epilepsy in the symp- 

 toms. E. Tic, a variety of facial neuralgia accom- 

 panied by spasmodic movements of the face. This 

 occurs in the degenerative period of life, and espe- 

 cially in those who present a decided family history 

 of insanity. 



Epileptiginous (ep-il-ep-tij'-in-us). Same as Epilepto- 

 genous. 



Epileptogenous (ep-il-ep-toj' -en-us) [sTri^T/iptc , epilepsy; 

 yevvav, to produce]. Producing epilepsy. E. Zone, 

 Brown-Sequard's term for that portion of the skin of 

 the face and neck of guinea-pigs which, if irritated 

 after section of the spinal cord near the twelfth dorsal 

 vertebra, will give rise in a short time to epileptiform 

 convulsions. 



Epileptoid (ep-il-ep' -toid) \fTv\Xrf^ic, a laying hold of; 

 elrfoc, likeness]. I. Resembling epilepsy. 2. A per- 

 son subject to various nervous attacks of the general 

 nature of epilepsy. 



Epilobium (ep-il-o' -be-um) [kni, upon ; Ao,36c, a pod, a 

 lobe]. A genus of herbs including the willow- 1: 

 demulcent, tonic, and astringent drug. 



Epilose (ep'-il-os) \e, priv. ; pilosus, hairy]. Without 

 hair; bald. 



Epilymph (cp'-e-limf) \hiri, upon ; lympha, water]. 

 The fluid between the bony and the membranous laby- 

 rinths. 



Epimerite (ep-e-me'-nt) [kiri, upon; fjr/p6g, thigh]. In 

 biology, an anterior, deciduous, proboscis-like, pre- 

 hensile organ, attached to the protomerite or anterior 

 segment of ft septate gregarine. 



Epimeron (ep-e-me' -ron) \ini, upon ; iir)p6c, thigh]. In 

 biology, one of the lateral pieces helping to form the 

 pleuron, or a part of the segment of an arthropod, 

 often giving attachment to the legs. 



Epimylis (e-pim'-il-is) [knl, over; /li'/a/, millsl 

 The patella. 



Epinasty (ep'-e-nas-te) [.■'-/, upon; vnnn'ic, pressed 

 close]. In biology, curvature produced by exc< 

 growth on the upper side of an extended organ. 



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