LEPROMORPHE 



670 



LEPTOMENINGES 



Lepromorphe (lep-ro-mor' '-fe) \_teirpa, leprosy ; /j.op<pr/, 

 form]. An advanced stage in leprosy in which the 

 bones are affected. 



Leprophobia (lep-ro-fo' '-be-ak) [teivpa, leprosy"; <j>6j3og, 

 fear]. Morbid or insane dread of leprosy. 



Leprophthalmia {lep-r off-thai' '-me-ah ) [Atirpa, leprosy; 

 b<f>daAfi6Q, the eye]. Ophthalmia of a leprous charac- 

 ter. 



Leprosarium (lep-ro-sa' -re-uni) [L.]. A leper-house ; 

 leprosery. 



Leprosery (lep' -ro-ser-e) [Fr., leproserie\. Same as 

 Leprosarium. 



Leprosity (lep-ros' '-it-e) \_leprositas, from teirpa, leprosy]. 

 Leprousness ; the state of being leprous. 



Leprosy (lep' -rose) [teirpa, leprosy]. Lepra vera; 

 Elephantiasis gracorum ; Black Leprosy ; Leontiasis ; 

 an endemic, chronic, constitutional disease analogous 

 to syphilis, and varying in its morbid mani- 

 festations according as the brunt of the disease 

 falls on the skin, the nerves, or other tissues. It 

 occurs in three forms, the tuberculated, non-tuber- 

 culated or anesthetic, and the mixed tuberculated. 

 The tuberculated or nodular leprosy is attended at the 

 onset with debility, depression, dyspepsia, diarrhea, 

 drowsiness, chilliness and profuse perspiration, 

 marked vertigo, recurrent epistaxis, fever up to 104 

 F. ; after a variable period of days or even months, com- 

 ing first with edema of the eyelids, the leprous spots 

 appear on the face and ears, and then on the anterior 

 and external surfaces of the limbs. The exanthem is 

 an erythema, varying from a bright-red to a purplish-red 

 or mahogany- red tint, associated with the leprous deposit 

 of well-defined, shiny, slightly raised patches of from 

 one to several inches in diameter. Papules then form 

 in crops, gradually reaching the size of a hen's egg and 

 of a yellowish to a dark-brown color. Tuberculation 

 does not develop until from three to six months after the 

 commencement of the disease. Nodules are most com- 

 mon on the face, limbs, breast, scrotum, and penis. 

 There is also an involvement of the mucous membranes. 

 When the disease is fully developed, the face assumes 

 the characteristic leonine appearance, from thickening 

 of the skin. Ulceration eventually sets in, and the 

 patient dies of exhaustion or complications. Non- 

 tuberculated leprosy is the most common tropical form. 

 The prodromal symptoms are marked, and are asso- 

 ciated at first with hyperesthesia of the skin. At the 

 end of a year the special eruption breaks out, usually 

 on the back, shoulders, posterior aspect of the arms, 

 nails, thighs, and sometimes in the course of nerves. 

 The spots are one or two inches in diameter, well- 

 defined, not raised, and of a pale-yellow color. They 

 spread peripherally, clearing in the center, which be- 

 comes dry, scaly, and anesthetic. Paralysis is usually a 

 late symptom, and ulceration is common. Death results 

 from ulceration, gangrene, marasmus, or general debility. 

 Mixed tuberculated leprosy is the least common form, 

 and its symptoms are a combination of those of the other 

 two varieties. Destruction of the cartilages of the nose 

 and of the soft palate is common. Leprosy is 

 due to the action of a special bacillus, and the 

 disease is almost invariably fatal. L., Anesthetic. 

 See Leprosy, Nerve. L., Articular. Synonym of 

 Lepra mutilans, q. v. L., Black, a form in which 

 the eruption or the crusts are pigmented. L., 

 Cutaneous. See Leprosy. L., Italian. Pellagra, 

 q. v. L., Lombardian. See Pellagra. L., Macular, 

 a form of anesthetic leprosy characterized by the 

 presence of pigmented or white spots. L. of Mal- 

 abar, elephantiasis arabum. L., Mixed Tubercu- 

 lated. See Leprosy. L., Nerve, a form of leprosy 

 characterized by the progressive formation of the 



leprous neoplasm in the peripheral sensory nerves, 

 and to some extent in the motor branches also. 

 The condition is marked by pain along the course 

 of the involved nerves, followed by an eruption of 

 maculae which as they enlarge become anesthetic. 

 L., Nodular. See L., Tubercular, under Leprosy. 

 L., Smooth, anesthetic leprosy. L., Tubercular, 

 and L., Tuberculated. See Leprosy. L., White. 

 See Vitiligo. 



Leprotic (lep-rot'-ik), Leprous (lep'-rus) [ten-pa, lep- 

 rosy]. Affected with, or relating to, leprosy. 



Leprousness (lep'-rus-nes) \leprosus, leprous]. The 

 state of being leprous. 



Leptandra (lep-tan'-drah) [tenrdc, thin ; avi/p, male]. 

 Culver's Root. The rhizome and rootlets of L. vir- 

 ginica, now called Veronica virginica. Its properties 

 are thought to be due to a glucosid, leptandrin. It is 

 a tonic, laxative, and cholagogue, and is indicated in 

 indigestion and chronic constipation. Dose of the 

 ext. gr. j-iij ; of the fld. ext. ITLXX-3J. 



Leptandrin (lep-tan' -drin) [tenroq , thin ; avr/p, male]. 

 The precipitate from a tincture of the root of Leptan- 

 dra (Veronica) virginica; alterative, deobstruent, 

 laxative, cholagogue, and tonic. Dose from 2 to 4 

 grains. Unof. 



Lepthymenia (lep-thi-me' -ne-ah) \azitt6c , thin ; vfil/v, 

 membrane]. Delicacy or thinness of membrane. 



Lepthymenic (lep-thi-men'-ik) [teTrrdq , thin ; v/it/v, 

 membrane]. Relating to lepthymenia. 



Lepto- (lep'-to-) \\e-ktoc, thin, small, slender]. A 

 prefix signifying small or slender. 



Leptocardia (lep-to-kar' '-de-ah) [teirToc , thin ; mpSia, 

 heart] . A group of fishes of which the lancelets are 

 the only representatives. 



Leptocephalia (lep-to-sefa' '-le-ah) [Xe7rr<5c, thin, small ; 

 KEtyaTJj, head]. Abnormal smallness or narrowness of 

 the skull. 



Leptocephalic (lep-to-sefal'-ik), Leptocephalous (lep- 

 to-sef'-al-us) [teivrdq, slight ; netyaTiT], head]. Having 

 an abnormally small head. 



Leptocephalus (lep to-sef'-al-us) \7^etvt6<;, thin ; k> 

 head]. A monster with an abnormally small head 

 from premature union of the frontal and sphenoid 

 bones. 



Leptocephaly (lep-to-sef'-al-e). See Leptocephalia. 



Leptochasmus (lep-to-kaz' -mus) [teirrdc, thin ; jaiy/n, 

 chasm]. Lissauer's term for a skull in which the 

 angle formed by two lines drawn from the punctum 

 alse vomeris to the posterior nasal spine and the 

 anterior margin of the foramen magnum respectively 

 is between 94 and 114 . 



Leptochroa (lep-tok' -ro-ah) [terrrdq, thin ; xP^ a > skin]. 

 Delicacy of the skin. 



Leptochrous (lep' -tok-rus) \tetzr6q, thin ; XP^ a i skin]. 

 Having a delicate skin. 



Leptochymia (lep-to-klvi'-e-ah) [tenrdq, thin ; | 

 juice]. Abnormal thinness or meagerness of the 

 fluids of the body. 



Leptodactylous (lep-to-dak' -til-its) \tem6q, delicate ; 

 ddnTvteic, digit]. Characterized by slenderness of the 

 fingers or toes, or both. 



Leptodera (lep-tod' -er-ah) [a\eizt6c, thin ; Sepoq, skin]. 

 A genus of vinegar eels. L. stercoralis. ! 

 Thread-worms, and Parasites (Animal), Table of. 



Leptodermic, Leptodermous (lep-to-der'-mik, 



der'-mus) [terror, thin; Stpfia, skin]. Having <i 

 delicate skin. 



Leptodontous (lcp-to-don'-fus) [teirrdq, thin ; I 

 tooth]. Having thin or slender teeth. 



Leptomeninges (lep-to-mcn-in' -jez) [te ttt6c, thin ; 

 fMTJviyij, a membrane]. The arachnoid and pia, or UM 

 pia alone. 



