MONSEL'S SOLUTION 



779 



MONSTROSITIES 



nence in front of the body and horizontal ramus of the 

 os pubis ; it is called also, in the female, M. veneris. 

 M. veneris, the mons pubis of the female. 

 Monsel's Solution, M.'s Salt. See Ferrum. 

 Monster (mon'-ster). See Monstrosity. 

 Monstricide {mon' '-stris-id) \nionstrum, monster; cce- 



dere, to kill]. The killing of a monster. 

 Monstriferous {monstrif'-er-us) [monstrum, monster; 



ferre, to bear]. Producing monsters. 

 Monstrosity {rnon-stros' '-it-e) \tnonstrutn, a monster]. 

 I. A teratism ; a fetus or being with an abnormal de- 

 velopment or superfluity or deficiency of parts or some 

 rice of conformation. These may be compound or 

 iouble, single or simple, according as the monster is 

 Dmposed of the malformations of one or more elemen- 

 iry organisms. 2. Teratism ; the abstract quality of 

 ring monstrous ; congenital deformity. A table of 

 lonstrosities is appended. M., Emmenic, Racibor- 

 ri's term for a female child that menstruates during 

 lfancy. M., Parasitic, a compound monstrosity in 

 shich a subsidiary part is nourished by the autosite, or 

 icipal organism. 



TABLE OF MONSTROSITIES.* 



According to Geoffroy Saint-Hi laire, Altered 

 by Hirst and Piersol. 



HEMITERATA. 



ANOMALIES OF VOLUME. 



A. Of Stature, 

 i. General Diminution, as in a dwarf— delayed 



growth . 

 2. General Increase, as in a giant — precocious devel- 

 opment. 



B. Of Volume, strictlv speaking, 

 i. Local Diminution. Affecting — 



a. Regions, as a limb. 



b. Systems, as undeveloped muscles. 



c. Organs as small breasts, stenosis of canals, 

 etc. 



2. Local increase, affecting — 



a. Regions, as the head. 



b. Systems, as the adipose tissue. 



c. Organs, as large breasts in women, lactiferous 

 breasts in men. 



ANOMALIES OF FORM. Single Order, including— 

 deformed heads ; anomalies of shape in the stomach ; 

 deformed pelves, etc. 



ANOMALIES OF COLOR. 



A. Deficiency, complete, partial or imperfect albinism. 



B. Excess, complete, partial or imperfect melanism. 



C. Alteration, as in unusual color of the iris. 



ANOMALIES OF STRUCTURE. 



A. Deficiency in Consistency, as cartilaginous condi- 

 tions of bones. 



B. Excess in Consistency, as anomalous ossification. 



V. ANOMALIES OF DISPOSITION. 

 A. By Displacemknt. 



i. Of the splanchnic organs, as anomalous direc- 

 tion of heart or stomach, hernias, exstrophy of 

 the bladder, etc. 

 '.. Of the non-splanchnic organs, as club-foot, 

 curvature of the spine, misplaced teeth, mis- 

 placed blood-vessels, etc. 

 ByChangk of Connkction 

 i. Anomalous articulations. 



2. Anomalous implantations, as teeth out of line. 



3. Anomalous attachments, as of muscles and liga- 

 ments. 



4. Anomalous branches, as of arteries and nerves. 



5. Anomalous openings, as of veins into the left 

 auricle, of the ductus choledochus in an un- 

 usual situation, of the vagina into the rectum, 

 of the rectum into the male urethra, of the 

 rectum at the umbilicus, cloaca. 



■• * Re P r °duced with the kind consent of the Publishers, from 



Human Monstrosities," Bv Barton Cooke Hirst, M. d., and 



l£orge A. Piersol, m. d. Philadelphia: Lea, Brothers & Co., 



C. In Continuity. 



1. Anomalous imperf orations, as of rectum, vulva, 



vagina, mouth, esophagus. 



2. Anomalous union of organs, as of kidneys, testi- 



cles, digits, teeth, ribs; adhesion of the tongue 

 to the palate. 



D. By Closure, as in complete transverse septum in 



the vagina. 



E. By Disjunction. 



1. Anomalous perforations, as persistence of fora- 



men ovale, ductus arteriosus, urachus. 



2. Anomalous divisions, as splits, fissures in various 



organs, hare-lip, hypospadias, fissured tongue, 

 cleft palate, fissured cheek. 



VI. ANOMALIES OF NUMBER AND EXISTENCE. 



1. By numerical defect, as absence of muscles, 



vertebrae, ribs, digits, teeth, a lung, a kidney, 

 the womb, the bladder, etc. 



2. By numerical excess, as supernumerary digits, 



ribs, teeth, breasts, a double uterus. 



HETEROTAXIS. 



I. Splanchnic Inversion. 



II. General Inversion. 



HERMAPHRODITES.* 



I. True Hermaphrodites. 



a. Bilateral hermaphrodites. 



b. Unilateral hermaphrodites. 



c. Lateral hermaphrodites. 



II. Pseudo-hermaphrodites, with double sexual for- 



mation of the external genitals, but with unisexual 

 development of the reproductive glands (ovaries 

 and testicles). 



a. Male Pseudo-hermaphrodites (with testicles). 



1. Internal pseudo-hermaphrodites. Development 



of uterus masculinus. 



2. External pseudo-hermaphrodites. External geni- 



tals approach the female type ; the monstrosity 

 presents a feminine appearance and build. 



3. Complete pseudo-hermaphrodites (internal and 



external). Uterus masculinus with tubes; sep- 

 arate efferent canals for bladder and uterus. 



b. Female pseudo-hermaphrodites (with ovaries). Per- 



sistence of male sexual parts. 



1. Internal hermaphrodites. Formation of vas def- 



erens and tubes. 



2. External hermaphrodites. Approach of the ex- 



ternal genitals to the male type. 



3. Complete hermaphrodites (internal and external.) 



Masculine formation of the external genitals 

 and of a part of the sexual tract. 



MONSTERS. 



CLASS I.— SINGLE MONSTERS. 



Order I. — Autositic Monsters. 



Species 1. Ectrome- f fhocomelus 



lug J Hemimelus 



j Micromelus 

 I. Ectromelus 



Genus I, 



Genus II, 



Species 2, 



f Sy 



1 Ur 



( Sit 



Single species, Cel- 

 osoma, 



Genus III, 



Species 1. 

 cephalus, 



Species 2. 

 cephalus, 



melus 

 Uromelus 

 Sirenomelus 



Aspalasoma 



Agenosoma 



Cyllosoma 



Schistosoma 



Pleurosoma 



Celosoma 



Xotencephalus 



Proencephalus 



Podencephalus 



Hyperencephalus 



Iniencephalus 



Exencephalus 



Pseuden- ( Nosencephalus 

 ....-< Thlipsencephalus 

 ( Pseudencephalus 



Exen- 



Species 3. Anence- , _ . , 



phalus, / Derencephalus 



( Anencephalus 





♦Klebs' classification of hermaphrodites as eiven by Ahlfeld, 

 is substituted for that of Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire. 



