NETTLIXG-CELL 



965 



XEURATROPHIA 



ung-cell (net'-ling-sel). See Lasso-cell. 

 ettorrhynchus (net-or-in' '-kits) [vTjr-ra, duck ; pvyx<K, 

 bill , snout]. A pseudoparasite present in human feces. 

 See Parasites (Animal ) , Table of. 

 eubauer's Artery. See Arteries, Table of. N.'s 

 Test. See Tests, Table of. 



eubauer and Vogel's Reagent and Test. See Tests, 

 Tall : 



euber's Tubes. Decalcified bone drainage-tubes. 

 rjfchatel Cheese. See Cheese. 

 ;ugebauer's Operation. See Le Fort's Operation, 



Operations, Table of. 

 ;umann, Corpuscles of. See Corpuscle. N.'s 

 Dentinal Sheath, an elastic homogeneous mem- 

 jrane between Tomes' fibers and the ivory of the 

 ientinal canals. N.'s Hematoblasts. Same as 

 Corpuscles. N.'s Membrane. Same as ffis 

 ttinaJ Sheath. N.'s Sheath. See N.'s Dentinal 

 Sheath. 



:urad {tiu' -rod) [yevpov, a nerve ; ad, to]. Toward 

 he neural aspect or axis. 



:uradynamia [nu-rad- in-a' '-me-ah). See Neuras- 

 thenia. 



:uradynamic (iiu-rad-in-am'-ik). See Neurasthenic. 

 :uraemia nu-n '-me-ah). See Neuremia. 

 juragmia (nu-rag'-m:-ah) [vevpnv, nerve; ayu6c, a 

 >reaking]. The bruising or tearing of a nerve-trunk 

 tbove or below its ganglion for the purpose of study- 

 ng the trophic changes that will follow. Also 

 :alled the Neuragmic Method. 

 l:uragmic (nu-rag'-mik) [yevpov, a. nerve; ayuoq, a 

 ireaking]. Pertaining to neuragmia. N. Method. 

 >ee Neuragmia. 



ural nip-rel) [vevpov, nerve]. I. Pertaining to 



ienes. 2. Richard Owen's term for that surface or 



spect of the body which in progressive motion is car- 



ied upright and directed backward in man, and hom- 



dogous surfaces indicated by the position of the ner- 



ous and vascular centers, which surfaces are horizontal 



nd carried respectively upward and downward in ver- 



ebrates below mankind, but are carried downward and 



.pward respectively in the invertebrates. See Dorsal. 



L Arch, the arch formed by the two neurapophyses, 



nd forming the dorsal cover of each section of the 



pinal canal. N. Axis, the spinal cord. N. Canal, 



le dorsal tube of the embryo, formed by the union 



>rsal folds of the lateral tract above the line 



f the embryonic axis. N. Crest. See Crest. N. 



f oramen, the vertebral foramen. See Foramina , 



\ n able of. N. Furrow, a furrow of the blastoderm 



iving rise to a part of the nervous system in insects. 



t is an invagination occurring later than the gas- 



"ula mouth, and exactly in the location from which 



ie latter disappeared, but having no connection 



ith it whatever. N. Groove, the same as the Me- 



Groove, a. v. N. Lamina, the lateral portion 



f the neural arch of a vertebra. N. Metamere, aseg- 



lent of the vertebral column and spinal cord. N. 



'late, the structure formed by the paired cerebral 



idiments in the embryos of certain worms, arising as 



roducts of the ectoderm, sinking below the surface 



id becoming mesodermal. It is the same 'as Medul- 



ry Plate. N. Rows, two rows of cells that develop 



Ueriorly from the neuroblasts, in the embryo of 



md form the rudiments of the ventral cord. 



■ . Tube, the closed medullary groove of the epiblast. 



iralgia (nu-ral' '-je-ah) [velpov, nerve ; ah/oc, pain]. 



severe paroxysmal pain in the area of distribution of 



nerve or along its course. Age, sex, heredity, and 



lemia are important predisposing causes. The true 



iture of neuralgia is obscure ; it is possible that in 



any cases the cause is an inflammatory or circulatory 



55 



disturbance in the nerve-trunk. Among exciting 

 causes cold and traumatism play an important role. 

 Certain disease-poisons, as those of typhoid fever, 

 variola, malaria, and metallic poisons, such as lead, 

 arsenic, copper, mercury, in addition to alcohol and 

 nicotin, are sometimes causative agents of neuralgia. 

 Gout and diabetes also occasionally give rise to neu- 

 ralgia. Finally, there is a class of so-called reflex 

 neuralgias met with in connection with uterine and 

 ovarian disease and occurring in remote organs. 

 Lesions of the central nervous system also give rise to 

 attacks of neuralgic pain. According to their anatomic 

 situation the following forms of neuralgia are de- 

 scribed : trigeminal, tic douloureux or prosopalgia, the 

 most frequent variety ; cervico-occipital ; cervico-bia- 

 chial and brachial ; intercostal ; sciatica or ischias ; 

 coccygodynia ; visceral neuralgias. N. cerebralis. A 

 synonym of Hemicrania. N. dentalis. See Odon- 

 talgia. N., False, nerve- pains due to mechanical 

 compression of a nerve. N. mesenterica. A 

 synonym oi Enteralgia. N., Red. See Erythrome- 

 lalgia. 



Neuralgic (nu-ral'-jik) [yevpov, nerve; a/.yoc, pain]. 

 Pertaining to, or affected with, neuralgia. 



Neurameba (nu-ram-e' -bah) [yevpov, nerve ; auoipi}, 

 change]. In biology, a nerve-cell regarded as an 

 organism. Cf. Myameba, Osteameba. 



Neuramebimeter (nu-ram-eb-im' -et-er) [yevpov, nerve ; 

 afioifHj, return ; fierpov, measure]. The nerve-reply 

 measurer ; an instrument devised by Exner and used 

 in psycho-physics to obtain the reaction-time of ner- 

 vous impressions. 



Neuranagenesis ( nu - ran - aj - en' - es - is ) [vevpov, 

 nerve; avayevvneiv, to renew]. Regeneration or 

 renewal of nerve-tissue. 



Neuranagennema (nu - ran - aj- en f - em -ah) [vevpov, 

 nerve; ava^iwr/ua, that which is renewed]. The re- 

 generated part of a nerve. 



Neuranaphysis ( nu - ran -af- is - is ) [yevpov, nerve ; 

 avaoietv, to grow again]. The renewal, or renewed 

 growth of the nerve-elements. 



Neurapophysis (nu- rap - off' - is -is) [vevpov, nerve; 

 a-6ovaiq, offshoot]. Either one of the two apophyses 

 on each vertebra which blend and form the neural 

 arch, or the dorsal wall of the spinal foramen. 



Neurasthenia ynu-ras-then-i'-ali) [yevpov, nerve ; 

 aafteveia, weakness]. A group of symptoms resulting 

 from debility or exhaustion of the nerve-centers. 

 Among the more common symptoms are a lack of 

 energy, undue readiness of fatigue, disinclination to 

 activity, a sense of fulness or pressure at the top of 

 the head ; pain in the back, impaired memory, and 

 disturbed sleep ; gastrointestinal symptoms, such as 

 anorexia, constipation, fulness after eating, are com- 

 mon ; and amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea in females, 

 and spermatorrhea and impotence in the male, are 

 frequent accompaniments. N., Cerebral, is marked 

 by depression, inability to concentrate the mind, 

 insomnia, irritability, headache, visual disturbances, 

 etc. N. gastrica, feeble digestion of a purely 

 nervous origin. N., Spinal, commonly known as 

 spinal irritation, is characterized by pain in the back, 

 tender points along the spine, weakness of the ex- 

 tremities, great prostration on slight exertion, neuralgic 

 pains, and other nervous manifestations. 



Neurasthenic (nu-ras-then'-ik) [vevpov, nerve ; aafte- 

 veia, weakness]. Relating to, or characterized by, 

 neurasthenia. 



Neuration (nu-ra' '-shun). Same as Nervation. 



Neuratrophia (nu-rat-ro' '-fe-ah)[vevpov, nerve ; arpo<pia, 

 atrophy]. Atrophy, or impaired nutrition, of a nerve, 

 or nerves. 



n 



