HERMAPHRODITIC 



561 



HERNIA 



\po6irr]. Venus]. An individual affected with her- 



phrodism, q. v. ; usually the condition is due to 



e congenital malformation of the genital organs, 



:h as epispadias, hypospadias, cleft of the scrotum, 



c. , that makes the determination of sex somewhat 



doubtful. For varieties, see Hermaphrodism. 



Hermaphroditic (her-mafro-dit* -ik) ['Epu^c, Mercury ; 

 ■di-ri, Venus]. Pertaining to hermaphroditism, 

 q. v. See also Teratism. 



Hermaphroditism (her-nmf-ro-dit-izm). Same as 

 Hermaphrodism . 



Hermetic, Hermetical (her-nuf -ik, her-met' '-ik-al) 

 e god Mercury, the reputed founder of al- 

 my]. Pertaining to chemistry. Also, having resist- 

 ance to chemic action. Also, protected from exposure 

 to air. H. Medicine, alchemistic or spagyric practice. 

 H. Sealing, the closure of an outlet by cementation or 

 fusion, so that it is impervious to air. Also, the 

 closing or covering of a wound by impervious dress- 

 ings. 



Hermodactyl (her-mo-dak* 'til) ['Epu^c, Mercury ; 



SoktvXoc, ringer]. The root or bulb of Colchicum 



gatum, or C. autumnale : also of Iris tuberosa. 



It was formerly prized in medicine, but is now little 



used, except in India. Unof. 



Hernia (her* '-ru-ah) [liernia, from ipvoc, sprout]. A 

 tumor formed by the protrusion of the contents of a 

 cavity i usually the abdominal) through its wall. Her- 

 nias may be called after their locality, Epigastric, 

 Femoral, Inguinal, Perineal, Scrotal, Umbilical, etc. ; 

 according to their condition, Encysted, Reducible, 

 Strangulated, Purulent, etc. ; according to their con- 

 tents, Cerebral, Intestinal, Omental, Vesical, etc. ; 



I or, lastly, according to their origin, Acquired, Con- 

 tat, Infantile, etc. H., Abdominal, a protrusion 

 of a portion of the abdominal viscera through some 

 portion of the parietes. H., Beclard's, a hernia 

 through the saphenous opening. H., Birkett's, a 

 hernia of the synovial membrane of a joint, following 



! laceration of the capsular ligament. H. of the 

 Bladder, the protrusion of a part of the bladder 

 through one of the openings of the abdominal cavity, 

 viz. : the femoral ring, or external adominal ring ; or 

 it may form part of a ventral hernia after celiotomy or 

 injury, or it may take place through an opening in the 



j floor of the pelvis ; the term was also formerly applied 



! to cystocele, q. v. H. of Brain. See Fungus cerebri. 

 H.. Bruggiser's. Same as H, Preperitoneal. H., 

 Bursal. Same as H, Birkett's. H. carnosa. 

 nym of Elephantiasis arabum. H., Cecal, a 

 hernia containing the cecum (with or without other 

 parts of the bowel). H. cerebri. See Fungus 

 cerebri. H., Chronic, an old hemia. H. of Cloquet. 

 See H. , Pectineal-crura I and Diseases, Table of. H., 

 Complete, a hernia in which the sac and its contents 



» have passed the hernial orifice. H., Congenital, a 

 form of indirect inguinal hernia in which the vaginal 

 process of the peritoneum having remained patulous, the 

 bowel descends at once into the scrotum, in direct con- 

 tact with the testicle. See also If. of the Cord. H.. 

 Cooper's, a variety of femoral hemia with a diver- 

 ticulum through the superficial fascia. See, also, Dis- 



\ \ eases, Table of. H. of the Cord, a congenital condition 

 resulting from arrest of development of the lateral plates, 

 with persistence of the omphalic duct. If the latter does 

 not wither away, the fetal intestines are drawn out into 

 the cord, giving rise to congenital umbilical hernia. 

 H., Crural. See H.. Femoral. H., Cruro-pro- 

 peritoneal, a variety in which an additional sac exists 

 between the peritoneum and abdominal wall, in the 

 cellular tissue of the pelvis, and at the side of the blad- 

 der. H., Cystic. Same as Cystocele, q. v. H., Dia- 



phragmatic, a protrusion of a portion of some of the ab- 

 dominal viscera into the thorax, through a congenital 

 defect in the diaphragm, or through a dilatation 

 or laceration of one of the natural openings. H., 

 Direct Inguinal. See H., Inguinal, Direct. H., 

 Dorsal. Synonym of H, Lumbar. H., Encysted 

 (of Cooper) ; this form occurs when the ventral orifice 

 closes, but the tunica vaginalis remains patulous, 

 allowing the hernia to descend within the latter, push- 

 ing before it the thin septum. H., Epigastric, a 

 hernia in the linea alba, between the ensiform cartilage 

 and the umbilicus. H., External, one appearing 

 upon the external surface of the body. H., Femoral, 

 a protrusion of the abdominal contents through the 

 femoral canal, the tumor appearing on the upper 

 inner aspect of the thigh, below Poupart's ligament. 

 H. of the Foramen ovale. See H., Obturator. H. 

 into the Foramen of Winslow, a lodgment of a 

 portion of intestine in the foramen of Winslow. H., 

 Funicular, a hemia into the umbilical cord. See H. , 

 Infantile. H., Gastric. See Gastrocele. H., Goyrand's 

 or Gourand's. See H., Inguino-interstitial. H., 

 Guttural. Synonym of Goiter. H. of Hesselbach, 

 a femoral hernia with a diverticulum through the cribri- 

 form fascia, the hemia presenting a lobulated appear- 

 ance. See, also, Diseases, Table of. H. of Holthouse. 

 See If., Inguino-crural. H., Humoral. Synonym 

 of Epididymitis, or Swelled Testicle. H., Incar- 

 cerated, an old irreducible hemia which has become 

 occluded by the accumulation of gas, feces, or un- 

 digested food, thus causing obstruction of the bowels. 

 H., Incomplete, one that has not entirely passed 

 through the hernial orifice. H., Infantile, that form 

 of direct inguinal hernia that occurs when the 

 funicular portion of the vaginal process of peritoneum 

 has remained patulous. H., Infantile (of Hey). 

 See H, Encysted. H., Hey's. See H, Encysted. 

 H., Infrapubic. Same as H, Obturator. H., 

 Inguinal, a hernia occupying wholly, or in part, the 

 inguinal canal. H., Inguinal, Direct, a protrusion 

 of the abdominal viscera through the parietes at the 

 site of the external abdominal ring, without hav- 

 ing traversed the inguinal canal. H., Inguinal, 

 External. SeeH, Inguinal, Indirect. H., Inguinal, 

 Indirect, one in which the protrusion occurs at the 

 internal ring, and passes along the inguinal canal. H., 

 Inguinal, Internal. See H. . Inguinal, Direct. H., 

 Inguinal, Oblique. See H., Inguinal, Indirect. 

 H.. Inguino-crural, or H. of Holthouse, a variety 

 of suddenly-developed oblique inguinal hernia, in 

 which, owing to the non-descent of the testicle, or to 

 other causes, the hernia protrudes outward along the 

 fold of the groin. H., Inguino-interstitial, an 

 incomplete inguinal hernia. H., Inguino-labial, a 

 variety of oblique inguinal hernia in the female, corre- 

 sponding to the inguino-scrotal hemia of the male. 

 H., Inguino-properitoneal, or H. of Kronlein, a 

 hernia, with a prolongation of the hernial sac in various 

 directions, within the abdominal walls. H., Inguino- 

 scrotal, the common form of oblique inguinal hernia 

 in men past middle life. H., Intermuscular. Same 

 as H, Inguino-properitoneal. H., Interparietal. 

 Same as H, Inguino-properitoneal. H., Inveterate. 

 See H., Chronic. H. of Iris, a prolapse of a portion 

 of the iris after iridectomy, trauma, etc. H., Irreduc- 

 ible ; a hernia is called irreducible when the protruded 

 viscera cannot be returned to the abdomen by manipu- 

 lation, with complete disappearance of the symptoms. 

 H.,Ischio-rectal. Same as H. , Perineal. H., Ischi- 

 atic, a protrusion of the bowel through the great sacro- 

 sciatic foramen. H. -knife, a probe-pointed knife for 

 incising the constriction of a hernial sac. H. of 



