NUCLEIFORM 



878 



NUCLEUS 



phorus-containing acid, the chief product obtained 

 by analysis of nuclein. Kossel's formula is C 30 H 32 N 9 - 

 P 3 17 . Nucleic acid occurs free in the heads of the 

 spermatozoa and contains no sulphur. 



Nucleiform (nu' -kle -if-orni) [nucleus, nucleus ; foniia, 

 form]. Resembling a nucleus. 



Nuclein (tin' '-kle-iri) [nucleus, nucleus]. A compound 

 of proteid substances with nucleic acid, obtained 

 by means of artificial digestion, by Horbaczewski, 

 Miescher, Plosz, Geohegen, Hoppe-Seyler, Lubavin, 

 von Jaksch,Vaughan, and others, from pus-corpuscles, 

 the spermatozoa of various animals, testicles, and thy- 

 roid gland, the yolk of hens' eggs, yeast, liver, brain, 

 cows' milk, etc. The results of the analysis of 

 nuclein from different sources are discordant. 



From the r- ,, 



From Pus. Spermatozoa from t lie 



(.Hoppe-Seyler) of Salmon. "'t^aksclT 



{Miescher.) (v.Jaksch.) 



C 49.58 36.11 50.06 



H, 7.10 5.15 7.60 



N, 15.02 13.09 13.18 



P, • 2.28 9.59 1.89 



Hoppe-Seyler's classification of nucleins, as modified 

 by Halliburton, is : (1) Nucleins that contain no pro^ 

 teid. They are synonymous with Nucleic acid, q. v. 

 (2) Nucleins rich in nucleic acid and in reaction very 

 similar to that substance ; they occur in nature in 

 the chromatic fibers of the nucleus. (3) Nucleins 

 that are poorer in nucleic acid ; these form numerous 

 links in a chain, which pass insensibly into those of 

 the next group ; they occur in nature in the nucleoli 

 (pyrenin) and constitute the chief bulk of the sub- 

 stance called plastin. (4) Nucleins that contain 

 very little nucleic acid ; they are chiefly proteid in 

 nature, and pass gradually toward proteids which con- 

 tain no phosphorus whatever. They occur in the nu- 

 clei of cells ; it is difficult to be positive whether the nu- 

 clear matrix is composed chiefly of these or of phos- 

 phorus-free proteids ; probably both are present. They 

 occur in milk (caseinogen) , in egg-yolk (vitellin, icthu- 

 lin, etc.), in aleurone-grains of plants [plant vitellin), 

 and in cell protoplasm generally [cell nucleo-albumin). 

 The great insolubility in alkalies that characterizes 

 nucleins of the third group is not seen in those of the 

 fourth. According to Horbaczewski, nuclein is the 

 source of uric acid. Nuclein has also been proved to 

 possess germicidal properties. 



Nucleo-albumin (nu' -kle-o-al' -bu-min) [nucleus, nu- 

 cleus ; albumen, albumin]. One of the series of nu- 

 cleins obtainable from cell-protoplasm, poorer in nucleic 

 acid than the plastins of the nucleus. It appears to be 

 the most constant of the proteids obtainable from cell- 

 protoplasm, but is not confined to cells, being the chief 

 constituent of tissue-fibrinogen. The chief proteid of 

 milk (caseinogen), the so-called mucin of bile, and the 

 mucinoid substance in the mucus of urine, are nucleo- 

 albumins. Nucleo-albumin is insoluble in acetic acid, 

 precipitable by magnesium sulphate, not reducible by 

 prolonged heat in the presence of an acid ; it is formed 

 by the combination of nuclein and albumin in the pro- 

 cess of digestion. It contains phosphorus. The pre- 

 sence of nucleo-albumin in the urine has been observed 

 in cases of leukemia, icterus, diphtheria, and in scarla- 

 tinal and other varieties of nephritis. 



Nucleochylema (nu-kle-o-ki-le'-mah)[nucleus, nucleus; 

 XM.og, juice]. The fluid filling the interstices of the 

 nucleohyaloplasm. 



Nucleochyme (nu'-kle-o-kim). See Nucleochylema. 



Nucleohiston (nu-kle-o-his' -ton) [nucleus, nucleus ; 

 iar6c, tissue]. A substance found by Lilienfeld in the 

 leukocytes of the blood. It is a combination of nu- 



clein and histon. Nuclein induces coagulation of the 

 blood ; histon prevents it. The liquid state of the 

 blood is dependent on the integrity of the compound 

 formed by these two bodies. Liquidity, then, is due 

 to the leukocytes by virtue of the histon contained i:i 

 them ; as is also coagulation, by reason of the contained 

 nuclein. 



Nucleohyaloplasm (ntt-kle-o-hi'-al-o-plazm) [nucleus, 

 nucleus; va/Mg, transparent substance; -/iiac. 

 mold]. A scarcely tangible substance, which, with 

 chromatin, makes up the threads or mitoma of the cell- 

 nucleus. See Linin. 



Nucleoid (nu' -kle-oid) [nucleus, nucleus; tifior, like]. 

 Shaped like a nucleus. 



Nucleoidioplasm (nu-kle-o-id' ' -e-o-plazm) [nucleus, nu- 

 cleus; Wioq, special ; irMooeiv, to mold]. The idio- 

 plasm of the nucleus. 



Nucleolar (nu-kle' -o-lar) [nucleolus, dim. of nucleus, a 

 nucleus] . Pertaining to the nucleolus. 



Nucleolid (nu-kle'-o-lid) [nucleolus, a little nucleus ; 

 eldoc, like]. A corpuscle resembling a nucleolus. 



Nucleolin (nu-kle' '-o-lin) [nucleolinus~\. The nucleus of 

 a nucleolus. 



Nucleolinus (nu-kle-o li'-nus) [nucleolus, dim. of nu- 

 cleus, a little nut: //., Nucleolini~\. In biology, 

 germinal point within the germinal spot of the nuclei 

 of certain egg-cells. 



Nucleolus [nu-kle' -o-lus) [dim. of nucleus, a nucleus]. 

 The small spheric body within the cell-nucleus. It 

 probably plays but a subordinate part in the life-activity 

 of the cell, although its true function has not 

 been established. 



Nucleomicrosoma (nu-kle-o-mi-kro-so'-mali) [nu 

 nucleus; /xinpog, small; auua, body: pi. , Nucleomicro- 

 somata~\ . Any one of the many minute tangible bodies 

 that make up each fiber of the nucleoplasm. 



Nucleopetal (mi-kle-o-pet'-al)[nucleus, nucleus;/ 

 to seek]. Seeking the nucleus (said of the movement 

 of the male pronucleus toward the female pronm 



Nucleoplasm (nu' - kle - o - plazni) [nucleus, nucleus; 

 TrAaaaeiv, to mold]. The formative hyaloplasm of 

 the nucleus; chromatin. E. van Beneden (li- 

 the nucleus of the ovum as composed of a membrane 

 within which is a network of chromatin, containing in 

 its meshes a fluid substance. The whole of this 

 he calls the nucleoplasm, composed of : 1. An achro- 

 matic substance in fine moniliform filaments. 2. A 

 chromatic substance permeating the whole. He sup- 

 poses each fiber to consist of minute bodies, n 

 stained, called Nucleomicrosomata. Strasburger de- 

 scribes a nucleus as consisting of Nucleoplas 

 Karyoplasmd) in which there are two matters, the 

 nucleomicrosomata, taking up pigment, and the nu 

 hyaloplasm, not stained. 



Nucleoplasmatic, Nucleoplasmic (nu - kle - o-plat 

 mat'-ik, nu-kle-o-plaz' -mik) [nucleus, nucleus ; 

 aetv, to mold]. Relating to nucleoplasm. 



Nucleoplastic (nu- kle-o-plas' -tik). Synonym o! 

 cleoplasmatic. 



Nucleus (nu'-kle-us) [nucleus, from mix, nut]. The 

 essential part of a typical cell, usually round in 

 outline, and situated near the center. Tin- 

 around which the mass of a crystal aggreg 

 the central element in a compound, us the carbon in 

 hydrocarbons. In physiology, the controlling or motot 

 center of a muscle or organ ; also, the deep 

 (nidus or nidulus) of a nerve. N. ambiguus. N.. 

 Anterior, a center near that of the vagus. N. amyg- 

 dalae, an irregular aggregation of cinerea situated 

 the apex of the temporal lobe of the brain. Ix ' 

 it and the apex of the middle ventricular horn; II 

 lies ventrad of the lenticula. N., Amygdaloid. 



