PAINFUL 



960 



PALATE 



creased vascularity of the epiphyses of long bones ; 

 others believe them to be rheumatic. P. -joy [Ger. , 

 Schmerzfreude\ Hysteric enjoyment of suffering ; a 

 symptom not uncommon in a certain class of neuras- 

 thenic patients. P., Jumping, the pain peculiar to 

 disease of joints when the bone is exposed by ulcera- 

 tion of the cartilage. P., Lancinating. See P. , 

 Fulgurant. P., Lightning. See P., Fulgurant. 

 P., Osteocopic, bone-tiring pains ; a common symp- 

 tom of secondary syphilis. P., Shooting. See P. , 

 Fulgurant. P., Starting. Synonym of P., Jumping. 

 Ps., After-, those following labor, and caused by the 

 uterus contracting to expel clots, etc. , or to resume its 

 normal proportions. Ps., Bearing-down, pains with 

 a sensation of dragging or bearing down of the pelvic 

 organs, occurring in labor and in various inflammatory 

 affections of the female pelvic organs. Ps., False, 

 those occurring in the latter part of pregnancy, not 

 preceded by the premonitory signs of labor and not 

 directly caused by labor. Ps., Grinding, the labor- 

 pains during the stage of dilatation of the os uteri. 

 Ps., Irregular, those not recurring according to the 

 normal periodic or rhythmic nature of uterine contrac- 

 tions. Ps. of Labor, a synonym for uterine contrac- 

 tions, since these are attended by pains, increasing 

 in severity according to the intensity and frequency 

 of the contractions. Ps., Premonitory, so-called 

 painless uterine contractions preceding the onset of 

 true labor. 



Painful (pan'-ful) [ME., paine, pain]. Characterized 

 by pain. P. Heel. See Pododynia and Achillodynia. 



Paint [pant). See Pigments, Colors, and Dye-stuffs. 



Painters' Colic. See Colic. 



Pair (par) [ME.,/«ot, a pair]. Two similar organs, 

 one right and the other left, occupying the same rela- 

 tive position on either side of the body ; as a. pair of 

 nerves. 



Pajot's Law. The law governing the rotating move- 

 ments of the child during labor. It is expressed as 

 follows: When a solid body is contained within an- 

 other, if the receptacle is the seat of alternations of 

 movement and repose, and its surfaces are slippery and 

 but slightly angular, the contained body will tend in- 

 creasingly to accommodate its form and dimensions to 

 the form and capacity of the receptacle. P.'s Ma- 

 neuver. Same as P.'s Method. P.'s Method, a 

 method of decapitation of the fetus in embryotomy. 

 It consists in passing a strong cord around the child's 

 neck, and by a sawing movement cutting through 

 the parts. The vagina should be protected by a 

 speculum. 



Paku-kidang (pa'-ku-kid'-ang) [Sumatra]. A drug 

 obtained in Sumatra from several species of ferns. 

 Under the name of Agnus scythicus it was formerly 

 used as a styptic. Unof. 



Pal's Method. A method of staining the tissues of 

 the central nervous system. Allow the sections that 

 have been hardened in Midler's solutions and then in 

 alcohol to remain from five to six hours in Weigert's 

 hematoxylin, and wash in distilled water till no more 

 dye is removed. Then place the sections in potassium 

 permanganate solution (0.25 per cent.) for from 15 to 

 20 seconds to differentiate, then in Pal's solution for 

 from 1-2 minutes till the gray and white matter be- 

 come well defined. Wash for from 15 to 30 minutes 

 in water. If black spots appear at any stage, reverse 

 the steps and then repeat. The medullary sheaths 

 stain bluish-black. To stain nuclei follow with alum- 

 carmin ; dehydrate ; clear ; mount. P.'s Solution. 

 A solution used in Pal's Method. It consists of 

 oxalic acid I part, potassium sulphite I part, distilled 

 water 200 parts. 



Pal-Exner Method. A method of staining nerve-cen- 

 ters. Cut the brain or the cord into ]^ -inch squares ; fix 

 and harden the segments for two days in ten times the 

 volume of 0.5 per cent, osmic-acid solution; change 

 each day ; wash in water; pass up to absolute alcohol, 

 and embed in celloidin. Place the sections as fast as 

 cut in glycerin; treat with 0.25 per cent, aqueous 

 solution of potassium permanganate for from 15-20 

 seconds; pass through Pal's solution for from 1-2 

 minutes; stain the nuclei with alum-carmin ; dehy- 

 drate; clear; mount (after Squire). 



Pala (pa'-lah) [L. , a " spade "]. 1. A thin lamella 

 connecting the fimbria and the tenia of the brain. It 

 has a shape like the blade of a turf-cutter. 2. [Native 

 Hawaiian]. The Hawaiian word for syphilis. 



Paladina's Palladium Chlorid Method. See Stains, 

 Table of. P.'s Fonifero. See Phoniphore. 



Palseo- (pa'-le-o-) [irahacSc , old]. A prefix denoting 

 old, early, long ago, etc. For words thus beginning 

 see Paleo-. 



Palama (pal f -am-ah) [naTiaur], the palm of the hand: 

 pi. , Palama']. In biology, the webbed state of the 

 toes of certain animals, either palmation, semi-palma- 

 tion, toti-palmation. 



Palamosyphilolepis (pal-am-o-sifil-o-lep' -is) [iraM/M/, 

 palm of hand; Syphilis, syphilis; /Utt/c, scale]. A 

 squamous syphiloderm of the palm. 



Palatal (pal' '-at-al) [palatum, palate]. Pertaining to 

 the palate ; palatine. P. Glands. See GLvni, Pala- 

 tine. P. Reflex. See Reflexes, Table of. 



Palate (pal f -at) [palatum, palate]. The roof of the 

 mouth. P., Artificial, a plate of hard material used 



Median Section of Mouth and Nasal Fossae. 

 1. Left nostril. 2. Upper Literal cartilage. 3. Inner ; 

 of lower cartilage. 4. Superior turbinated bone and n 

 5. Middle turbinated bone and meatus. 6. Interioi 

 ated bone and meatus. 7. Sphenoid sinus. 8. Po; 

 nasal fossa. 9. Internal orifice or pavilion of Eustachian 

 tube. 10. Velum palati. 11, 11. Vestibule of mouth. 

 Palatine vault. 13. Genio-glossus muscle. 14. Genio-hyoid. 

 15. Mvlo-hvoid. 16. Anterior pillar of velum palati 

 Posterior pillar. 18. Tonsil. i9.«Circumvallate pap 

 tongue. 20. Cavity of larynx. 21. Ventricle. 22. 1 pii 

 23. Hvoid bone. 24. Thyroid cartilage. 25. Thyro-nyold 

 membrane. 26. Posterior portion of cricoid cartilage. 27' 

 Anterior portion. 28. Crico-thyroid membrane. 



