PHOSPHORETED 



1072 



PHOSPHOTAGE 



most common is the Bacterium phosphorescens(¥ischer) , 

 which occurs on the decomposing flesh of fishes, on 

 beef, or fat. The Photobacterium sarcophilum also 

 has the property of producing phosphorescence. See 

 Photogenic. 



Phosphoreted (fos'-for-et-ed) [(pua<p6por, phosphorus]. 

 Combined with phosphorus. 



Phosphorhidrosis [fos-for-hid-ro f -sis) [<p<og , light ; 

 (popecv, to bear; Mpwc, sweat]. Phosphorescent sweat. 

 A rare condition sometimes seen in the later stages of 

 pulmonary tuberculosis and in malaria. 



Phosphoric {fos-for'-ik) [0<uc, light ; <popoc, bearing]. 

 Pertaining to phosphorus. P. Acid. See Acids and 

 Stains, Table of. 



Phosphoridrosis {for-for-id-ro' -sis). See Phosphor- 

 hidrosis. 



Phosphorism (fos / - for- izm) [(puo<p6pog, phosphorus]. 

 Chronic phosphorus-poisoning. 



Phosphorized (fos'-for-izd) [^w<r^<5poc, phosphorus]. 

 Containing phosphorus. 



Phosphorogenic (fos-for-o-jen' -ik) [0w(70<5poc, phos- 

 phorus ; ytwav, to generate]. Producing phosphores- 

 cence, as certain rays of the spectrum. 



Phosphorous Acid (fos-for'-us). See Acid. 



Phosphoruria (fos-for-u' ' -re-ah)\_§uc$6poc, phosphorus ; 

 ovpov, urine]. Phosphorescence of the urine. Also, 

 urine containing an excess of phosphates. 



Phosphorus [fos / -for-us) \_<j>uc, light; <j>opelv, to bear]. 

 A non-metallic element, having a quantivalence of 

 3 or 5, and an atomic weight of 31. Symbol P. See 

 Elements, Table of. Phosphorus does not occur in the 

 free state, but is widely distributed in rocks, in fertile 

 soils, in animal and vegetable tissues, in urine and in 

 guano. The human body contains a large quantity of 

 calcium phosphate, in the form of complex organic 

 compounds. Phosphorus is an important constituent 

 of nervous tissue. In commerce it is prepared from 

 bone-ash, or from sombrerite, an impure calcium phos- 

 phate found in West Indian guano. Phosphorus may 

 be obtained in several allotropic forms. Ordinary 

 phosphorus is a yellowish-white, waxy solid, of a spe- 

 cific gravity of 1. 837. It melts at44-2° C, and boils 

 at 290 C. It is insoluble in water, soluble to a slight 

 extent in olive-oil and in ether, freely in carbon disul- 

 phid. Red or amorphous phosphorus is formed when 

 ordinary phosphorus is heated to 240 C. in an atmos- 

 phere free from oxygen ; also by the addition of a trace 

 of iodin at 200°C. It is a dark-red powder,having a spe- 

 cific gravity of 2. 1 1 , insoluble in carbon disulphid, non- 

 inflammable, non-luminous, non -poisonous. Metallic 

 rhombohedral phosphorus is an allotropic form produced 

 by heating phosphorus in a sealed tube with melted lead. 

 Its specific gravity is 2.34. Other modifications have 

 been described. Phosphorus combines with other ele- 

 ments to form phosphids, with hydrogen and oxygen to 

 form a series of acids, known chiefly through their salts. 

 Medicinally, phosphorus is used as an alterative in osteo- 

 malacia and in rickets. It is also employed in sexual im- 

 potence, in threatened cerebral degeneration, and in 

 neuralgia. Dose jfo to 5 ' 5 grain. Ordinary phosphorus 

 is exceedingly poisonous ; it causes a wide-spread fatty 

 degeneration, most marked in the liver. Vomiting is 

 one of the earliest symptoms, the material ejected being 

 generally luminous in the dark. Jaundice appears 

 usually within 36 hours, sometimes, however, much 

 later. The liver is at first enlarged, but subsequently 

 diminishes in size. Cerebral symptoms of an intense 

 type occur — wild delirium, convulsions, coma. Death 

 is generally due to failure of respiration and circulation. 

 The urine in phosphorus-poisoning is albuminous, con- 

 tains bile acids and pigments, and leucin and tyrosin. 

 The treatment of phosphorus-poisoning consists in the 



administration of emetics and purgatives and of the 

 antidote — copper sulphate or French oil of turpentine. 

 P., Amorphous. See Phosphorus. P., Baldwin's, 

 calcium nitrate. P., Black, a so-called allotropic 

 form of phosphorus described by Thenard. It is be- 

 lieved to consist of a phosphid of mercury or another 

 metal. P., Bolognian, P., Bononian, barium sul- 

 phate ignited with combustible substances such as 

 charcoal. P., Brand's, ordinary phosphorus, so- 

 named after its discoverer. P., Canton's, calcium sul- 

 phid. P., Elixir, spirit of phosphorus 210 c.c, oil 

 of anise 2 c.c, glycerin 550 c.c, aromatic elixir 

 q. s. P., English, ordinary phosphorus. P., Horn- 

 berg's, calcium chlorid. P., Kunkel's, ordinary phos- 

 phorus. P. -necrosis, a necrosis, chiefly of the jaw- 

 bone, which affects workmen exposed to the fumes of 

 phosphorus. P. oxychlorid, POCl 3 . A fuming 

 liquid of pungent odor. P. pentabromid, a yellow, 

 crystalline substance of pungent odor. P. penta- 

 chlorid, PC1 5 ; a white, crystalline, unstable powder, 

 with an unpleasant, pungent odor. P. pentafiuorid, 

 PF 5 ; a colorless irritant gas. P. pentasulphid, P.S- ; 

 an unstable crystalline compound. P. pentoxid, 

 P 2 5 ; a colorless, amorphous substance produced by 

 the combustion of oxygen. On account of its affinity 

 for water it is used as a desiccating agent. P., Red. 

 See under Phosphorus. P., Spt., phosphorus I*. 2 grams, 

 absolute alcohol q. s. ad 1000 c.c P., Thompson's 

 Solution of. Synonym of P. , Tinct. P. tribromid, 

 P. trichlorid, P. tri-iodid, PBr 3 , PC1 3 , PI 3 ; halogen 

 compounds of phosphorus ; the first two are pungent 

 liquids, the last a solid. Calcii hypophos- 

 phis, Ca 4 (P0 2 ) 3 . Dose gr. x-xxx. Calcii lacto- 

 phosphat., Syr., of the preceding 22, lactic acid 33, 

 orange-flower water 80, sugar 600, hydrochloric acid, 

 water of ammonia and water aa q. s. ad 1000 1 >ose 

 gj-^j. Calcii phosphas praecipitat., Caj(P0 4 )j. 

 Dose gr. ij-x. Ferri hypophosphis, Fe 2 (H 2 POj) g , 

 soluble in sodium citrate. Dose gr. v-x. Ferri, qui- 

 ninse et strychninse phosphat., Syr., phosphates ot 

 iron and quinin aa 133, strychnin 4, phosphoric acid 

 800, sugar 6000, distilled water q. s. ad 10,000 parts. 

 Dose 3J-1J. Hypophosphitum cum ferro, Syr., fer- 

 rous lactate IO, potass, citrate 10, syr. of hypophosphites 

 q. s. adiooo. Dose.^j-^j. Hypophosphitum, Syr., 

 calcium hypophosphite 45, potassium hypophosphite 

 15, sodium hypophosphite 15, dilute hypophosphorous 

 acid 2, sugar 500, spirit of lemon 5, water q. s. 

 Dose %)-%')• Phosphatum, Syr.,Comp., Parish's 

 Chemical Food, unof. , has in each 3J phosphate of 

 iron gr. ijss, phosphate of calcium gr. j. Dose .^j-ij. 

 Oleum phosphoratum, phosphorated oil, contains 

 phosphorus 1 , stronger ether 8, expressed oil of almond 

 q. s. ad 100. Dose mj-v. P., PH., each contains gt, 

 T ^ 7 of the drug. Dose j-v. P., Tinct. (Bell 

 Hosp.), unof., contains phosphorus gr. xxxij, absolute 

 alcohol ,^xlvj, essence of vanilla %), oil of orange-peel, 

 3 iij, alcohol q. s. ad 3 xlviij. Dose n\x-^j. P., 

 Tinct. (Thompson's), unof., contains phosphor 

 j, absolute alcohol 3[v, glycerin gjss, spt. p< 

 mint Tt\xl. Dose n\xx~3J. Potassii hypophos- 

 phis, KHjPO,. Dose gr. v-x. Sodii hypophos- 

 phis, NalI 2 P0 2 H 2 0. Dose gr. v-x. Sodii phos- 

 phas, Na,HP0 4 .l2lI,0. Dose Jfj-gj. Soda 

 pyrophosphas, Na 4 P,0..ioH.,0. Dose ^ss 

 Zinci phosphidum, Zn.,P 2 , soluble in hydroch 

 acid, irritant and poisonous. Dose gr. ^V-sV 

 Phosphotage {fos'-fo-tahj) [Fr.]. A method of im- 

 proving wines by adding dicalcic phosphate in 

 of gypsum, as in the process of "plastering." 1 his 

 does not increase the percentage of sulphuric acid nor 

 decrease that of phosphoric acid. 



