HAUNCH 



544 



HEART 



skin-disease, arising from the use of mercury and ar- 

 senic; also an acute irritation of the respiratory tract 

 caused by the fumes of nitrogen tetroxid ; all of these 

 chemicals being used in hat-making. H.'s Con- 

 sumption, a form of pneumonitis occurring in hatters 

 from inhalation of the fur and - dust arising during the 

 process of " finishing and pouncing." 



Haunch (hawnch or hahnch) [Fr. , hanche, haunch]. 

 The part of the body including the hips and the buttocks. 



Haustellum {haws-lel' '-urn) [haustrum, a machine for 

 drawing water: pi. , Haustella~\. In biology, the 

 sucking- apparatus of an arthropod. 



Haustorium {haws-to' -re-um) \_haustus, haurire, to 

 draw: pi. , Haustoria]. 'In biology, the penetrating 

 organs of certain parasitic plants, by means of which 

 they obtain nourishment from their host. 



Haustus {haxvs f -tus) [haurire, to draw]. In phar- 

 macy, a draft. A portion of medicine in the form of 

 a draft. 



Haut Mai {Jio-mahl f ). See Epilepsy. 



Havanna-brown. Same as Phenyl-brown. 



Havers, Canals of. See Canal. H., Glands of. See 

 Gland. H., Spaces of, large and irregular spaces 

 found in growing bone mainly, though also to a lim- 

 ited extent in adult bones. 



Haversian Canal {hav-er f -zhe-un). See Bone and 

 Canal. H. System, a system in bone, consisting 

 of a central opening, or Haversian canal, surrounded 

 by a number of concentric rings. 



Haw [ME., haw, an excrescence in the eye]. I. The 

 third eyelid, nictitating membrane, or winker of a 

 horse. 2. A diseased or disordered condition of the 

 third eyelid of the horse. 



Hawking {haw / -hing )[M.E., hauk, to hawk]. Clearing 

 the throat by a peculiar expiratory current of air. 



Hawley's Food. A variety of Liebig's foods for 

 infants. Its composition is : Water, 6. 60; fat, 0.61 

 grape-sugar, 40.57 ; cane-sugar, 3.44; starch, 10.97 

 soluble carbohydrates, 76.54; albuminoids, 5.38 

 ash, 1.50. 



Hay [ha) [ME., hay, hay]. Grass, cut and dried. 

 H.-asthma. See Fever; Hay. H.-cold. Same as 

 Hay-fever. H. -fever. See Fever. 



Hay's Method. See Treatment, Methods of. • H.'s Re- 

 action. See Strassburg's Test, in Tests, Table of 

 H.'s Test. See Tests, Table of 



Haya Poison {ha'-yah) [said to have been named after 

 Mr. John //ay']. A powerful toxic agent from tropical 

 Africa, said by some to be derived from some species 

 of erythrophleum ; but this has been disputed. A 

 solution of its impure alkaloid (1 to 2 percent.) is a 

 powerful local anesthetic, more persistent in its effects 

 than cocain. 



Haycraft's Method. A method for the estimation of 

 uric acid in solutions. When uric acid is precipitated 

 by an ammoniacal solution of nitrate of silver in the 

 presence of the ammonio-magnesic mixture (see 

 Salkcnvski- Ludwig Method), the precipitate is stated 

 to contain one atom of silver to each molecule of uric 

 acid. The uric acid is then determined by dissolving 

 the precipitate in HNO3, in which solution the silver 

 is finally estimated volumetrically with a standard 

 solution of potassium sulphocyanate. See Uric Acid. 



Hayden's Viburnum Compound. See Viburnum. 



Hayem's Corpuscles. See Blood-plates. H.'s Fluid, 

 a fluid used in hematology. It consists of distilled 

 water, with the addition of sulphate of sodium, two 

 and one-half per cent.; pure chlorid of sodium, one- 

 half per cent.; and bichlorid of mercury, one-fourth 

 per cent. 



Hayward's Treatment. After the operation of arthrec- 

 tomy for tuberculous disease, Hay ward packed the 



cavity with lint saturated with dilute sulphuric acid, 

 one-third the official strength, to hasten the separation 

 of diseased tissues, to stimulate granulations, and to 

 secure ankylosis. 



Head {hed) [ME., hed, the head]. The anterior or 

 upper part of the body. That part of the body con- 

 taining the brain or central nerve-system. Also, the 

 upper end of a long bone, as the femur. H.-ache, 

 any pain in the head, general or local, arising from 

 any cause whatever. According to Hughlings-Jack- 

 son, frontal headaches, such as " sick " and "bili- 

 ous ' ' headaches, are due to disorders of the digestive 

 system; headache at the vertex, to cerebral troubles ; 

 and occipital headache, to anemia. Eye-strain is a 

 frequent source of headache, especially in the frontal 

 region. H. -breeze, Electro-therapeutic, a device 

 for general static cephalic electrization by a head-plate, 

 with numerous insulated pencils for subdividing and 

 accumulating strong currents, and giving more grad- 

 ual effects. See Static Breeze. H. -birth, the birth 

 of the fetal head first. H.-drop, a peculiar nervous 

 disease seen in Japan during the spring and early sum- 

 mer, supposed to be miasmatic in origin. It is at- 

 tended with inability to hold the head erect, paralytic 

 symptoms in the limbs, and optic disorders. One at- 

 tack predisposes to others. H.-fold, an inflection or 

 tucking-in of the layers in front of and beneath the head 

 of the embryo. H.-gut. See Fore-gut. H. -kidney. 

 Same as Pronephros. H. -light Oil. See Burning 

 Oil. H. -locking, a term in obstetrics denoting the 

 entanglement of the heads of twins at the time of 

 birth. H. -measurements. See Cranioi?ietry. 



Heal (hel) [ME., helen, to heal]. To make whole or 

 sound ; to cure. H.-all. See Collinsonia. 



Healing [he' -ling) [ME., helen, to heal]. Union and 

 cicatrization of a wound; applied generally to the 

 cure of disease. H. by First Intention, without the 

 granulating process. H. by Second Intention, by 

 the intermediation of granulations. H. by Third 

 Intention, the direct union of two already granulat- 

 ing surfaces. 



Health {helth) [ME., helth, health]. That condition 

 of the body and its organs necessary to the proper 

 performance of their normal functions. A hale or 

 whole condition of body. H.-lift, an apparatus for 

 exercising those muscles by which weights are lifted 

 directly upward. 



Hear {her) [ME., heren, to hear]. To perceive by the 

 ear. 



Hearing {her'-ing) [ME. , heren,x.o\\ezx]. The special 

 sense by which the sonorous vibrations of the air are 

 communicated to the mind. The cerebral center is 

 excited by the vibration of the fluid contents of the 

 labyrinth, or terminal organs of the auditory nerve. 

 Sound presents three elements, pitch, intensity, 

 and timbre. The first depends upon the number of 

 the aerial vibrations ; the second upon their amplitude ; 

 the third upon their form. 



Heart {hart) [ME., hart, heart]. The organ giving the 

 initiative and chief impulse to the circulation of the 

 blood. It is enveloped by a membranous tissue called 

 the pericardium. It consists essentially of four cavities, 

 a right auricle and ventricle, and a left auricle and 

 ventricle. The movements of the heart may be re- 

 corded by means of the cardiograph, and these tracings, 

 or cardiograms, may be of value in the study of 

 diseased conditions. H., Dilatation of, the abnormal 

 increase in size of any or all of the cavities of the 

 heart. H. -burn, a burning feeling at the epigastrium 

 and lower part of the chest, caused by the acetic or 

 putrefactive fermentation of the gastric contents. H.- 

 clot, coagulation of the blood in the cardiac cavities ; 



