PEDUXCLED 



1033 



PELLAGRIX 



Peeo 



anterior perforated space. P., Inferior Cerebellar, 

 one of the two bands of white matter passing up from 

 the oblongata, a continuation of the restiform bodies, 

 and connecting the medulla with the cerebellum. 

 It forms the lower lateral wall of the fourth ventri- 

 cle. P., Middle Cerebellar, one of the bands of 

 white matter joining the pons and the cerebellum. P., 

 Olivary, a band of fibers passing from the olivary 

 nucleus to the lemniscus and the tegmentum. P. 

 of the Pineal Gland, a delicate white band passing 

 forward from each side of the pineal gland along the 

 edge of the third ventricle. P., Posterior Cere- 

 bellar. Synonym of P., Inferior Cerebellar. P., 

 of the Spinal Cord, the inferior cerebellar peduncle. 

 P. Superior Cerebellar, one of the two bands of white 

 matter that pass from the cerebellum to the testes of 

 the corpora quadrigemina. P., Transverse. Syno- 

 nym of P., Middle Cerebellar. 

 Peduncled (pe' -dung-kid ) [pedunculus, a little foot]. 



Furnished with a peduncle ; pedunculate. 

 Peduncular {pe-dung' -ku-lar) \_pedunculus ; dim, of 



pes, foot]. Pertaining to a peduncle. 

 Pedunculate, Pedunculated (pe-dung / - ku-lat, pe- 

 dung f -ku-la-ted) [pedunculus, dim. of pes, foot]. 

 Having a peduncle ; stalked. 

 Pedunculus (pe-dung'-ku-lus). Same as Peduncle. 

 Peeling i pel'-ing) [pellis, skin]. A term applied to 



the process of desquamation, as in scarlet fever. 

 Peenash | pe'-nash) [E. Ind.]. The Eastern name for 

 'iviosis, produced by Lucilia macellaria. See Para- 

 imat) , Table of. 

 syne (pe-e-os'-in-e). Synonym of Therapeutics. 

 Peg [ME., pegge, a spike]. I. A pointed pin of wood, 

 metal, or other material. 2. A wooden leg. P. -leg, 

 a wooden leg of the simplest form. P. -teeth, a 

 name given by Hutchinson to the teeth of children 

 with hereditary syphilis, from the peg-like appearance 

 of the crowns. 

 Pegology [peg-ol'-o-je) {jrTjyij, fountain ; 'f.oyoc, sci- 

 ence]. The science of medicinal springs; balneol- 

 ogy. 

 Peinotherapy {pi-no-ther 1 '-ap-e) [~eiv a, hunger ; 6epa- 

 v, to heal]. The cure of disease by the depriva- 

 tion of food ; hunger-cure ; limotherapy. 

 Pelada {pel'-a-dah) [Fr.]. Alopecia of the scalp; 



also syphilitic alopecia. 

 Pelade {pel-ahd f )\Yx.\ A synonym of Alopecia areata 



\rea celsi. 

 Pelage {pel-ahf) [Fr.; rri/'/.a, the hair]. In biology, 

 the hairy system of the body as a whole. The hair, 

 wool, or fur of a mammal. 

 Pelagian | pel-a'-je-an) [-e/xiyoQ, the sea]. Inhabiting 



the deep sea. 

 Pelagic i pel-af-ik) [rre/a; ikoc, pertaining to the open 

 sea; from ire7.ayo$, the sea]. Inhabiting the high 

 seas, the deep or open ocean, as contrasted with 

 limnetic, or fresh-water inhabitants or the littoral ma- 

 rine fauna and flora. Cf. Allopelagic, Autopelagic, 

 Bathypelagic, Chimopelagic, Eupelagic, Xyctipelagic, 

 nipelagic, under Plankton. P. Fauna and 

 Flora, the animals and plants (passively floating or 

 actively swimming) which remain at the surface of the 

 sea and never leave it, or only for a short time descend 

 to a slight depth. Among such true pelagic asimals 

 are the Radiolaria, Peridinia, Noctiltica, Medusa, 

 Siphonophora, Ctenophora, Sagitta, Pteropoda, Heter- 

 opoda, a greater part of the Crustacea, the larvae of 

 Eckinodrrmata, of many Vermes, etc P. Tow-stuff, 

 the small organisms obtained by towing nets at sea. 

 Pelargonic Acid (pel-ar-gon'-i'k) \_7re/.af>y6c, a stork], 

 '-T^gOj. A monobasic crystalline acid obtained from 

 the essential oil of Pelargonium roseum and from 



other oils. It is employed in the flavoring of wines. 

 See Acid. 



Pelargonium [pel-ar-go'-ne-um) \Tze7xipy6c, a stork]. 

 A genus of the Pelargonice or stork's-bills, indigenous 

 in Africa and India and cultivated in Europe and 

 America. Several species have medicinal properties. 

 P. anceps is an emmenagogue. P. antidysenteri- 

 cum, is used in dysentery. P. roseum. the rose- 

 geranium, contains an oil from which pelargonic acid 

 is obtained. Unof. 



Pelican (pel'-ik-an) [vekaeav, to hew with an ax]. An 

 old variety of forceps, or key, for the extraction of 

 teeth. In chemistry, a glass vessel for continued dis- 

 tillation. 



Pelicology (pel-ik-ol'-o-Je) [*£u£, pelvis; Myos, 

 science] . The study of the pelvis and its proportions. 



Pelicometer (pel-ik-om' -et-er). Synonym of Pelvimeter. 



Pelidnephidrosis ( pel-id -nef -id - ro' -sis) [ — e ?.i6v6c , 

 livid; foMpw<T<c,ephidrosis]. Same as Me linephidrosis. 



Pelidnoma \pel-id-no* -mah). Synonym of Ecchymosis. 



Pelidnus (pel-id'-nus) [-e/.idvoc, livid]. A leaden- 

 colored condition of the skin . 



Pelioma (pel-e-o / -mah) [-e?Jwpa, a livid spot: //. , 

 Peliomata~\. A livid spot, as seen in peliosis. P. 

 typhosum. See Taches bleuatres. 



Peliosis (pel-e-o'-sis) [—t'/.tor, livid]. A livid condition 

 of the skin due to extravasation of blood. P. pemphi- 

 g'oides. See P. rheumatica. P. rheumatica, Purpura 

 rheumatica; an acute purpuric skin-disease, more com- 

 mon in persons from fifteen to thirty years old, and 

 characterized by the presence of non-elevated or 

 slightly elevated spots, from the size of a pin's head to 

 a lentil, of a deep-red color, which do not disappear 

 on pressure, and soon become dark-purple. They are 

 usually seen on the legs and feet, often clustered around 

 painful joints ; they are also found on the hands and 

 arms, and very rarely on the trunk and face. At times 

 erythematous or urticarial rashes [P. urticans) are 

 present on other parts of the body, and more rarely 

 vesication occurs (P. pemphigoides). P. senilis, the 

 minute hemorrhages into the skin seen in marantic 

 senile persons. P. urticans. See P. rheumatica. 



Pellada {pel-a'-dah). See Pelade. 



Pellagra { pel-a' -grak) [It., pelle, skin ; agra, rough; or 

 rrf'/'/.a, skin; a- y pa, seizure]. Ergotism, Lombardian 

 Leprosy, Lepra asturiensis ; an endemic trophoneurotic 

 skin disease occurring among the squalid and destitute, 

 due to chronic poisoning with diseased or fermented 

 maize, and affecting chiefly the cerebro- spinal and diges- 

 tive systems. It usually occurs in those between thirty 

 and fifty years of age. It always begins in spring, and 

 the lesion appears on the parts of the body exposed to 

 the air and light (face, neck, back of hands, and feet). 

 It consists of an intense, rapidly-extending erythema, 

 bright-red, livid or brown in color, with much swell- 

 ing, and causing violent burning or itching. The 

 spreading edge of the patches is much elevated and 

 generally darker than the central portion. There are 

 marked nervous and general symptoms, insanity, mrnia, 

 or melancholia being common. P. sine pellagra, 

 [L. , pellagra without pellagra]. Pellagra without 

 cutaneous eruption. 



Pellagracein (pel-a-gra / -se-in) [It. , pelle, skin ; agra, 

 rough; or ~D'/.a, skin ; ay pa, seizure]. A name given 

 by Lombroso to a poisonous substance found in de- 

 composed com-meal ; it is probably a mixture of pois- 

 onous ptomains, some of which induce narcosis 

 and paralysis; other symptoms are like those of nicotin- 

 poisoning. 



Pellagrin (pel f -a-grin) [It., pella, skin ; agra, rough ; 

 or -e/./.a, skin; ay pa, seizure]. One who is afflicted 

 with pellagra. 



