PHVSIOGNOMONIC 



1080 



PHYSOSTIGMA 



Physiognomonic (fiz- e - og-no -mon'-ik). Same as 

 Physiognomic. 



Physiognomonics ( fiz -e-og- no- mon'- iks ) [fy'uoie, 

 nature; yvufiT], knowledge]. The science of physi- 

 ognomy. 



Physiognomy (fiz-e-og' -no-me) [yvoL<;, nature ; yvuprj, 

 knowledge]. I. The art of reading character by a 

 study of the face. 2. The countenance itself. 



Physiogony [fiz - e - og'- o - tie) [yvGiq, nature ; yovij, 

 generation]. The production of nature. 



Physiologic, Physiological (fiz-e-o-loj' '-ih, fiz-e-o-loj' '- 

 ik-al) [tyvoic, nature ; /Wyoc, science]. Pertaining to 

 physiology ; pertaining to natural or normal processes, 

 as opposed to those that are pathologic. P. Antidote, 

 an antidote that neutralizes not by its chemic power, 

 but through its effects on the system. P. Excavation, 

 the funnel-shaped depression at the center of the optic 

 papilla, at the bottom of which the retinal vessels en- 

 ter ; it varies in size and form, but always has sloping 

 walls, which distinguish it from a pathologic excava- 

 tion, exhibiting vertical or overhanging walls. P. 

 Selection. See Evolution. P. Units of Herbert 

 Spencer, in biology, hypothetic, complex, protean 

 units, intermediate between chemic units and morpho- 

 logic units or cells. They are supposed to possess a 

 polarity or aptitude to aggregate in the form of the 

 particular species of organism to which they belong, 

 just as the molecules of a salt possess the intrinsic apti- 

 tude to crystallize in a particular way. The entire 

 body is supposed to be composed of these units, mak- 

 ing regeneration of lost parts possible, while the germ- 

 cells are supposed to contain small groups of them, 

 giving each germ-cell the power of reproducing the 

 whole. The theory is one of epigenesis. See id, 

 idant, idioplasm , plasome, microsomata, heredity, epi- 

 genesis, pangenesis , etc. 



Physiologism (fiz-e-ol'-o-jizm) [$bcic, nature; Myoc, 

 science]. The abuse of physiology. 



Physiologist (fiz - e - ol' - - jist) [_<j>vot<;, nature; 16ypr, 

 science]. One who is expert in physiology. 



Physiology (fiz- e- ol'-o-je) \$vaiq, nature; Myog, 

 science]. The science that treats of the functions of 

 organic beings, as distinguished from morphology, 

 etiology, etc. P., Animal, the physiology of ani- 

 mals. P., Cellular, the physiology of cells. P., 

 Comparative, the comparative study of the physiol- 

 ogy of different animals and of animals and plants. 

 P., Morbid, the study of diseased functions or of 

 functions modified by disease. P., Pathogenetic, 

 P., Pathologic, pathology. P., Special, the physiol- 

 ogy of special organs. P., Vegetable, the physiology 

 of plants. 



Physiolysis (fiz-e-ol'-is-is) [$>voi<;, nature ; aveiv, to 

 dissolve]. The disintegration of dead tissue by the 

 natural processes of decomposition. 



Physiomedicalism (fiz-e-o - med'- ik - al- izm) [tyvcig, 

 nature; medicari, to heal]. The professed use of 

 natural remedies only, poisons and minerals being 

 rejected. 



Physiomedicalist (fiz-e-o-med'-ih-al-ist)[<f>vaig, nature; 

 medicari, to heal]. One who professes physiomedic- 

 alism. 



Physionomy (fiz-e-on'-o-me) [Qvmc, nature ; v6fioc, 

 law]. The science of the laws of nature. 



Physiophilosophy (fiz' -e-o fil-os' -o-fe). Synonym of 

 Physics. 



Physiophyly (fiz-e-off'-il-e) [<pvmg, nature; <j>v?uov, a 

 tribe]. In biology, the tribal history or paleontologic 

 evolution of function, without reference to form. 



Physique (fiz-ik') [Fr.]. Physical structure or or- 

 ganization. 



Physocele (fi'-so-sll) [$voa, air; W//I77, tumor]. A 



swelling or tumor containing air or flatus ; emphysema 

 of the scrotum; a hernia filled with flatus. 



Physocelia (fi-so-se' -le-ah) . Synonym of Tytnpanites. 



Physocephalus (fi-so-sef'-al-us) [yvaa, air; ki 

 head] . Emphysematous swelling of the head. 



Physocolic (fi-so-kol' -ik) [owra, air; ku'/aki], colic]. 

 Colic caused by flatus. 



Physode (fi'-sod) [cpvmyi;, a bladder]. In biology, 

 the name applied by Crato to minute, refractive, 

 bladder-like formations, found gliding about within 

 the watery fluid in the lamellar systems of certain 

 vegetable cells. In the brown Alga the physodes 

 contain substances analogous to phenol. 



Physodin (fi' '- so-din) \_physodes, from (jivaa, air; (jn 

 a bladder]. A substance found by Gerding associated 

 with Ceratophyllin, in the lichen Parmelia ceratophylla 

 var. physodes, Ach. 



Physodyspnea (fi'-so-disp-ne'-ah) \jpvaa, air; ovg-, dif 

 ficult ; nveeiv, to breathe]. Dyspnea due to emphy- 

 sema. 



Physohematometra (fi' -so-hem' -at-o-me' -trah) [own, 

 air ; a}/na, blood ; p'/~pa, uterus]. An accumulation of 

 gas, or air, and blood in the uterus, as in decomposi- 

 tion of retained menses, or placental tissue. 



Physohydrometra (fi' -so-hi' -dro-nie' -trah) [(plan, air ; 

 vtiup, water; fiijrpa, womb]. An accumulation of 

 gas and water in the uterus. 



Physology (fi-sol' -o-je) [$voa, air; 7.6yoq, science]. 

 The study of flatulence. 



Physometer (fi-som'-et-er) [tyvoa, air; jjtrpov, a 

 measure]. An instrument for determining variations 

 in the volume of a confined body of air. 



Physometra (fi-so-me' -trah) [tyvoa, air; p.i/rpa, womb]. 

 A distention of the womb with gas, produced by the 

 decomposition of its contents. 



Physomycetes (fi-so-mi-se'-tez) [6vaa, bellows ; fi'viun;, 

 fungus]. A class of Fungi characterized by a total 

 absence of hymenium. 



Physoncus (fi-song'-kus) \_fyvoa, air; bynoc, tumor]. 

 A swelling due to the presence of air. 



Physoscheocele (fi-sos'-ke-o-sel) [tyvaa, air; bax em > 

 scrotum ; K.i]\ri, tumor]. Emphysema of the scrotum. 



Physospasmus (fi-so-spaz' -mus)\jpvaa, air, flatus ; airda- 

 [i6q, spasm]. Elatulent colic. 



Physosterin (fi - sos'-ter- in) [$vaa, bellows; ariap, 

 fat]. An inert fatty or cholesterin-like substance oc- 

 curring in the Calabar bean. 



Physostigma (fi-sos-tig'-mah) [<j>voa, bellows ; ai 

 stigma]. Calabar Bean, Ordeal Nut. The seed of 

 P. venenosum, native of West Africa. The properties 

 of the drug depend upon two alkaloids, physostigmin 

 or eserin, C ]5 H 21 N 3 2 , which paralyzes the motor func- 

 tions of the spinal cord and stimulates muscle-fiber, ani! 

 calabarin, which acts similarly to strychnin. Locally 

 applied to the eye, physostigmin causes contract; 

 the pupil and diminishes intraocular tension. On ac- 

 count of its action on muscles it causes increasi 

 istaltic movements of the intestines. In toxic d 

 death is produced by failure of respiration. Its ther 

 apeutic uses are : In diseases of the eye, as in 

 coma, in iritis, to contract the pupil, and. alien 

 with atropin, to break up adhesions after iritis ; i" 

 convulsive diseases, as tetanus and strychnin j 

 ing ; in constipation from atony of the intestines ; 1:1 

 bronchitis and dyspnea, from weakness ol the 

 chial muscles. It is also used as an antidote to 

 pin and to strychnin. For poisoning, give an 

 emetic and inject atropin. P., Ext., Alcoholic. 

 Dose gr. ]/(,-). P., Injectio, Hypodermica 

 10 grains of the extract in ]/ 2 ounce. 

 Tnjij-xij. P., Tinct., 15 percent, in strength 

 rtvv-xx. Eserina (Physostigmina, B. ; 



