

GUACO 



535 GUMMA 



Guaco (g-.vaw'-ko) [S. Amer.]. The leaves of Mikania 

 . , much used in S. America for snake-bites. It is 

 thought to be of value in chronic rheumatism. Dose 

 of the rid. ext. 3 ss-j. Unof. Various species of Mika- 

 nia and Aristolochia are locally known by this name. 



Guaiac (gwr'-ak) [S. Amer]. See Guaiacum. G.- 

 mixture, Fenner's. The Tinctura antacrida [N. 

 F.], a tincture of the resin of guaiacum and Canada 

 turpentine, in which each fluidram contains }. of 

 a grain of the corrosive chlorid of mercury. G.- 

 test. See Tests, Table of. 



Guaiacol (gvri'-ak-ol) [S. Amer.], CjHgO,. A sub- 

 stance that occurs in wood-tar, and is also produced on 

 heating pyrocatechin with potassium hydroxid and po- 

 tassium methyl-sulphate to l8o° C. It is a colorless 

 liquid that boils at 200 C. , and has a specific gravity 

 of 1. 1 17. It is readily soluble in alcohol, ether, and 

 acetic acid, and is recommended instead of creasote in 

 pulmonary tuberculosis. Dcse rt\ j-ij> or g*- ti~s- 

 Sciolla( 1893) found that topical applications of guaiacol 



(reduced bodily temperature, and J Solis- Cohen and 

 Da Costa (189.') have applied the method successfully 

 in cases of high temperature in typhoid fever and other 

 febrile diseases. The dose is about 30 drops slowly 

 rubbed on the skin of the abdomen or thigh. Unof. 

 Guaiacum (gwi'-ak-um) [Guaicauans, a tribe of S. A. 

 Indians]. Lignum vitae. The heart of the tree, and also 



I the oleoresin, of G. officinale and G. sanctum, a 

 prompt diaphoretic, expectorant, and alterative, efficient 

 in tonsillitis, neuralgic dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, and 

 rheumatism, and formerly much used as an antisyphili- 

 tic. Dose gr. x-xxx. G., Mist. (B. P.) Dose^j-iss. 

 G.. Resina, the resin of the wood of G. officinale. G., 

 Tinct., strength 20 percent. Dose Tn^v-3 j in mucil- 

 age. G., Tinct., Ammoniat., contains guaiac 20, and 

 aromatic spirit of ammonia 80 parts. Dose n\v— ^ss. 



Guanin : gurav/ -nin) [Sp., guano, dung], C 5 H 5 X 5 0. 

 A leukomaine discovered by Unger in 1644, as a con- 

 stituent of guano. Since then it has been found in 

 small quantities in the pancreas, liver, and muscle-ex- 

 tract, and has been shown to be one of the decomposi- 

 tion products of nuclein in both animal and vegetable 

 organisms. In the case of the lower animals it is evi- 

 dently the end-product of katabolic change. It is a 

 white, amorphous powder, insoluble in water, alcohol, 

 ether, and ammonia. Guanin and kreatin appear to 

 mutually replace each other — both being substituted 

 guanidins. Guanin is an intermediate product in the 

 formation of urea. It is non-poisonous and a muscle- 

 stimulant. See Capranica's Tests. 



3uano (gwaio'-no) [Peruv. , huanu, dung]. The ex- 

 crement of sea-fowl found on certain islands in the 

 rainless regions of the Pacific Ocean. It consists es- 

 sentially of alkaline urates and phosphates. It is used 

 externally in certain skin-diseases. Unof. 



Guarana gw .w-rah'-nah) [the name of a tribe of S. A. 

 Indians]. A dried paste prepared from the seeds of 

 Paullinia cupana, found in Brazil. It contains an alka- 

 loid, guaranin, C 8 H 10 X 4 O,. HjO, identical with caftein. 

 It is employed chiefly in nervous sick-headaches. The 

 commercia 1 . preparations are not always trustworthy. 

 Dose of th" fld. ext., n\y— xxx ; of guaranin gr. j-iij ; of 

 the solid e<t. gr. iij-x ; of the tincture (1 in 4) 3 ss-j. 



Guard {gar J) [garder, to keep]. An appliance on 

 a knife to prevent too deep incision. G.-cell, in 

 biology, o£ie of the two semilunar epidermal cells, 

 inclosing the opening of a stoma in plants. 



3uardian-cells (gar f -de-an-selz). Same as Guard-cell. 



"uarinari's Agar-gelatin. A culture-medium com- 

 posed of sgar-agar 3-4 gms., sodium chlorid 5 gms., 

 peptone ^5-30 grms., gelatin 40-60 gms., water 50 

 c.c, n-ea' -infusion 950 c.c. 



II 



Guaycuru {gwi-ku-ru') [Sp.]. The S. American name 

 of various plants, as Static a brasiliensis and .S. antarc- 

 tica. The root is a very powerful astringent. Unof. 



Gubernaculum testis {gu-ber-nah' -u-lum tes'-tis) 

 [L.]. The conical -shaped cord attached above the 

 lower end of the epididymis and governing the descent 

 of the testes in fetal growth. 



Gubler's Tumor. A prominence over the carpus of 

 the dorsum of the hand in chronic wrist-drop from lead- 

 poisoning. See Signs and Symptoms, Table of. 



Gudden's Atrophy Method. A method of demon- 

 strating the connection of a nerve-trunk with a center. 

 If a portion of a nerve-trunk is destroyed in a young, 

 growing animal, the peripheral fibers will undergo 

 Wallerian degeneration, while the proximal cells and 

 fibers connected with the destroyed portion will atro- 

 phy and disappear. G.'s Commissure, a mass of fibers 

 forming the upper (dorsal) part of the optic tracts. 

 They cannot be demonstrated in man except in cases 

 of complete degeneration of the optic fibers proper. 

 G.'s Ganglion, the cephalo-dorsal ganglion of the 

 mamillary body of the brain. G.'s Law. See 

 Lam, 



Guerin's Glands. See Gland. G.'s Method. See 

 Treatment, Methods of. 



Guernsey Blue. See Pigments, Conspectus of. 



Guettard, Glands of. See Gland. 



Guidi, Canal of. See Canal. 



Guignet's Green. Same as Chrome-green. 



Guillotine (gil'-o-ten) [after Dr. J, I. Guillotin\. A 

 surgical instrument for excision of the tonsils or growths 

 in the larynx, etc. 



Guimet Blue. Same as French Blue. 



Guinea (gin'-e) [African]. The name of a district on 

 the west coast of Africa. G. Fever, a form of inter- 

 mittent fever. G. -green. See Pigments, Conspectus 

 of. G. Pepper. See Grains of Paradise. G. -pig, an 

 animal of the genus Cavia, used in bacteriologic in- 

 vestigation. G.-worm, the Filaria medinensis, a 

 nematode worm of tropical countries, that in the 

 human tissues in which it burrows may, unless re- 

 moved, develop to a length of several feet, produc- 

 ing inflammatory ulceration. See Thread-uwrm. G.- 

 worm Disease. See Dracontiasis. 



Gula {gu'-lah) [L.: //., Gula\. The gullet; the neck 

 and throat, or the pharynx and esophagus. In biology : 

 I. An exoskeletal piece on the under side of the head 

 of certain insects, behind thementum and between the 

 genae. 2. The upper portion of the front of the neck 

 of a bird. 



Gulancha (goo-Ian' -hah) [E. Ind.]. The plant, 

 Tinospora cordifolia, of India. Its stems and roots 

 are diuretic, tonic, and antiperiodic. Unof. 



Gular (gu'-lar) [gula, the gullet]. Pertaining to the 

 throat, pharynx, or gula. 



Gulinula (gu-lin' '-u-lah) [gula, throat]. In biology, 

 applied by Hyatt to that stage in the development of 

 an actinozoan in which the actinostome or gullet is 

 formed ; it follows the hydroplanula stage. 



Gullet (gul'-et). See Esophagus. 



Gum [}>[¥.., gumme, gum]. A name loosely applied to 

 the concreted juices of plants. Chemically, a substance 

 yielding mucic acid when treated with nitric acid. See, 

 also, Gums, and the names of the various gums. G. 

 Arabic. See Acacia. G. Benjamin. See Benzoin. 

 G.-boil, abscess of the gum. G. Dammar. See 

 Dammar. G. -plant. See Grindelia. G. -resins. 

 See Resins. G. Tragacanth. See Tragacanth. 

 G.-wood Tents. See Tupelo. 



Gumma (gum' -ah) [Ft., gomme: pi., Gummata]. 

 A soft, elastic tumor resulting from a peculiar kind of 

 caseation of tertiary syphilitic inflammatory deposits. 



