GIANUZZI, CELLS OF 



516 



GIZZARD 



Gianuzzi, Cells or Crescents of. Granular protoplas- 

 mic cells found in mucous glands between the mucous 

 cells and the basement-membrane ; they play an im- 

 portant part in the functional activity of the gland. 

 They are also called demilune cells. See Cell. 



Gibbes' Method. A method of staining tubercle-bacilli. 

 See Stains, Table of. 



Gibbon's Hydrocele. See Diseases, Table of. 



Gibbositas (gib-os'-it-as) [L.]. Gibbosity; the con- 

 dition of being a hunchback. 



Gibbosity (gib-os' '-it-e) [gibber, a hunch, a hump]. In 

 biology, a hump or irregular protuberance. 



Gibbous (gib' -us) [gibber, hunched]. Swollen, con- 

 vex, protuberant, especially upon one side. 



Gibert's Pityriasis. See Diseases, Table of. G.'s 

 Syrup. See Hydrargyrum. 



Giblets (jib' -lets) [OF '., gibelet, giblets}. The entrails 

 of fowl. 



Gibraltar Fever. Synonym of Yellow Fever and of 

 Mediterranean Fever. 



Gibson's Bandage. See Bandage. 



Gid (gid) [WE.,gidie, dizzy]. Staggers in sheep, a 

 disease caused by a cystic worm in the brain, formerly 

 called Ccenurus cerebralis, a. v. See under Parasites 

 {Animal), Table of. 



Giddiness (gid'-e-nes) [ME. ,gidie, dizzy]. A sensa- 

 tion of whirling or unsteadiness of the body, usually 

 accompanied by more or less nausea. See Gid. 



Giesbrecht's Method. A method of mounting serial 

 sections. Make a solution of brown shellac in alco- 

 hol ; filter and paint on warmed slides ; allow to dry. 

 Over this paint a thin layer of creasote and put the 

 sections in place. Then heat the slide on a water-bath 

 for fifteen minutes at the melting-point of paraffin. 

 Allow to cool ; dissolve the paraffin in turpentine ; 

 mount in balsam. The tissue must have been stained 

 en masse before embedding. 



Gigantism (ji-gan' -tizm) [yiyac, giant]. Abnormally 

 exaggerated size ; excessive overgrowth ; great hyper- 

 trophy or auxesis. Giantism. 



Gigantoblast ( ji-gan' '-to-blast) [yiyag, giant ; (i'AaoToc, 

 a germ]. A large germ said to exist in the blood in 

 cases of pernicious anemia. It somewhat resembles 

 the larger megalocyte. 



Giganto-cellular (ji-gan' '-to' '-sel' '-u-lar) [yiyaq, giant; 

 cella, cell]. Characterized by giant-cells ; as Giganto- 

 cellular Endothelioma. 



Gigartina (jig-ar-ti' '-tiah) [L.]. A genus of sea- 

 weeds, several species of which are used in the same 

 way as Carragheen, for human food. Some of the 

 agar-agar of commerce is believed to be the product 

 of plants of this genus. 



Gigerium (ji-je'-re-um) [gigeria, the entrails of poul- 

 try]. In biology, the gizzard of birds, or the thickened 

 muscular portion of the stomach in certain mammals. 

 See Gizzard. 



Gigger (jig'-er). See Pulex. 



Gila monster. See Heloderma. 



Gill (gil) [ME., gile,gylle, a gill]. One of the respira- 

 tory organs of such animals as breathe the air that is 

 mixed with water. The gills first appear in the Poly- 

 chata. Cf. Branchiae. G. -hearts, contractile expan- 

 sions, with but a single cavity, at the base of the 

 blood-vessels conducting the blood to the branchiae in 

 the higher Crustacea. 



Gillenia (jil-e f -ne-ah ) [after Dr. Arnold Gill, a Ger- 

 man botanist]. A genus of rosaceous herbs. G. 

 stipulacea ( Bowman's root, Indian physic) and G. 

 trifoliata, both of N. America, are good, safe, and ef- 

 fective substitutes for ipecac. Unof. 



Gillenin (jil f -cn-in) [after Dr. Gill, & German botan- 

 ist]. The active principle of American Ipecac. It 



is a bitter, slightly odorous, permanent powder with 

 emetic properties. 



Gimbernat's Ligament. See Ligament. 



Gin {Hit) [ME., gynypre, juniper]. Common grain- 

 spirit distilled and aromatized with juniper-berries. 

 The finest gin, known as " Holland," is made in the 

 distilleries of Schiedam, whence also the name 

 " Schiedam Schnapps." See Spiritus juniperi. G.- 

 drinker's Liver. See Cirrhosis, and Hobnail Liver. 

 G. -liver. See Cirrhosis. 



Gingelly Oil (jin-jel'-e oil). See Sesami, Oleum. 



Ginger (jin'-jer). See Zingiber. 



Gingiva (jin-jiv'-ah) [L. " the gum ■.''''pi., Gingiva\. 

 The vascular tissue surrounding the necks of the teeth 

 and covering the alveoli. 



Gingival (jiti'-jiv-al) [gingiva, the gum]. Pertaining 

 to the gums. G. Line, a blue or purplish line 

 along the gums where they meet the teeth, indicative 

 of chronic lead-poisoning ; also, the reddish line on 

 the gums sometimes seen in tuberculosis, etc. G. 

 Margin, the line or edge of the gums where they meet 

 the teeth ; the free edge of the gums. 



Gingivalgia (jin-jiv-al' -je-ah) [gingiva, gum ; a\yoc, 

 pain]. Neuralgia of the gums. 



Gingivitis (jin-jiv-i' '-tis) [gingiva, the gums ; ireg, in- 

 flammation]. Ulitis ; inflammation of the gums. 

 G., Expulsive, osteo-periostitis of a tooth, which is 

 gradually expelled from its socket. 



Gingko (ging'-ko) [Jap.]. A genus of taxaceous 

 trees. G. biloba, a native of Eastern Asia, is now 

 common in the U. S. Its edible seeds are astringent 

 and are said to restrain or to slow the secretion of 

 urine. Unof. 



Ginglymoid (ging f -glim-oid) [yiyylvfioq, a hinge ; e\6oc, 

 likeness]. Resembling a hinge-joint. 



Ginglymus (ging' -glim-us) . See Diarthrosis. 



Ginseng (jin'-seng) [Chinese , jinlsan , ginseng]. The 

 fleshy root of several species of Panax or Aralia. A. 

 ginseng, of Eastern Asia, and A. quinquefolia, of the 

 U. S., are the best-known species. Ginseng is an aro- 

 matic bitter with tonic properties. Unof. 



Giraffe, Girafy (jir-af ' , -af'-e). See Endemic Colic and 

 Dengue. 



Giraldensian Organ or Organ of Giraldes. The par- 

 epididymis. It is composed of a number of flat, white 

 bodies, each of which consists of a collection of 

 tubes blind at each end. It is situated at the posterior 

 portion of the epididymis, between the head and the 

 vas deferens. 



Girdle (gir'-dl) [ME., girdel, a waistband]. Any 

 band designed to go around the body. G., Emphy- 

 sematous). See Emphysema. G., Neptune's, an 

 abdominal bandage used in applying the wet-pack. 

 G. -pain, a sensation as if a girdle were drawn tightly 

 around the body. When not hysteric, it is charac- 

 teristic of disease of the myelon, or of the nerve- 

 roots. G., Pelvic, the bones (or cartilages) forming 

 the support for the lower limbs of vertebrates. In 

 mammals they consist of the ilia, ischia, and os pubes. 

 G. -sensation. Same as G.-pain. G., Shoulder, 

 the system of bones designed for the support of tin- 

 upper limbs or arms. In man, the scapulae and clavi- 

 cles compose this structure. 



Girgensohn's Method. A method of removing pro 

 teids from a liquid. Mix the solution with half its 

 volume of a solution of common salt; add tannin in 

 slight excess, and the proteids will be entirely precipi- 

 tated. 



Girmir (gii f-mir) [Arab]. Tartar of the teeth. 



Girofle ( jir v-tla'). See Pigments, Conspectus of. 



Gizzard (giv' -a rd) [( )V . , gesier ; L., gigerium]. The 

 strong muscular stomach of birds; also, the corre- 



