

OPERATIONS 



strip of mucous membrane around the anus, including 

 the tumors. 2. For excision of the tongue; removal 

 through the mouth, using only scissors. 3. Tracheoto- 

 my ; the incision is made in the usual situation, but of 

 greater length than is common. Wickerkiewicz's, 

 for scleritis ; the removal by means of a small sharp 

 spoon of the diseased tissue in stubborn cases. 

 Wickham's, for varicocele; it is done by Heur- 

 teloup's modification of Henry's clamp, with removal 

 of a large amount of scrotum. Wilde's: I. For 

 mastoid or cerebral abscess; the bone is exposed 

 .'rom the base to the apex of the mastoid process, 

 \ yd inch behind the auricle, and if necessary, the 

 bone is opened with a drill, gouge, or trephine. 

 1. For staphyloma ; very similar to Critchett's oper- 

 ation, q. v. 3. For trichiasis ; an incision is made 

 to the roots of the inverted cilia followed by 

 cauterization with silver nitrate and removal of the 

 cilia. Willett's, for talipes calcaneus; the tendo 

 Achillis is divided obliquely and the cut ends are slid 

 past each other until the proper shortening is obtained, 

 when they are stitched in place. Williams', for lacri- 

 mal stricture; a modification of Walton s operation ; 

 dilatation by large silver probes. Winckel's, for 

 vaginal hysterectomy ; after securing the cervical por- 

 tion of the uterus an incision is made in the anterior 

 vaginal vault, and is carried spirally around the cervix, 

 ligating the vessels when necessary, and exerting 

 steady traction on the uterus ; the peritoneal cavity is 

 thus easily penetrated, and posteriorly the entire 

 supracervical portions of the broad ligament can be 

 plainly seen and ligated in position. Winiwarter's, 

 -.Urostomy ; it is performed in two stages; 

 n the first the gall-bladder is united to the upper por- 

 tion of the jejunum and the parts are fixed to the pari- 

 neritoneum ; in the second, after about five days, 

 the bowel is incised and a communication is estab- 

 lished between the latter and the gall-bladder. Wit- 

 zel's, for gastrotomy ; an incision is made, four inches 

 _-, beginning at the middle line and running to the 

 eft a finger's breadth below the border of the ribs ; 

 he fibers of the rectus muscle are separated by the 

 . is and not divided ; the stomach is brought out- 

 ide of the wound and opened toward the cardiac ex- 

 remity, and a rubber tube introduced; the stomach is 

 hen returned and sutured to the margin of the abdom- 

 lal opening. Wladimiroff s, for tarsectomy ; the 

 eel portion of the foot, consisting of the astragalus, 

 ie calcis, and the soft parts covering them, is re- 

 ed ; the articular surfaces of the tibia, fibula, cub- 

 ind scaphoid are sawn off and the foot is brought 



a straight line with the leg. Wladimiroff- 

 likulicz's, for tarsectomy ; the same as Mikulicz's 



Woelfler's, for gastro-enterostomy ; the 



t of the jejunum is united by sutures to the mid- 



e of the anterior surface of the stomach and a commu- 



n is established between the two. Wolfs, for 



' nd and middle-ear disease ; it consists in penetra- 



ig the bony partition between the antrum and the ex- 



rnal auditory canal by successive layers, after removal 



the soft parts. This operation is indicated for sub- 



riosteal removal of exostoses and hyperostoses of the 



ditorv canal, in caries in the upper and back part of 



e auditory canal, and when the transverse sinus is so 



r forward as to interfere with other operations. 



Wolfe's : 1. For ectropion ; transplantation of a flap 



>m a distance, without a pedicle. 2. For retinal de- 



hmciit ; a vertical incision is made in the conjunctiva 



1 subconjunctival tissue, and an oblique incision into 

 - sclera, followed by gentle pressure and suture. 3. 

 ■r symblepharon : transplantation of the conjunctiva 

 a rabbit after division of the adhesions of the lid. 4. 



II 



929 OPERCULIGEROUS 



For tympanic granulations ; scraping away of the pro- 

 liferating granulations by small, sharp spoons of vari- 

 ous shapes. Wolfier's, for pyloric stenosis; gastro- 

 enterostomy in malignant disease of the pylorus. 

 Wood's >y.): I. For rhinoplasty; a new nose is 

 formed from a broad flap taken from the upper lip. 2. 

 For ectopia vesica? ; closure by means of three flaps, a 

 reversed upper or umbilical, and two lateral trans- 

 planted flaps which are made to cover over the upper 

 one. 3. For hypospadias ; the anterior half ot the ure- 

 thra is formed from the prepuce (if redundant), and the 

 remainder by means of a flap cut from the front of the 

 scrotum. 4. For the radical cure of hernia; (1) the 

 hernial canal is closed by subcutaneous sutures through 

 the tendinous structures forming its boundaries ; (2) for 

 small herniae and herniae in children, a pair of rectan- 

 gular pins are used instead of sutures. 5 . For vari- 

 cocele ; a modification of Ricord's operation; it con- 

 sists in the application of a single subcutaneous liga- 

 ture of annealed iron wire, the ends of which are 

 fastened to a light steel spring, the veins being divided 

 by the constant tension. Woolhouse's, for the 

 formation of an artificial pupil ; division of the 

 fibrous deposit binding the iris by means of a needle 

 introduced through the sclerotica. Wright's (G.A.) : 

 I. Arthrectomy ; the interior of the knee-joint is 

 exposed by an anterior transverse curved incision, and 

 all of the diseased tissues, including the synovial 

 membrane, ligament, cartilage, and bone, are removed 

 by erasion. 2. For cataract-extraction ; an incision is 

 made with Beer's knife entirely within the cornea ; 

 puncture and counter-puncture are made at the sclero- 

 corneal junction. Wiitzer's, for the radical cure of 

 inguinal hernia ; plugging of the hernial canal by an 

 invagination of the scrotum, and its retention by a 

 special instrument, thus exciting adhesive inflammation 

 in the neck of the sac. Wyeth's (_/. A.) : I. ¥or am- 

 putation at the hip-joint ; the " bloodless'''' method ; two 

 steel mattress-needles are inserted in the tissues and 

 rubber tubing is passed several times around the limb 

 above the needles. 2. For internal urethrotomy ; it 

 is done with a modification of Otis's urethrotome. 

 Wylie's, for retroflexion of the uterus ; shortening of 

 the round ligaments after abdominal incision ; the lig- 

 aments are folded upon themselves and sutured. Zel- 

 ler's, for webbed fingers ; a triangular flap is dissected 

 up on the dorsal aspect of the root of the web, and the 

 latter is divided, after which the apex of the flap is 

 drawn down between the fingers and attached to a pre- 

 pared raw surface on the palm. 



Operative (op r -er-a-tiv) [operari, to labor]. Effective ; 

 pertaining to an operation. O. Dentistry, the depart- 

 ment of dentistry that pertains to the surgical treat- 

 ment of diseases of the teeth and surrounding parts. 



Operator (op / -er-a-tor) [operari, to labor] . A surgeon. 



Operatory (pp> ' -er-at-or-e) [operator, a worker]. A 

 laboratory. 



Opercle (o-per'-kl) [operculum, a lid]. See Operculum. 



Opercular \o-per* -ku-lar) [operculum, a lid]. Pertain- 

 ing to an operculum. Designed for closing a cavity. 

 Having an operculum. 



Operculate {o-per f -ku-ldt) [operculum, a lid]. Possess- 

 ing an operculum. 



Operculiferous (o-per-ku-lif -er-us) [operculum, a lid ; 

 ferre, to bear]. In biology, having an operculum. 



Operculiform {o-per 1 ' -ku-liforni) [operculum, a lid ; 

 forma, form]. In biology', resembling an operculum. 



Operculigenous {o-per-ku-lif -en-us) [operculum, a lid ; 

 gignere, to produce]. In biology, having an oper- 

 culum. 



Operculigerous {o-per-ku-lif -er-us) [operculum, a lid ; 

 gerere, to carry]. Having an operculum. 



