PARASITES 



1010 



PARASITES 



SCLEROSTOMA TETRA- 



c an t h A, Diesing; 

 encysted. (After 

 Leuckart.) 



aneurysmal dilatations, in which the larvae remain for 

 a time, finally making their way into the large intes- 

 tine of the host, where they become sexually mature. 

 Hayem found parasites in the trachea of ducks which 

 he assigned to this species. They more likely belong 

 to Syngamus bronchialis, Miihleg. — Sclerostoma 

 clathratum, Baird. See Strongylus clathratus (Baird), 

 Cobbold.— Sclerostoma dentatum. See QLsophagos- 

 toma dentalum, Rudolphi. — Sclerostoma duodenale, 

 Cobbold. See Dochmius duodenalis, Leuckart. — 

 Sclerostoma equinum, Blainville. See Sclerostoma 

 armata, Dujardin. — Sclerostoma hypostoma, Du- 

 jardin. Syn., Strongylus hypostomus, Rudolphi, Brem- 

 ser, Creplin, Diesing. Common in the large intestine 

 of the sheep and goat. Probably ingested, in the water 

 drunk, as embryos. Dujardin 

 includes here the Strongylus 

 ammonis, Rudolphi. — Scler- 

 ostoma pinguicula, Verrill. 

 See Stephanurus dentatus, Die- 

 sing. — Sclerostoma quadri- 

 dentatum, Dujardin. See 

 Sclerostoma tetracantha, Die- 

 sing. — Sclerostoma sipun- 

 culiforme, Baird, Cobbold. 

 Found in the large intestine of 

 the Indian elephant. — Scler- 

 ostoma struthionis, Horst. 

 Found in the cecum and intes- 

 tine of the ostrich. — Scleros- 

 toma syngamus, Diesing. 

 See Syngamus trachealis. Siebold. — Sclerostoma 

 tetracantha, Diesing (1851). Syn., Proles stron- 

 gyli armati, Rudolphi (1808); Strongylus tetracanthus, 

 Mehlis (1831) ; Sclerostoma quadridentatum, Dujardin 

 (1845); Nematoideum equi caballi, Diesing (1851); 

 Cyathostomum tetracanthum, Molin (i860) ; Trich- 

 onema arcuata, Cobbold ( 1 874-5). Found between 

 the mucous membrane of the cecum and colon of the 

 various members of the horse-tribe, producing tumors, 

 hemorrhagic enteritis, and sometimes, fatal colic. 

 Sclerostoma tracheale, Diesing. See Syngamus 

 trachealis, von Siebold. — Scolex decipiens, Diesing. 

 See Cysticercus tanics microstoma, Dujardin. — Screw- 

 worm. See Lucilia macellaria, Robineau-Desvoidy. 

 — Scrub-tick, a formidable acarine parasite of horses, 

 dogs, and man in the scrub of Australia. Species 

 unidentified. — Seat-worm. See Oxyuris vermicularis, 

 Bremser. — Senegal'scher Blutegel. See Hirudo 

 mysomelas. — Senegal Tick. See Ixodes algeriensis, 

 Megnin. — Seroot. See Pangonia. — Serpent des 

 rognons des loups, Jean de Clamoyan (1570). See 

 Eustrongylus gigas, Diesing (185 1). — Seta, Aldro- 

 vandi (1605). See Gordius aquaticus, Dujardin 

 (184.2). — Sheep Bot-fly. See CEstrus ovis, Linne. 

 — Sheep-bug. See Argas tholozani, Laboulbene and 

 Megnin. Sheep-tick. See Melophagus ovinus, Lat- 

 reille. — Short-nosed Louse. See Hczmatopinus 

 eurvsternus, Burmeister. — Simondsia paradoxa, 

 Cobbold (1834). See Tropidocera paradoxa, Cob- 

 bold. — Simonea folliculorum, Gervais. See Demo- 

 dex folliculorum, Owen. — Simonee, Simonide, Fr. 

 See Demodex folliculorum, Owen. — Simulium 

 boreale, one of the gnat-like flies so troublesome to 

 the reindeer and cattle in Lapland. — Simulium 

 cinereum, Meigen. Grav Si in n Hum. Common in 

 the wooded regions of England and France, attacking 

 horses and producing within their ears a veritable 

 psoriasis guttata, — Simulium columbacschensis, 

 Fabricius. Syn., Simulium macu/a/a, Meigen. Ko- 

 lumbaczer Miicke. A true pest in Central and 

 Southern Europe in April and May, and again in 



August ; it is especially abundant about the Servia: 

 town, Kolumbacz, or Gollabatz, on the right bank o! 

 the Danube, where the peasants believe these flies t 

 come from a neighboring cave in which St. George i 

 said to have killed the dragon. Cattle and shei 

 from their bites are considered poisonous. — Simuliun 

 indicum, a form common and troublesome in .Wan; 

 where it is called Peepsa. — Simulium maculaturr 

 Meigen. See Simulium columbacschensis, Fabricius. - 

 Simulium meridionale, the Turkey-gnat. A specie 

 found in the Southern U. S. attacking fowls, and e« 

 pecially turkeys, about the head and eyes, often d« 

 stroying them in numbers. — Simulium molestum 

 a species common in the mountainous regions of th 

 Eastern United States, and very troublesome to ma 

 and beast. — Simulium pecuarium, Buffalo-fly 

 Buffalo-gnat. Very injurious by its bite to cattle am 

 horses in the Southern and Western United States 

 — Simulium reptans, Linne. Syn., Gemeine Krit 

 belmiicke. Common in wooded regions throughou 

 Europe, attacking horses and cattle, especially in th 

 nostrils. — Small Biting Fly. See Stomoxys cala 

 trans, Geoffroy.— -Small Blinding Breeze-fly. Se 

 Chrysops ccecutiens, Linne, Meigen. — Small Ran 

 Breeze-fly. See Hematopota pluvialis, M 

 Solium (Syriac, Schuschl-2, the tapeworm, ] 

 "chains" ; Arab., susl or sosl ; Middle Age writers 

 solium, Krehl). The name applied by Andry to 

 species of tenia, " parce qu'il est toujours seul d 

 son espece dans les corps ou il se trouve," hence th 

 term " Ver solitaire," afterward improperly applio 

 to this worm. The tooth-bearing Ttcnia soliw 

 often occurs in groups. Andry's parasite was i 

 reality the modern Tcsnia saginata, Goeze.- 

 Somomyia montevidensis, Bigot. See Lucih 

 macellaria, Robineau-Desvoidy. Speckkafer. 5 

 Dermestes lardarius, Linne. — Speckled Leech. Se 

 Hirudo medicinalis, Ray. — Sphaerogyna ventricosc 

 Moniez. An acaridan normally parasitic upon th 

 larvae of various insects, but at times troublesome t 

 laborers in the wheat-fields of Europe and x\merica.- 

 Sphodrus leucopthalmus, Clairville. A I 

 beetle common in cellars. The larva is rep 

 parasitic by Paykull. — Spiroptera cincinnata. En 

 lani. See Spiroptera reticulata, Creplin. — Spiropter l 

 hamulosa, Diesing. Syn., Chilospirura hamttla 

 Diesing. Found on the mucous surface of the gi 1 

 zard in the domestic fowl in Brazil by Nal 

 Spiroptera hominis (Rudolphi), Owen, Dujardi 

 See Filaria piscium (Rudolphi), Siebold, Schneidi 

 — Spiroptera inflata, Mehlis, Creplin (1840). ; 

 Tropidocerca inflata, Diesing (1861), and Tropiditi 

 paradoxa, Diesing. — Spiroptera leporum, 

 Found beneath the gastric mucous membrane ol t 

 rabbit and hare. — Spiroptera megastoma, K 

 Syn., Filaria megastoma, Diesing. Forms tumors 

 the gastric mucous membrane of the horse and 

 — Spiroptera microstoma, Schneider. Found in 

 stomach of horses and asses. — Spiroptera murin 

 Leuckart. See Filaria obtusa, Schneider. — Spiro) 

 tera nasuta, Rudolphi. See Disparagus 

 Rudolphi. — Spiroptera obtusa, Rudolphi. See/ 

 laria obtusa, Schneider. — Spiroptera quadrialat 

 Molin. Found in the stomach of the hou 

 (A/us musculus, Linne). — Spiroptera ratti, Diesin 

 This was found in the urinary bladder of tl 

 rat (A/us rattus, Linne). — Spiroptera reticulat 

 Creplin. Syn., Spiroptera cincinnata, Krcol 

 Onchocerca reticulata, Diesing ; Filaria cih 

 Perroncito; Filaria lienalis (sick Stiles. 1 

 the collateral artery of the cannon and in th 

 adjoining the cervical ligaments, also in the co 



