PARASITES 



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PARASITES 



— Macaw Fly, Macaco Worm, Macaw Worm. 

 See Dermatobia noxialis, Goudet. — Macellaria ho- 

 minivorax, Macquart. See Lucili'a macellaria, Robin- 

 eau-Desvoidy. — Macrogaster platypus, Miescher. 

 See Demodex folliculorum, Owen. — Madenwurm. 

 See Oxyuris vermicularis, Bremser. — Mange-mites. 

 See under genera Chorioptes, Demodex, Psoroptes, 

 Sarcoptes, Symbiotes. — Mastdarmbremse, Ger. See 

 Gastrophilus hcemorrhoidalis , Linne. — Massuri. See 

 Amphisloma collinsii, Cobbold. — Mastigodes hom- 

 inis, Zeder (1803) ; Mastigodes siminae, Zeder 

 (1803) ; See Trichocephalus hominis, Schrank (1788). 

 — Maw-worm. See Oxyuris vermicularis, Bremser, 

 andAscaris lumbricoides,hmne. — Meal-beetle, Meal- 

 worm. See Tenebrio molitor, Linne. — Medicinal 

 Leech. See Hirudo medicinalis, Ray. — Medicin- 

 ischer Blutegel. See Hirudo medicinalis, Ray. — 

 Medina-worm ; Medinawurm, Ger. ; Medinen- 

 ischer Fadenwurm. See Dracunculus medinensis, 

 Cobbold. — Megastoma entericum, Grassi (1882). 

 See Megastoma intestinale, Blanchard. — Megastoma 

 intestinale, R. Blanchard (1885). Syn., Cercomonas 

 intestinalis , Lambl 1859 (nee 1875) > Lamblia in- 

 testinalis, Blanchard ; Hexamita duodenalis, Davaine ; 

 Dimorphus muris, Grassi(l879); Megastoma entericum, 

 Grassi (1882). This infusorian is found abundantly in 

 the duodenum and jejunum of rats and mice of various 

 species, especially in old individuals. It is fre- 

 quently transmitted to man by the excrement of rats or 

 mice becoming mixed with food-stuffs. — Megninia 

 asternalis, Megnin. Syn., Federmilbe der Tauben, 

 Ziirn. An acaridan found on domestic fowls. — Meg- 

 ninia cubitalis, Megnin. Found on the quill-feathers 

 of fowls. — Megninia ginglymura, Megnin. Found 

 on the turkey. — Megninia velata, Megnin. Found on 

 the domestic duck. — Mehlkafer. See Tenebrio molitor, 

 Linne. — Meloe proscarabeus, Linne. Syn., Ge- 

 meiner Oelkdfer. A beetle the larva of which is re- 

 ported as a facultative human parasite by Germar and 

 Otto. — Melontho sp. A beetle, the larva of which is 

 reported as a facultative parasite of man by Le Maout, 

 Depalse, and Robineau - Desvoidy. — Melophagus 

 ovinus, Latreille. Syn., Hippobosca ovina, Linne. 

 The Sheep-tick (a misleading name), a wingless fly, 

 spending its entire life on the sheep and multiplying 

 in its fleece. Menopon biseriatum, Piaget. Syn., 

 Liotheumox Menopon stramineum, Nitzsch, Verrill. A 

 louse of domestic fowls and turkeys. — Menopon ex- 

 traneum, Piaget. A louse found on the guinea-pig. 

 — Menopon giganteum, Denny. See Menopon 

 latum, Piaget. — Menopon latum, Piaget. Syn. 

 Menopon giganteum, Denny ; Liotheum giganteum, 

 Verrill. — An ectoparasite of the pigeon. — Menopon 

 numidae, Giebel. An ectoparasite of the guinea-fowl 

 [Numida meleagris, Linne). — Menopon olescuram, 

 Piaget. Found upon the domestic duck. — Menopon 

 pallidum, Nitzsch. Syn. , Liotheum pallidum, Nitzsch, 

 Verrill ; Pulex capi, Redi ; Nirmus trigonocephalus, 

 Olfers ; Pediculus gallina, Schrank, Linne. One of 

 the lice infesting domestic fowls. — Menopon phaeos- 

 tomum, Nitzsch. The Black-mouthed Menopon ; 

 one of the lice found upon peacocks. — Menopon 

 stramineum, Nitzsch. See Alenopon biseriatum, 

 Nitzsch. — Menschenfloh. See Pulex irritants, 

 Linne. — Mermis albicans, von Siebold (1857). 

 Found in the honey-bee {Apis mellifica, Linne) and in 

 many other insects. Hess (1887) describes a species of 

 Gordius as parasitic in the bee. — Mermis blattae 

 orientalis, Diesing. This is found in the abdomen 

 of the cockroach [Periplaneta orientalis, Linne). 

 Mesocestoides litteratus, Vaillant. See Tcenia 

 litterati, Batsch. — Mesogonimus commutatus, 



Sonsino. Syn. , Distoma commutatum, Diesing. A 

 trematode found in the intestine of the common 

 fowl and turkey. — Mesogonimus pellucidus, Neu- 

 mann. Syn., Distoma pellucidum, von Linstovv A 

 trematode found in the esophagus of the domestic 

 fowl. — Metastrongylus longevaginatus, Molin 

 (1861); See Slrongylus longevaginatus, Diesing 

 (1851). — Meteoric Fly. See Hydrotaa meteorica, Da- 

 vaine. — Miana Bug ; Mianawanze, Ger. See Argas 

 persicus, Fischer. — Microsporidia. Syn., Microbe de 

 la pebrine ; Bacterium ovatum, Lebert ; Bacillus 

 pasteurianus, Hansen ; Micrococcus ovatus ; M. pas- 

 teurianus, Nosema bombycis, Nageli ; Panhystophyton 

 ovatus, Lebert ; Pleospora herbarum ; Cmialia's Cor- 

 puscles ; Cornalian Bodies ; Corpuscles de L 'ornalia ; 

 Comalia'scae Korperchen, Corpuscles des vers d 

 Soie ; Corpuscles piriformes, Granulins, Pasteur ; 

 Psorospermies des Insects (Balbiani) ; Micrococcus of 

 pebrine, Micrococcus der Fleckenkrankheit . A group 

 of Psorosperms or Sporozoans first discovered by Ley- 

 dig (1853) in an hemipterous insect [Coccus hesperi- 

 dum, Linne, the scale-louse of the orange and olean- 

 der). They were afterwards found in various arthro- 

 pods, spiders, bees, Crustacea [Daphnia recti rostris). 

 Munk found them in A scar is mystax (Bischoff 

 mistaking them for seminal corpuscles). Vlaco- 

 vitch found them in the reptile [Coluber carbon- 

 arius) and the cricket [Grillus campestris), and 

 Lebert and Frey in a beetle [Emus oleus). Cor- 

 nalia, Filippi, Ciccone, Vittdini, Pasteur, etc., found 

 them in the silkworms suffering from pebrine ; 

 here they were at first held to be the nucleoli of 

 broken-down blood-corpuscles (Charannes), or hffima- 

 tozoa (Guerin-Meneville). While Nageli believed 

 them to belong to the Schizomycetes, and Lebert to the 

 unicellular algce, Hallier designated them as the 

 stylospores of a mushroom [Pleospora herbarum). 

 Pasteur finally adopted the idea that they belonged to 

 the so-called " organites." Balbiani was the first to 

 prove the truth of Leydig's supposition and to settle 

 their sporozoan nature. The Microsporidia have with- 

 in recent years been found in many insects {Bom- 

 byx mori, Sattumia pernyi, Bombyx neustria, Li parts 

 chrysorrhcea, Tenebrio molitor), the larvpe of flies, of 

 ants, etc., etc. — Miescheria muris, R. Blanchard 

 (1885). Utriculiform psorosperms found in the volun- 

 tary muscles of mice by F. Miescher, of Basle, in 1S45. 

 The involuntary muscles remained free from the para- 

 sites. — Miescher's, or Miescherian Sacs, Tubes, 

 or Utricles ; Miescher'sche Schlauche. 

 Sarcocysiis miescheri, Ray Lankester. — Monas 

 anatis, Davaine. See Monocercomonas anatis, Da- 

 vaine. — Monas canis, Davaine. See Mono 

 nas canis, Davaine. — Monas caviae, Davaiw 

 Alonocercomonas cavia?, Davaine. — Monas crepuscu- 

 lum, Ehrenberg, Muller. A doubtful spei 

 served in the white substance between tin 

 by Steinberg — Monas elongata, Dujardin ; Monas 

 globulus, Dujardin. Found by Steinberg in tl 

 human mouth. — Monas lens. See L/eteromyia 

 Muller. — Monieziaalba (Perroncito, 1879), R. Klan 

 chard (1891). Syn., Tenia alba, Perroncito 

 Moniezia alba, var. dubia Monies, 1891. A pai 

 of sheep and cattle. — Moniezia benedeni (Moi 

 1879), R. Blanchard (1891). Syn., T<cni 

 Moniez, 1879; Tenia denticulata. Neumann, 

 This is found in the intestines of domestic sh 

 cattle. — Moniezia denticulata (Rudolphi, 18] 

 Blanchard (1891). Syn., Tenia denticulata, Rudol- 

 phi, 1810; Tienia denticolata, Perroncito 

 Alyselminthus denticulatus, Blainville (1853). A 

 site of domestic cattle. Moniezia expansa (Ku- 



