HYPOTHENAR 



596 



HYSTERIC 



Hypothenar (hi-poth' -en-ar) \_vtco, under; devap, palm]. 

 The fleshy eminence on the palm of the hand over 

 the metacarpal bone of the little finger. Also, the 

 prominences on the palm at the base of the fingers. 

 Also, the ball of the thumb. 



Hypothermal (hi-po-ther' '-ma/) [vk6, under; deppr;, 

 heat] . Tepid ; denoting a temperature placed ar- 

 bitrarily between 59 and 68° F., or 15 and 25 C. 

 Also, pertaining to the reduction of the temperature 

 of the body. 



Hypothermia (hi-po-ther' '-me-ah ) or Hypothermy 

 (hi' ' -po-ther-me) [wro, under; dip/tr/, heat]. De- 

 ficiency in the heat of the body. 



Hypothesis {Jii-poth' -es-is) [into, under; dkcLc, a posi- 

 tion]. A supposition set forth for discussion or 

 demonstration. A theory assumed as true. 



Hypotonia, or Hypotonus (hi-po-to'-ne-ah, or hi-pot'- 

 o-nus) [y~Q, under ; rdvoc, tension]. Decrease of nor- 

 mal tonicity ; diminution of intraocular pressure. 



Hypotony (hi-pot'-o-ne) \yno, under; rdvog, tension]. 

 Same as Hypotonia. H., Gastric, the reverse condi- 

 tion of gastric hypermotility, q. v. 



Hypotreme (hi' -po-trem) \vtk6, under; Tpij/ua, a hole, 

 (here, a spiracle) : pi. , Hypotretnata~\. In entomology, 

 one of a pair of strong fusiform processes extending 

 obliquely across the anterior coxo-sternal foramina to 

 the lower borders of the anterior spiracles in certain 

 insects (e. g. , Dipterd) ; they strengthen the anterior 

 part of the thoracic wall. (Lowne.) 



Hypotrichous (hi-pof '-rik-us) \yno, under; dpi!;, hair]. 

 In biology, applied to such infusoria as have the 

 locomotor cilia on the under side of the body. 



Hypotrophy (hi-pof '-ro-fe) [ynd, under ; rpefeiv, to 

 nourish]. Subnormal nutrition. A defect in the con- 

 structive or tissue-building powers of the organism. It 

 may be congenital or acquired, and varies much in 

 degree in different individuals, or even in the same 

 individual at different times. 



Hypouremia (hi-po-u-re' '-me-ah) \yn6, under; ovpov, 

 urine ; al/ia, blood]. Diminution of the urea nor- 

 mally present in the blood. 



Hypouricemia (hi-po-u-ris-e' -me-ah) \im6, under; 

 ovpov, urine; a\ua, blood]. Decrease in the uric acid 

 of the blood. 



Hypourocrinia (hi-po-u-ro-krin' -e-ah) [into, under ; 

 ovpov, urine ; Kpiveiv, to separate]. A deficient or too 

 scanty secretion of urine. 



Hypoxanthin (hi-po-zan' -thin) [_bw6, under ; %avd6g, 

 yellow], C 5 H 4 N 4 0. A leukomaine, also known as 

 Sarcin or Sarkin. It occurs, accompanying adenin 

 and guanin, in nearly all the animal tissues and organs 

 rich in nucleated cells. In minute quantities it is a 

 normal constituent of urine. It has also been found 

 in plants, seeds, ferments, and wines. It is a crystal- 

 line body, soluble in cold and boiling water, insoluble 

 in cold alcohol and ether. Hypoxanthin appears to 

 be one of the products formed by the decomposition 

 and successive oxidation of proteid matter previous to 

 the formation of uric acid and urea. It is produced 

 from adenin by the action of nitrous acid. It is non- 

 poisonous. See Kossel ' s Test, and Sarcin. 



Hypsicephaly (hip-sis-e/'-al-e) \yipi, on high ; ne^alr], 

 head]. The condition of a skull with a cranial index 

 of over 75. i°. 



Hypsicranius (hip-sik ra' -ne-us) [vif)i, on high ; upaviov, 

 skull]. Eissauer's term for a skull having the ratio 

 between length and height of 82. 5 to 90. 4 . 



Hypsiliform (hip-sil'-if-orm). See Ypsiliform, 



Hypsodont (hip'-so-dont) [y\j)i. on high ; odovg, tooth]. 

 In biology, applied to such animals as have teeth fur- 

 nished with long crowns and short roots. 



Hypsonosus {hip-son' -o-sus) [i/^oc, height ; vdooc, ill- 



ness]. Mountain-sickness; balloon-sickness ; charac- 

 terized by nausea, headache, epistaxis, etc. 



Hypsophobia (hip-so-fo' -be-ah) [yi/wc , height ; <po[ioc, 

 fear] . Morbid dread of being at a great height ; 

 acrophobia. 



Hypsophyl, (Jiip f -so-fil) [vin, on high ; tybTkov, a leaf]. 

 In biology, one of the leaf-like or bract-like structures 

 subtending a flower or an inflorescence. 



Hypsopisthius (hip-so-pis' '-the-us) \_vibi, on high ; ott/ct- 

 Oiov, occiput]. Lissauer's term for a skull in which 

 the angle included between the radius fixus and the 

 line joining the hormion and lambda is between 33 

 and 41 . 



Hypural (hip-u' '-ral) [vtto, under; ovpd, tail]. In bi- 

 ology, located beneath the tail. 



Hyraceum (hi-ra' '-se-um) [vpa^, a mouse]. A product 

 from South Africa, somewhat resembling castoreum, 

 and believed to be an excretion, perhaps fecal, of 

 Hyrax capensis, the so-called South African cony or 

 cliff- badger. Its use is the same as that of castor. 



Hyssop (his' -op) [baotJTror, an aromatic plant]. Hedge- 

 hyssop. The leaves and tops of Hyssopus officinalis, 

 an aromatic stimulant, carminative, and tonic, much 

 employed in chronic catarrh of the respiratory tract. 

 Dose of the fld. ext. gj-ij. Unof. See also Lophan- 

 thus and G ratio la. 



Hystera (his' -ter-ah) \boripa, womb]. The uterus or 

 womb. Also, the vulva. Also, the placenta or after- 

 birth. 



Hysteralgia (his-ter-al' -je-ah) [voTepa, womb; aTijog, 

 pain]. Pain in the womb. 



Hysteranesis (his ■ ter-an' '-esis) [varepa, womb; aveaig, 

 relaxation]. Relaxation and atony of the uterus. 



Hysteranthous (his-ter-an' -thus) \yarepnq, later ; avdoc, 

 a flower]. In biology, applied to plants in which the 

 leaves do not appear till after the flowers have appeared. 



Hysteratresia (his-ter-at-re' -ze-ah) [yartpa, womb ; 

 arperor, imperforate]. An imperforate or impervious 

 condition of the mouth of the womb. 



Hysterauxesis (his-ter-awks-e' -sis) \yarepa, womb; 

 ab^TjCLc, enlargement]. Enlargement of the uterus, 

 normal (as in pregnancy) or abnormal. 



Hysterectomy (his-ter-ek' -to-me) [varepa, womb ; 

 EKTOfiij, a cutting out]. Excision or removal of the 

 womb by surgical operation. H., Vaginal, removal 

 of the womb through the vagina. 



Hysterelcosis (his-ter-el-ko' -sis) \_varepa, womb ; e/i- 

 Kuoir, ulceration]. Ulceration of the uterus. 



Hysteria (his-te' -re-ah) [vorepa, womb]. A functional 

 disturbance of the nervous system, supposed by early 

 physicians to be due to a disordered condition of 

 the womb. It is now often considered a neurosis? 

 it is not with certainty known whether it is due to 

 structural alteration in any part of the central nervous 

 system, or to abnormal blood-supply. Paralyses, impair- 

 ment of vision, convulsions, sensory disturbances, and 

 psychic manifestations, are usually prominent symp- ' 

 toms. Major and minor types are differentiated, j 

 The popular significance of the term is that of feigned 

 disease, but the physician usually considers the 

 affection real. It is more frequently encountered in 

 females than in males. H., Epileptiform, a synonym 

 of Hystero-epilepsy. H., Major, hystero-epilepsy. H., 

 Minor, hysteria of a mild form. 



Hysteric, Hysterical (his-tcr'-ik, kis-ter / -ik-al ) [varipa, 

 womb]. Pertaining to hysteria, q. v. Also, pertaining 

 to the womb. H. Temperature. Set Thermal Ataxia. 

 H. Breast, a condition of the breast in neurotic 

 women marked by excessive superficial tend< 1 

 diffuse swelling, constant variation in size and hard- 

 ness, and by the recurrence of these symptoms at the 

 menstrual epochs. H. Dyspnea, intensely rapid 



