FOURCHET 



492 



FRAMBESIOID 



Fourchet, or Fourchette (foor-shef) [Fr. , a fork]. 

 I. A fold of mucous membrane at the posterior junc- 

 tion of the labia majora. 2. A forked instrument 

 used in division of the frenum linguae. 



Fournier's Method. See Treatment, Methods of. 



Fovea (fo-ve'-ah) [fovea, a small pit]. Applied to 

 many depressions in the body or its organs, but more 

 particularly to the fovea centralis retince, a little pit in 

 the macula lutea opposite the visual axis, the spot of 

 distinctest vision, where the retinal cones are massed 

 together and the rods and some other parts are absent. 

 It is opposite the center of the cornea. F. hemiellip- 

 tica, recessus ellipticus ; sinus semiovalis ; a small 

 fossa on the inner wall of the labyrinth, between the 

 fovea hemispherica and the orifices of the semicircular 

 canals. F. hemispherica, recessus sphericus; a 

 depression in the forepart of the inner wall of the 

 labyrinth. 



Foveate (fo' '-ve-dt) [fovea, a small pit]. In biology, 

 deeply pitted. 



Foveola (fo-ve'-o-lah) [dim. of fovea, a small pit]. I. 

 A small pit or depression. 2. The depression at the 

 summit of each papilla of the kidney. F. coccygea, 

 a slight depression — a congenital defect — a little above 

 the anus and at the apex of the coccyx. It is due 

 to imperfect development. F. inguinalis, a some- 

 what funnel-shaped depression in the external in- 

 guinal fossa. It is open in fetal life, and is the ab- 

 dominal end of the inguinal canal, through which the 

 testis descended. F. radialis. See Anatomist's 

 Snuffbox. 



Fovilla (fo-vil'-ah) [fovere, to warm, to cherish : pi. , 

 Fovillcs] . In biology, the protoplasmic contents of a 

 pollen-grain. 



Fowler's Method. A method of estimating the amount 

 of urea in the urine. It consists in mixing one volume 

 of the urine with seven volumes of liquor sodse chlo- 

 ratse (U. S. P.) and comparing the specific gravity 

 before and after effervescence. See Urea. F.'s Solu- 

 tion. See Arsenic. 



Fox's Apparatus. An apparatus for treating fracture of 

 the clavicle. It consists of a pad in the axilla with a 

 suspensory apparatus from the opposite shoulder. 



Fox-glove (fohs'-gluv). See Digitalis. 



Foxination (foks-in-a' -shun) . See Hypnotism. 



Fractional (frak'-shun-ai) [fractio, a breaking]. Per- 

 taining to fractions. F. Cultivation, the isolation of 

 one variety of micro5rganism from a mixture of several, 

 in order to study or cultivate it. This is done by at- 

 tenuation of the medium so that a drop will probably 

 contain but one organism. Distilled water was first 

 used as the attenuating medium, but gelatinized media 

 are now used. Brefeld and Nageli suggested the 

 procedure, and Lister isolated the first microbe, the 

 Bacillus lacticus of Cohn. F. Distillation. See Dis- 

 tillation. 



Fractionation {frak-shun-a' '-shun) [fractio, a break- 

 ing]. Chemic separation by successive operations. 



Fractura (frak tur'-ah) [L.]. A fracture. F. dentis, 

 fracture of a tooth. 



Fracture (frak'-tur) [fractura ; frangere, to break]. 

 The breaking of a bone, either by external force, or 

 by the action of the muscles of the body. Applied 

 also to the breaking of a cartilage. F., Barton's, 

 an oblique fracture of the lower end of the radius, begin- 

 ning on the articulating surface. F.-bed, a doubly- 

 inclined plane used in the treatment of fractures of the 

 hip. F.-box, a long box with no ends or cover, used in 

 the immobilization of fractured bones. F., Capillary, 

 consisting of only a fine crack or fissure. F., Commi- 

 nuted, with shattering of the bone. F., Colles', one of 

 the lower end of the radius with displacement back- 



ward. F., Complete, entirely through the bone. F. 



Comminuted Fracture of Clavicle. (Moullin.) 



Complicated, with injury of adjacent parts. F., 

 Compound, with a communicating wound of the skin. 

 F., Depressed, with depression of the fractured part 

 below the normal level, as in fracture of the skull. F., 

 Double, one bone is fractured in two places. F., 

 Dupuytren's, fracture of the fibula, with retraction 

 and displacement outward, and with laceration of the 

 ligaments of the foot. F., Epiphyseal, with separa- 

 tion of the epiphysis of a bone. F., Greenstick, one 



Greenstick Fracture of the Radius. (Moullin.) 



side of the bone is broken, the other bent. F., Im- 

 pacted, with forcible compression of the fragments 

 into each other. F., Moore's, fracture of the lower 

 end of the radius, with laceration of the internal lateral 

 ligament and detachment of the triangular interarticu- 

 lar cartilage, which allows of the dislocation of the 

 head of the ulna and the imprisonment of the styloid 

 process under the annular ligaments. F., Pott's, same 

 as F., Dupuytren's, but without laceration of the in- 

 ferior tibio-fibular ligaments. F., Shepherd's, a frac- 

 ture of the astragalus, the outer projecting edge being 

 detached. F., Simple, without rupture of the over- 

 lying skin or mucous membrane. F., Smith's, frac- 

 ture of the lower end of the radius, from a quarter of 

 an inch to an inch from the articular surface. F., 

 Spontaneous, with but a slight force to cause it, as 

 when there is disease of the bone. 



Frsenulum [fren'-u-lum). See Frenulum. 



Fraenum {fre'-num). See Frenum. 



Fragilitas {fraj-W -it-as) [L.]. Brittleness. In phy- 

 siology, a want of flexile strength. F. crinium, an 

 atrophic condition of the hair in which the individual 

 hairs split into numerous fibrillae, the cleavage in many 

 cases being recognizable as far as to the roots, the 

 fibrils often curling in several turns away from the 

 axis of the shaft. F. ossium, abnormal brittleness 

 of the bones. 



Fragmentation (frag-men-ta / -shun) [fragmentum, a 

 piece]. The subdivision into fragments; the separa- 

 tion of certain forms of bacilli, or other microorgan- 

 isms, into joints which become new individuals ; the 

 division or segmentation of a cell. F. of Calculi, 

 Spontaneous, the exfoliation and breaking up of a 

 calculus by the action of the uric acid or other morbid 

 products in the bladder. 



Frambesia (fram-be'-ze-ah) [frambasia, raspberry]. 

 Yaws ; Pian ; Amboyna Button ; Parangi ; Coco : 

 Endemic Verrugas. A tropical contagious disease of 

 the skin, of long duration, characterized by dirty or 

 bright-red raspberry- like tubercles, appearing usually 

 on the face, toes, and genital organs. It is most fre- 

 quent in young colored people. 



Frambesial { f ram-be' -ze-al) [frambassia, a raspberry]. 

 Resembling, or pertaining to frambesia. 



Frambesioid ( f ram-be' -ze-oid)[frambcvsia, a raspberry; 

 f<fW, likeness]. Resembling frambesia, or one of its 

 tubercles. 



