PARASITES 



1021 



PARASPHENOID 



copsylla penetrans, West wood. — Turicatas. See 

 turicata, Duges. — Turkey - gnat. See 

 Simulium meridionale . — Tylenchus contorta, 

 Kiihn. Syn., Trichina contorta, Botkin. An 

 occasional parasite of man. — Tyroglyphus echino- 

 pus, Fumouze et Robin. See Capophagus echinopus, 

 Megnin. — Tyroglyphus mericourti, Laboulbene. 

 A singular mite with enormous palpi, found on man 

 by Le Roy de Mericourt. — Tyroglyphus siro, Lat- 

 reille (iSoo). Syn., Acariis dysenterue, Linne. Com- 

 mon in flour, cheese, etc. Reported as the cause of 

 gastric catarrh in a person who preferred cheese con- 

 taining these mites. Cases of diarrhea due to them 

 are also recorded. Burke also describes, under the 

 name of Stomatitis pustulosa acarosa, an affection of 

 horses caused by eating bran containing these mites. 

 —Unarmed Tenia of Man, Unbewaffneter 

 Bandwurm des Menschen. See Tenia saginata, 

 Goeze. — Uncinaria balsami, Parona and Grassi. 

 See Uncinaria trigonocephali, Rudolphi. — Uncinaria 

 cernua, Creplin. Syn., Monodontus wedli, Molin. 

 Found in the small intestine of the domestic sheep. — ■ 

 Uncinaria duodenalis, Railliet (1885). See Doch- 

 mius duodenalis, Leuckart (1876). — Uncinaria radi- 

 ata, Rudolphi. Syn., Strongylus radiatus, Rudolphi ; 

 Strongylus venulosus, Rudolphi. Found in the intes- 

 tine and duodenum of cattle and goats. — Uncinaria 

 stenocephala, Railliet. Syn., Ankylostomum steno- 

 cephalurn ; Dochmius stenocephalus. Found in dogs, 

 along with Uncinaria trigonocephalus ; it appears to 

 play as active a part as its congener in the develop- 

 ment of anemia in packs of sporting-dogs (Neumann). 

 — Uncinaria trigonocephala, Rudolphi. Syn., 

 Ankylostomum trigonocephalum, Rudolphi ; Anky- 

 lostomum tubuforme , Zeder ; Dochmius trigonoceph- 

 alus, Rudolphi ; Dochmius balsami, Parona ; Uncina- 

 ria vulpis, Frohlich ; Strongylus vulpis, Zeder. Found 

 in the small intestine of the dog and cat, producing a 

 not uncommon anemia known as " Pernicious Anemia 

 of Packs of Hounds," attended with bleeding at the 

 nose, edematous and indolent engorgement of the 

 limbs, persistent diarrhea, loss of appetite, and emacia- 

 tion. Greatest care as to cleanliness of kennels and 

 food, and thymol as a vermicide are recommended. 

 This parasite also gives rise to a pernicious anemia of 

 cats, prevalent in Italy. — Uncinaria vulpis, Frohlich. 

 See Uncinaria trigonocephala, Rudolphi (Neumann). 

 — Ungarische Blutegel. See Hirudo medicinalis, 

 Ray. — Ura. See Dermatobia noxialis, Goudot. — 

 Utricules of Miescher. See Sarcocystis miescheri, 

 R. Lankester. — Veine deMedine, Fr. ; Vena med- 

 inensis, Veloch (1674). See Dracunculus medi- 

 nensis, Lister. — Ver cutanee des marchais ; Ver 

 de Guinee dragonneau. See Dracunculus medinen- 

 sis, Cobbold. — Ver de farine. See Tenebrio molitor, 

 Linne. — Ver rhinaire, Chabert. See Linguatula 

 rhinaria, Railliet. — Ver solitaire, Andry. Applied 

 by Andry to his Solium, which was in reality Tenia 

 saginata, q. v. — Verme auricolare. Ital. See For- 

 ficula auricularia, Linne. — Vermes cucurbitini. 

 See Tenia saginata. Goeze. — Vermis cucurbita. 

 Plater. S^e Tenia solium, Linne. — Vermis medi- 

 nensis, Grundler (1740). See Dracunculus medi- 

 is, Cobbold. — Vers sortis des reins et de 

 l'urethre, Moublet. See Eustrongylus gigas, Bremser. 

 Vesicaria granulosa, Schrank. See Echinococcus 

 polymorphic. — Vibrio humana, Lizars (1843). See 

 Trichina spiralis, Owen (1843). — Viehbremse. See 

 G iftrophilus pecorum, Fabricius. — Vituli aquaticus, 

 Aldrovandi (1605). See Gordius aquaticus, Dujardin 

 (1842). — Vogelfloh. See Pulex avium, Taschen- 

 berg. — Wandlaus. See Cimex lectuaria, Linne. — 



Warble - fly. See Hypoderma bovis, Latreille. — 

 Warega Fly. See Musca sp. — Western Deer- 

 tick. See Dermacenior occidentalis , Linne. — Whip- 

 worm of Ruminants. See Tricocephalus affinis, 

 Rudolphi. White-footed Breeze-fly. See Taba- 

 nus aibipes, Fabricius. — Zanzara comune, Ital. See 

 Culex pipiens. — Zeylonischer Blutegel. See Ham- 

 adipsa ceylonica. — Zimb. See Glossina morsitans, 

 Westwood ; also Pangonia. 

 Parasitic (par-as-it'-ik ) [rrapaaircKoc, parasitic]. In 

 biology, of, or pertaining to, a parasite ; holding the 

 position of a parasite. In ornithology, applied to such 

 birds as deposit their eggs in the nests of other birds, 

 to which are left the duties of incubation and care of 

 the young (e. g. , the European cuckow, Cuculus cano- 

 rus, Linne, the American Cow Black-bird, Afolobrus 

 pecoris) ; also to such birds as obtain their food by sys- 

 tematically robbing other species (e.g., the Parasitic 

 Jaeger, Stercorarius parasiticus and the Bald Eagle, 

 Halitetus leucocephalus). P. Castration, sterility in 

 plant or animal induced by a parasite. P. Disease, 

 one due to the presence of parasites. P. Hemop- 

 tysis, hemoptysis associated with cough, due to the 

 presence of a trematode, or fluke, the Distoma ringeri 

 in the bronchial tubes. It is a disease of China, 

 Japan, and Formosa. See Parasites (Animal), Table 

 of. P. Male, applied to the male of certain inverte- 

 brates which lives upon, and is nourished by, the 

 female ; e. g. , the microscopic male of the crustacean 

 Lerncza, which becomes practically a spermatophore, 

 and the diminutive Turbellaria-WVe ciliated male of 

 the vermian Bonellia, which establishes itself upon 

 the sexual organs of the female. P. Plant, a plant 

 deriving its nourishment from another plant or from 

 another organism ; a bacterium. P. Twin, an autosite. 

 Parasiticide (par-as-if '-is id) [rrapa, beside; airoc, 

 food; ccedere, to kill]. Any substance destructive of 

 parasites. 

 Parasitism (par* -as-it-izm) [rrapa, beside; airoc, food]. 

 The relation which a parasite bears to its host ; infesta- 

 tion by parasites. 

 Parasitize (par* -as-it-tz) [rrapa, beside ; airoc, food]. 

 To infest ; the act of one organism becoming parasitic 

 within or upon another. 

 Parasitogenesis (par-as-it-o-jen' '-es-is) [rrapa, beside ; 

 airoc, food ; yeveaic, genesis]. I. The formation of 

 parasites. 2. A bodily condition favoring the develop- 

 ment of parasites. 

 Parasitogeny (par-as-it-of -en-e). Same as Parasito- 

 genesis. 

 Parasitoid (par'-as-it-oid) [rrapa , beside ; airoc, food ; 



eldoc, like]. Parasitic ; like a parasite. 

 Parasitologist (par-as-it-ol'-o-jist) [rrapa, beside; 

 airoc, food ; ?6yoc, science]. One versed in parasitol- 

 ogy- 

 Parasitology (par-as-it-ol' -o-je) [rrapa , beside ; airoc, 

 food ; /070c, science]. The science, or study, of 

 parasites. 

 Parasitosis (par-as-it-o'-sis) [rrapa, beside; airoc, 

 food ; voaoc, disease]. Any disease dependent upon 

 the presence of parasites. The development of a 

 parasitic disease. 

 Parasorbic Acid (par-as-or^-bik), C 6 H 8 Oj. An oily 

 liquid, of unpleasant odor, obtained in the production 

 of malic acid from the berries of the mountain-ash. 

 Paraspadia (par-as-pa f -de-ah) [rrapa, beside ; arraeiv, 

 to draw]. An opening of the urethra, usually con- 

 genital, on one side of the penis. 

 Parasphagis (par-as / -faj-is) [rrapa, beside ; a<j>ay^, 



throat]. The region about the throat. 

 Parasphenoid ( par-as-fe / -noid ) [rrapa, beside ; a&rn-, 

 wedge; eldoc, form]. In biology : (a) Located along- 



