OPERATIONS 



' alternating with one o! the deep. Sanger-Tait's. See 

 Tait 's operation. Sanson's, for excision of 'the knee ; 

 similar to Textor s operation. Sauter's, for colpo-hys- 

 tomv ; vaginal hysterectomy, the ovaries and tubes 

 being left in situ. Sauter-Recamier, for hysterec- 

 tomy; the same as Sauter's operation Sayre's : I. 

 ¥ ox ankylosis of the hip; section of the femur above 

 the lesser trochanter, with removal of a semicircular 

 piece of bone and rounding of the upper shaft-end so 

 as to facilitate the formation of a false joint. 2. For 

 excision of the hip-joint: the subperiosteal method; 

 the incision is made down to the bone, the periosteum 

 is peeled off and the bone is divided above the tro- 

 chanter minor. 3. Intertrochanteric osteotomy for the 

 formation of a false joint in ankylosis ; removal of a 

 disc of bone from between the trochanters, having its 

 upper surface convex and its lower surface Hat. 

 Scalping Operation. See Gerd/s operation. 

 Scarpa's: I. For iridodialysis ; a needle is plunged 

 through the sclerotica, the point passed through the 

 superior internal border of the iris from behind for- 

 ward, and with a see-saw motion the iris is detached 

 in one-third of its circumference. 2. For ligation of 

 the femoral artery ; it is done at the middle of Scarpa's 

 triangle. 3. For stricture of the lacrymal duct ; in- 

 cision of the anterior wall of the sac and the intro- 

 duction of a leaden style into the duct. Schafer's, a 

 method of arterial transfusion; the dorsalis pedis 

 artery is exposed in each subject and the distal ends are 

 ligated ; glass cannula attached to rubber tubing are 

 then tied into the arteries, both ends being directed 

 toward the heart. Schede's : I . For carcinoma of 

 the rectum ; a modification of Kraske 's operation in 

 which the free edge of the peritoneum is secured to 

 the serous surface of the gut ; a preliminary inguinal 

 colotomy is performed to avoid the fecal fistula and 

 protracted healing. 2. For genu valgum ; osteectomy 

 of the tibia and a linear complex osteotomy of the 

 fibula. Schmalz's, for stricture of the lacrymal duct ; 

 the introduction of a thread through the sac, and as 

 far into the duct as possible. Schmidt's, for iridodi- 

 alysis ; the same as Scarpa's operation. Schmitz's, 

 for genu valgum : the same as Ogston's operation, ex- 

 cept that it is done through a larger wound. Schon- 

 bein's, for staphyloplasty ; a flap of mucous membrane 

 is taken from the posterior pharyngeal wall and is 

 stitched to the velum in order to shut off the nose 

 from the mouth. Schramm's, for carcinoma of the 

 cervix uteri ; the injection of antiseptic fluids directly 

 into the carcinomatous tissues ; he employs a solution 

 of corrosive sublimate. Schroeder's : 1. Colpor- 

 rhaphy ; the removal of a single long and broad strip 

 of the vaginal wall and the approximation of the cut 

 edges by sutures. 2. Hysterectomy ; celiotomy and 

 removal of the entire body of the uterus, with 

 intra- peritoneal treatment of the pedicle. 3. Trache- 

 lorrhaphy ; the whole of the erosion is exsected, and 

 stitches introduced. Schroeder and Lohlein's, for 

 pruritus vulva; excision of the diseased skin. Schiick- 

 ing's, for prolapse of the uterus ; vaginal hysteropexia 

 by means of a special needle, the thread being passed 

 through the uterine cavity, out at the fundus, and 

 through the anterior vaginal vault ; the two ends are 

 tied together and allowed to slough out. Schueller's, 

 for entropion ; two elliptic skin-incisions are made, 

 united at their ends, and the distal margins are sutured 

 together, over the included portion of attached skin. 

 Schultze's, for retrodisplacements of the uterus ; it con- 

 sists in carefully tearing the adhesions from the uterine 

 surface while replacing the uterus. Schwalbe's, for 

 reducible hernia ; it consists in the subcutaneous in- 



923 OPERATIONS 



jection of alcohol (from 20 to 70 percent.), by means 

 of a Pravaz syringe, into the ring as near- as possible to 

 the hernial sac ; the amount injected is two or three 

 grams ; these injections are repeated in from four to 

 fourteen days, according to the sensitiveness of the pa- 

 tient and the amount of reaction ; they are then omitted, 

 and recommenced after a pause of from eight to four- 

 teen days; the ring is eventually closed by fibrous 

 thickening and contraction ; the duration of treatment 

 varies from one month to two-and-a-hali years or 

 more. Schwartze's, for mastoid and middle-ear 

 disease ; opening of the mastoid cells by the use of 

 the hammer and chisel. Schweigger's, for advance- 

 ment of a rectus muscle ; the muscle is transfixed by 

 catgut sutures, a portion of the tendon is removed and 

 the ends are approximated by passing the sutures that 

 have been placed in the muscle. Scoutetten's : I. 

 A method of performing amputation ; the oval opera- 

 tion in which a single flap is made on one side of the 

 limb to be received into a corresponding space on the 

 opposite side. 2. For amputation at the hip-joint; 

 disarticulation by the modified oval method, with the 

 summit of the incision on the outer side. Sedillot's : 

 I . A method of performing amputation ; the combina- 

 tion of the flap and circular methods ; the superficial 

 flaps are formed from within outward, and the deep 

 muscles are divided circularly. 2. For amputation at 

 the ankle-joint; this method resembles Syme's operation, 

 except that the flap is made from the inner and plantar 

 surfaces of the foot and ankle. 3. For amputation of 

 the leg; it is done at the " place of election" by a 

 large external flap cut by transfixion. 4. For ampu- 

 tation of the thigh ; it is done by a single long anterior 

 flap, the structures at the back of the limb being 

 divided to the bone by one transverse incision. 5. 

 Chiloplasty for restoration of the lenver lip ; vertical 

 flaps are taken from either cheek, and brought together 

 in the median line, to form the lip. 6. Chiloplasty 

 for restoration of the upper lip ; the formation of quad- 

 rangular flaps extending below the level of the mouth 

 and attached above ; it is the reverse of Dieffenbach'' s 

 operation. 7. For double hare-lip; flaps consisting of 

 the outer margins of the clefts are turned down to 

 form the red border of the completed lip, and are 

 united in the middle line, oblique incisions being made 

 upward and outward to free the outer segments ; the 

 central tubercle is then pared, and the raw surfaces 

 are brought together. 8. For excision of the hip ; it is 

 done by raising a flap from over the great trochanter. 

 9. For excision of the knee ; it is done by two lateral 

 vertical incisions. 10. For excision of the tongue ; a 

 modification of A'oux's operation, a. v. II. For gastros- 

 tomy ; a transverse incision is made below the xiphoid 

 cartilage. 12. For ligation of the innominate artery ; 

 an incision is made between the heads of the sterno- 

 mastoid muscle. 13. For the removal of a naso- 

 pharyngeal polyp ; a linear incision is made through 

 the soft palate, and extended as far up on the hard 

 palate as the palatomaxillary suture ; by means of 

 the periosteal elevator, the palatal processes are 

 denuded first on the oval surfaces, then on the nasal ; 

 the horizontal plate of the palatal bone is then ex- 

 sected by scissors or forceps, and the edges of the 

 wound are to be united by sutures. 14. For staphylor- 

 rhaphy ; liberating incisions are made on each side 

 of the suture. 15. For strabotomy ; an incision is 

 made over the body of the muscle ; when the latter 

 is completely exposed, the hook is inserted and division 

 made with the scissors Semiramidian Operation, 

 castration ; a name proposed for castration on the belief 

 that it was first performed by Semiramis. Semon's 

 {Felix), for adenoid vegetations of the naso-pharynx ; 



I 



