HYDRAXTH 



579 



HYDRASTIS 



Hydranth (hi' -dranth) [ydpoc, hydra; avdoc, flower]. 

 In biology, the proper nutritive zooid of the Hy- 

 drozoa. 



Hydrargism (hi-drar 1 -gizm) . See Mercurialism. 



Hydrargyria (hi-drar-jir'-e-ah). See Afercurialism. 



Hydrargyriasis (hi-drar-jir-i'-as-is). See Mercurial- 

 ism. 



Hydrargyrism (hi-drar* -jir-izm). See Mercurialism. 



Hydrargyromania (hi-drar-jir-o-ma' -ne-ah) \y8pdp- 

 yvpoc, mercury ; fiavla, madness]. Insanity due to 

 the unwise use of mercury. 



Hydrargyrophobia (hi-drar-jir-o-fo' -be-ah) [vSpap- 

 yvpof , mercury ; ooior, fear] . Morbid dread of mer- 

 curial medicines. 



Hydrargyrophthalmia (hi - drar -jir - off-thai' '-me-ah) 

 [idpapyvpoc, mercury ; boda'/.ui a, ophthalmia]. Oph- 

 thalmia due to mercurial poisoning. 



Hydrargyrum (hi-drar' -jir-um) \_v6pap"/vpoq, mercury : 

 gen., Hydrargyria. Mercury. Quicksilver. Hg = 

 200; quantivalence II, IV. The only liquid metallic 

 element, hence the common name, quicksilver. See 

 Elements, Table of. In medicine, the metal, its 

 nitrate, oxids, chlorids, and iodids are the salts most 

 commonly, the sulphid and cyanid less frequently, 

 used. In small doses continued not too long a time 

 it is a tonic, purgative, and alterative. In larger 

 doses, or too long continued, it is likely to produce 

 pytalism. In " biliousness," mercurial purgatives have 

 long been a favorite remedy, blue-mass, and mercur- 

 ous chlorid or calomel being usually employed. In 

 syphilis, mercuric chlorid and mercuric iodid are 

 generally considered specific. Mercury in the form 

 of calomel is useful in glandular inflammations. Form- 

 erly it was much used in the same form in typhoid 

 fever and malarial fevers. The soluble salts of 

 mercury are highly poisonous. H. ammoniatum, 

 ammoniated mercury, " white precipitate," mercur- 

 ammonium chlorid, XH 2 HgCl, is used externally. 

 H. ammoniati, Ung., " white precipitate ointment" 

 —ammoniated mercury 10, benzoated lard 90 parts. 

 H. benzoas, Hg(C 6 H 5 C0 2 ) 2 . Dose, in pill, gr. ^. 

 H. carbolas, easily absorbed. Dose, in pill, gr 

 H. chloridum corrosivum, HgCl., (H. perch- 

 loridum, B. P.), corrosive chlorid of mercury, 

 mercuric chlorid, " bichlorid of mercury," " corrosive 

 sublimate." Soluble in water and alcohol; anti- 

 syphilitic. Dose gr. sVtV Very poisonous. Liq. 

 hydrarg. perchlorid. (B. P.), contains gr. ss of 

 the mercurial salt to the ounce. Dose Jss-ij. H. 

 chloridum mite, Hg.,Cl, (H. subchloridum, B. 

 P. I, mild chlorid or subchlorid of mercury, mercurous 

 chlorid, " calomel," — laxative, tonic, and antipyretic. 

 Insoluble in water and alcohol. Dose gr. ^5— x. 

 H. subchlor., Ung. t'B. P.), I to 6J of benzoated 

 lard. H.cum ammonia, Emplastrum. See Am- 

 monium. H. cum creta, mercury with chalk, 

 "chalk-mixture," " gray powder,' " contains mercury 

 clarified honey, 10, prepared chalk 57, water q. s. 

 -j gr. ss-x. H. cyanidum, Hg(CX) 2 , mercuric 

 cyanid. Soluble in water and alcohol. It is recom- 

 mended, with aconite, in diphtheria. Dose gr. 

 T7ff - rV Poisonous. H., Emplastrum, mercurial 

 plaster — mercury 30, oleate of mercury 1.2, lead- 

 plaster q. s. H. et arsenii iod., Liq., Donovan's 

 Solution. See Arsenic. H. flav., Lotio, unof., 

 'yellow wash" for syphilitic sores — corrosive sub- 

 limate gr. xviij, lime-water ;$ x. Gilbert's Syrup, 

 unof, hydrarg. biniodid. gr. iij, potass, iodid. gr. 

 cij, water 3 iij, syrup q. s. ad J x. H. iodid. 

 flavum, Hg 2 I 2 , green iodid of mercury, mercur- 

 ous iodid. Dose gr. yj— *• H. iodid. rubrum, 

 Hglj, red iodid or biniodid of mercury, mercuric 



iodid. Soluble in a solution of potassium iodid. 

 Poisonous. Dose gr. 35—rV **• iodid. rub., 

 Ung. (B. P.), one in 28. H., Liniment (B. 

 P.), contains one part of mercury in six. H., Massa, 

 "blue mass," "bluepill," has mercury 33, liquorice 5, 

 althea 25, glycerin 3, confection of rose 34. It is used 

 mainly as a purgative. Dose gr. ss-xx. H. nigra, 

 Lotio, unof., "black wash" for syphilitic sores — 

 calomel gr. xxx, lime-water ^ x. li. nitrat., Liq., 

 solution of mercuric nitrate. It is used as an escharotic. 

 H. nitrat. rub., Ung., unof., red ointment of mer- 

 curic nitrate, brown citrine ointment ; it is made with 

 cod-liver oil. H. nitrat., Ung., citrine ointment, — 

 mercury 7, nitric acid 17, lard-oil 76. H. nitrat.. 

 Ung., Dil. (B. P.), citrine ointment and soft paraffin, 

 1 in 2. H. oleat., contains yellow oxid 20, oleic 

 acid 80. H. oxid. flav., yellow oxid of mercury. 

 Insoluble in water ; soluble in nitric and hydrochloric 

 acids. It is used in the preparation of ointments, etc. 

 H. oxid. flav., Ung., contains 10 per cent, of the oxid. 

 H. oxid. rub., red oxid of mercury. Dose gr. -£§— 

 ^q. H. oxid. rub., Ung., contains 10 per cent, of 

 the oxid. H. salicylas, HgC 6 H 4 OCOO. Dose gr. 

 i, in pill. H. subsulph. flav., Hg(HgO),S0 4 , 

 yellow subsulphate of mercury, basic mercuric sul- 

 phate, "turpeth mineral." Soluble in nitro hydro- 

 chloric acid. Dose, for emesis, gr. ij-v. H. 

 succinimidum has been recommended for hypo- 

 dermatic use. H. sulph. rub., red mercuric sulphate, 

 " cinnabar," is used only by fumigation. H., Sup- 

 positoria (B. P.), each contains gr. v of mercurial 

 ointment. H. tannas, a green powder, rapidly ab- 

 sorbed. Dose gr. j, in pill. H., Unguent., mer- 

 curial ointment, " blue ointment," — mercury 450, lard 

 225, suet 225, comp. tinct. benzoin 40, old mercurial 

 ointment loo; these are triturated until the globules 

 of mercury disappear under a magnifying glass. It 

 is used to produce the physiologic effects of mercury 

 by inunction. 



Hydrarthrosis (hi-drar-thro> '-sis) [ydup, water ; apOpov, 

 joint]. An effusion of fluid into a joint, usually the result 

 of chronic synovitis. It is called also Hydrops ar- 

 ticuli, dropsy of the joint, white swelling, etc. 



Hydrarthrus (hi-drar' -thrus). See Hydrarthrosis. 



Hydrastin (hi-dras' -tin) [vdotp, water ; dpav, to act], 

 C^HojXOg. I. An alkaloid occurring together with 

 berberin (CjpHj T N0 4 -f 4JH 2 0) in the roots of Hy- 

 drastis canadensis (q. v.) ; I J -4 grains may be given per 

 diem, in divided doses. In overdoses it mav have 

 poisonous effects. 2. A precipitate from a tincture of 

 the root of Hydrastis canadensis : it is laxative, chola- 

 gogue, alterative, tonic, antiseptic, etc. Dose gr. j- 

 ij . Unof. 



Hydrastinin (hi-dras' '-tin-it:) [y&up, water; Spav, to 

 act], CjjH^XOj. An alkaloid obtained by the 

 oxidation of hydrastin. It is useful in chronic metritis 

 and in salpingitis, controls hemorrhage, and is a good 

 substitute for ergot. It stimulates the cardiac muscle 

 and causes contraction of the lumen of arteries. Dose 

 of the hydrochlorate gr. ij-iv, hypodermatically. 



Hydrastis ( hi-dras' -tis) [vdup, water; dpav, to act]. 

 Golden seal. The roots of H. canadensis, with pro- 

 perties due to several alkaloids, the principal being 

 hydrastin, q. v. It is a simple, bitter tonic, with anti- 

 periodic properties, and arrests the movements of white 

 blood-corpuscles. It is useful in catarrh of the stomach 

 and urinary organs, and as a lotion in gonorrhea and 

 gleet. Dose of the fld. ext., rrLv-xxx ; of the tinct. 

 (20 per cent.) ^ss-ij. H., Ext., Liquid. (B. P.) 

 Dose TTLv-xxx. H., Glyceritum, hydrastis 10, gly- 

 cerin 5, alcohol and water, q. s. H., Tinct., 20 per 

 cent, strength. Dose n\xx~3J. Unof. 



