PARASITES 



'inium mammosum, Railliet; Diplodinium ros- 



, Fior. ; Diplodinium uficinatum, Fior. (found 



large intestine of horses) ; Diplodinium vortex, 



-Dipylidium cucumerina, Leuckart (1863). 



See Ttcnia canina, Linne (1767). — Dipylidium 



.atissima, Riehm. — Dipylidium leuckarti, Riehm. 



—Dipylidium pectinatum, Riehm. See Tcenia pecti- 



:ata, Goeze. — Diskostoma acephalocystis, Goodsir 



1S44). See Echinococcus polymorphus, Diesing 



-Dispharagus nasutus, Rudolphi. Syn., 



nasuta, Rudolphi ; Spiroptera nasuta, Ru- 



.olphi. A filaria-like worm found in the wall of the 



.izzard of the fowl and sparrow, at times so closely 



acked together as to form a kind of tissue and giving 



ise to an epizooty. — Dispharagus spiralis, Molin. 



'his was found in the esophagus of the fowl and also 



1 the intestine by Fedschenko in Turkestan. — Dis- 



oma armatum, Molin, is found in the intestine, 



ecum. and rectum of the domestic fowl in Italy. — 



Jistoma buskii, Wedl, Lankester (1857J. See Dis- 



mta crassum, Busk. — Distoma campanulatum, 



>colani. See Distoma truncatum, Rudolphi. — 



)istoma capense, J. Harley. See Gyncecophorus 



armatobius, Diesing ; Distoma cavice, Sonsino. This 



'as found by Del Chiappa in the biliary ducts of the 



uinea-pig. It resembles Fasciola hepatica, of which 



i'eumann suggests that it maybe but a young form. — 



tistoma columbae, Mazzizanti. See Mesogonimus 



\munutatus, Sonsino. — Distoma commutatum, 



)iesing. See Mesogonimus commutatus, Sonsino. — 



)istoma conjunctum, Cobbold (1859). Moniez 



;gards it as not unlikely that this is identical with 



f>istoma sinense, Cobbold, rather than with Distoma 



Vuncatum, Rudolphi. See Distoma truncatum, 



Rudolphi. — Distoma conus, Creplin. See Distoma 



runcatum, Rudolphi. — Distoma crassum, Busk 



J1859), nee von Siebold (1836), Cobbold, Leuckart. 



,iyn., Distoma buskii, Wedl, Lankester (1857) ; Dicro- 



\tliitm buskii, Weinland (1858). This was found in 



he human intestine. " No other instance has occurred 



iince the original fourteen specimens were discovered 



iy Mr. Busk in the duodenum of a Lascar " (Cobbold). 



-Distoma cuneatum, Rudolphi. This was found 



Iy Gurlt in the oviduct of the peacock. Rudolphi 



insiders it very similar to Distoma ovatum, Rudolphi. 



-Distoma dilatatum, Miram. Found in the rectum 



;nd cecum of the domestic fowl; rare. — Distoma 



chinatum. Zeder. Dujardin and von Linstow con- 



der Distoma oxycephalum, Rudolphi, as a variety of 



jliis species. It is found in the intestine of the 



omestic duck and goose, rarely in the fowl. Gene- 



[ili found it in the duodenum of a dog and Nathusius 



m the black stork. According to the researches of 



agenstecher and Ercolani, the larvae (Cercaria 



'hmatoides) are the most common distome larvae 



;>und in the aquatic molluscs, Limncea, Planorbis, 



jnd Paludina. — Distoma elegans, Rudolphi, is 



>und in the intestine of the domestic sparrow. — 



Jistoma elephantis, Jackson. See Fasciola jack- 



>m, Cobbold. — Distoma endemicum, Ijima. See 



distoma sinense, Cobbold. — Distoma felineum, Ri- 



alta. See Distoma truncatum, Rivolta. — Distoma 



lum, Dujardin. This is found in the intestine of the 



: omestic sparrow. — Distoma haematobium, Bilharz. 



; ee Gyncecophorus hcrmatobius, Bilharz. — Distoma 



epaticum, Retzius (1786), Abildgaard, Zeder, 



Iehlis. See Fasciola hepatica, Linne (1767). Cf. 



Estonia lanceolatum, Mehlis. Cf. Fasciola jacksoni, 



obbold. — Distoma hepatis endemicum seu per- 



iciosum ; Distoma hepatis innocuum, Baelz 



1883). See Distoma sinense, Cobbold. — Distoma 



eterophyes, von Siebold (1852), Kuchenmeister, 



989 PARASITES 



Bilharz. Syn., Fasciola helerophyes, Moquin-Tandon 

 (i860) ; Dicroccelium helerophyes, Weinland (1858). 

 — Distoma japonicum, R. Blanchard (1886). See 

 Distoma sinense, Cobbold. — Distoma lanceolatum, 

 Mehlis (1825), Bucholz, Dujardin. Syn., Distoma 

 hepaticum, Zeder (1800), Rudolphi (1810), Bremser ; 

 Distoma oplhalmobium, Diesing (1850), Kiichenmeis- 

 ter ; Distoma lentis, von Ammon ; Distonui oculi 

 humani, von Ammon (1833), Gescheidt ; Dicrocalium 

 lanceolatum, Dujardin (1845), Weinland ; Dicrocce- 

 lium oculi humani, Weinland ; Fasciola hepatica, 

 Block (1782), Jordens (1802), Bosc; Fasciola lanceo- 

 lata, Rudolphi (1803), Moquin-Tandon; Fasciola 

 ocularis, Moquin-Tandon (1862) ; Festucaria lentis, 

 Moquin-Tandon (i860) ; Monostoma lentis, Nordmann 

 (1832), Gescheidt, Diesing; Planaria latiuscula, Goeze 

 ^1782). This is found in the gall-bladder, bile-ducts, 

 and intestine of sheep, cattle, llama, rabbit, hare, pig, 

 ass, horse, dog, cat, and man. In the last the 

 recorded cases are few and include in all probability 

 the trematodes of the eye described by Gescheidt, 

 von Ammon, and others. The larva, Cercaria longi- 

 caudata, is found in Helix carthusiana, Miiller, and 

 Planorbis marginatum, Draparnaud . Leuckart believed 

 Cercaria cystophora was the larval form of Distoma 

 lanceolatum. — Distoma lentis, von Ammon. See 

 Distoma lanceolatum, Mehlis. — Distoma lineare, 

 Rudolphi. See Syngamus trachealis, von Siebold. — 

 Distoma lineare, Zeder. This is found in the large 

 intestine of the domestic fowl ; rare. — Distoma mag- 

 num, Bassi (1875). Syn., Fasciola carnosa, Hassall 

 (July, 1 891) ; Fasciola americana, Hassall (Sept., 

 1891); Distoma texicanum (Oct., 1891). This para- 

 site occurs in Antilope picta, Bos taurus, Cervus aristo- 

 teles, Cervus canadensis, Cervus dama, Cervus elephas, 

 Cariacus (Cervus) Virginian us. It is abundant in 

 Western cattle. — Distoma musculi, Rudolphi. This 

 is found in the intestine of the house-mouse (Mus 

 musculus, Linne). — Distoma oculi humani, von 

 Ammon (1833) , Gescheidt. See Distoma lanceolatum, 

 Mehlis. — Distoma ophthalmobium, Diesing (1850). 

 See Distoma lanceolatum, Mehlis. — Distoma ova- 

 tum, Rudolphi. Possibly D. cuneatum is identical 

 with this species. This is found in the oviducts and 

 eggs of the domestic fowl, in the intestines of the 

 domestic goose, and in the bursa of Fabricius of nume- 

 rous young birds, including the fowl. — Distoma oxy- 

 cephalum, Rudolphi. See Distoma echinaturn, 

 Zeder. — Distoma pellucidum, von Linstow. See 

 Mesogonimus pellucidus, Neumann. — Distoma pul- 

 monale, Baelz (1883). See Distoma ringeri, Cob- 

 bold (1880). — Distoma rathouisi, Poirier. This 

 was found in the liver of a Chinaman at the mission 

 of Zi-kawei, named after Pere Rathouis, and at first 

 sight resembles in size and general form Fasciola 

 hepatica, Linne. — Distoma ringeri, Cobbold and 

 Man son (1880). Syn., Distoma pulmonale, Baelz 

 (1883). This is found in the human lungs in the 

 mountainous regions of Formosa, Corea, and Japan, 

 producing a parasitic hemoptysis, the treatment of 

 which has thus far been unsuccessful. — Distoma 

 sinense, Cobbold (1875). Syn., Distoma spathula- 

 tum, Leuckart (1876) ; Distoma hepatis endemicum 

 sett pemiciosum, Baelz (1883) ; Distoma hepatis 

 innocuum, Baelz (1883) ; Distoma japonicum, Blan- 

 chard (1886); Distoma endemicum, Ijima. It is held 

 by Moniez as not unlikely that the Distoma conjunc- 

 tum of Cobbold belongs here. It is found in the 

 liver, biliary ducts, and intestine of man and the cat in 

 Japan, especially in the region of Okayama. — Disto- 

 ma spathulatum, Leuckart (1876). See Distoma 

 sinense, Cobbold (1875). — Distoma spiculator, 



