PINNATION 



1104 



PISCICULTURE 



a lobe]. In biology, having several alternating 

 rounded lobes and sinuses on each side of the midrib. 



Pinnation (pin-a'-s/iun) \_pinna, feather]. In biology, 

 the state or condition of being constructed in a pinnate 

 manner. 



Pinnatipartite (pin-at-ip-ar'-tit) [pinna, a feather ; 

 partiri, to divide]. In biology, pinnately parted; 

 having the divisions reaching almost to the midrib. 



Pinnatiped (pin-af -ip-ed) [pinna, a feather ; pes, 

 foot]. In biology, pin-footed or flipper-footed; lobi- 

 ped. 



Pinnatisect (pin-af '-is-ekt) [pinna, a. feather; secare, 

 to cut]. In biology, divided down to the midrib. 



Pinnatulate {pin - at' - u - la?) [dim. of pennatus, 

 feathered]. In biology, bearing secondary pinnations 

 or subdivisions. 



Pinniform ( pin' -iform)[ pinna, feather ; forma, form]. 

 In biology, resembling a feather, wing or flipper. 



Pinnigrade (pin'-ig-rad) [pinna, feather; gradi, to 

 walk]. In biology, moving by means of fins. 



Pinninerved (pin' -in-ervd) [pinna, feather; nervum, 

 nerve]. Same as Penninerved. 



Pinniped (pin' -ip-ed) [pinna, feather, fin ; pes (pedis), 

 foot]. In biology, having feet like fins or flippers. 



Pinnitarsal (pin-it-ar' -sal) [pinna, feather; tarsus, 

 tarsus]. In biology, having pinnate feet. 



Pinnitentaculate (pin - it - en - tak'- u - lai) [ pinna, a 

 feather; tentaculum, a tentacle]. In biology, having 

 pinnate tentacles. 



Pinnula (pin'-u-lah) [L., a little plume : pi., Pinnula]. 

 In biology, a small or secondary pinna. 



Pinnule (pin'-ul) [pinnula, a little plume]. In biol- 

 ogy, a small or secondary pinna ; a pinnula, as a small 

 pin or one of the ultimate divisions of a bipinnate or 

 tripinnate leaf. 



Pins and Needles. The popular name for those ab- 

 normal sensations of tingling experienced by patients 

 in various diseased conditions of the nervous system, 

 or after an injury of a nerve. 



Pint (pint) [Fr. pinte, a spot]. The eighth part of a 

 gallon. Octarius. Symbol O. 



Pinta Disease [Sp. "painted"]. Spotted Sickness ; a 

 tropical, contagious disease, due to a fungus, that pro- 

 duces various discolorations of the skin. The spots 

 are scaly, very variable in color, shape, number, and 

 size, and the disease appears to be allied in its charac- 

 ters to tinea versicolor. It usually begins on uncov- 

 ered parts such as the face and extremities, but may 

 affect the scalp or other parts of the body. The color 

 of the patches is black, grayish-blue, red, or dull- 

 white. The disease is very chronic. 



Pinus (pi'-nus). See Pix. 



Pioscope (pi'-o-skop) [tvIuv, fat; aiconeiv, to see]. A 

 variety of galactoscope. 



Piotrowski's Reaction. The " biuret-reaction " for 

 proteids, developed by the addition of a few drops of 

 dilute cupric sulphate and the subsequent addition of 

 an excess of caustic potash or soda. It gives a reddish- 

 violet color like that given by the substance biuret, a 

 derivative of urea. The color deepens on boiling. 

 Pip [ME., pippe, pip]. A disease of fowls, character- 

 ized by a secretion of thick mucus in the throat and 

 mouth. 

 Piper (pi' -per) [L.]. Pepper; Black Pepper. The 

 unripe fruit of P. nigrum, shriveled and dried. The 

 plant is a native of the East Indies and contains an oleo- 

 resin, an alkaloid, and a volatile oil. It is stimulant to 

 the stomach, and irritant to the skin and is used mainly 

 to correct flatulence, and locally for hemorrhoids. 

 Dose gr. v-xx. P. aethiopicum, the guinea corn 

 (Habzelia athiopica). P. album. See Pepper, White. 

 P. angustifolium. See Matico. P. anisatum, a 



species of Piper substituted for cubebs. P. betel. 

 See Betel. P. clusii, the Ashanti-pepper of West 

 Africa. P., Confectio. (B. P.) Dose 55 j — ij . P. cu- 

 beba. SeeCubeb. P. jaborandi, Baillon's name for 

 a species of Piper yielding jaborandi. P. longum, an 

 East Indian plant, no longer employed in medicine, 

 but infused in milk as a poison for flies. P. methys- 

 ticum. See Kava-kava. P. nigrum. See Pepper, 

 Black. P., Oleo-resina, contains the volatile oil. 

 Dose TTL^-j. P. umbellatum, one of the sources of 

 the Brazilian Caapeba, or Periparola, which is also 

 obtained from Cissampelos caapeba. 



Piperazin (pi-per-a'-zin), C 3 H 10 N 2 . Diethylene dia- 

 «nin ; a crystalline solid melting at IO4 C, and boiling 

 at I45-I4o°C. It is reported to be a powerful solvent 

 of uric acid, and its dilute solution is prescribed in 

 cases of urinary lithiasis. Dose gr. v-viij. Unof. 



Piperic (pi-per'-ik) [piper, pepper]. Pertaining to, or 

 containing pepper. P. Acid, C 12 H 10 O 4 , a monobasic 

 acid obtained by boiling piperin with alcoholic potash 

 in the presence of hydrochloric acid. 



Piperidin (pi-per'-id-in) [piper, pepper], C 5 H n N. A 

 substance that occurs attached to piperic acid as piperin 

 in pepper. It is artificially prepared by reducing 

 pyridin. It is an alkaline liquid that dissolves quite 

 easily in water and alcohol. Its odor is like that of 

 pepper. It boils at 106 C. 



Piperin (pi'-per-in) [piperina ; piper, pepper], C ]7 H 19 - 

 N0 3 . The alkaloid of pepper (Piper nigrum and 

 other varieties). It is artificially produced by the 

 action of piperic acid chlorid upon piperidin. It crys- 

 tallizes in prisms and melts at 128 C. Its medical 

 virtues are those of black pepper ; it has also febri- 

 fuge properties. Dose gr. j-x. 



Piperinal (pip-er-in'-al). See Piperonal. 



Piperitious (pip-er-ish'-us) [piper, pepper]. Peppery; 

 having a pungent taste. 



Piperoid (pip'-er-oid) [ir'mept, pepper; eldor, like]. 

 Any resin resembling the oleo-resin of pepper. 



Piperonal (pip-er-o'-nal) [piper, pepper], C 8 H fi 3 . 

 Heliotropin ; the flavoring principle of heliotrope; 

 a crystalline body, obtained by oxidizing piperic acid. 

 It dissolves with difficulty in water, melts at 37 

 and boils at 263 C. It is largely used in perfumery, 

 and is also antipyretic and antiseptic. Dose gr. xv. 

 Unof. 



Pipet, Pipette (pip-et') [Fr., dim. of pipe]. A glass 

 tube open at both ends, but usually drawn out to a 

 smaller size at one end. It may be graduated or not 

 and it may or may not have a central expanded bulb. 

 It is used for transferring small portions of a liquid 

 from one vessel to another. 



Pipmenthol ( pip-men' -tkol) [piper, pepper; mentha, 

 mint]. A name for the menthol obtained from pep- 

 permint. 



Pipsissewa (pip-sis' -e-wah). See Chimaphila. 



Piptonychia ( pip-to-nik' -e-ah) [mnreiv, to fall ; fivuf, a 

 nail]. Shedding of the nails. 



Pique (pek) [pique, a point]. See Sarcopsylla pene- 

 trans under Parasites (Animal), Table of. 



Piqure (pik-Br') [Fr.]. Puncture. 



Piriform (pir'-if-orm). Synonym of Pyrifbmt. 



Pirogoffs Operation. A method of amputation at 

 the ankle in which the greater part of the calcaneum 

 is retained to give length and surface to the stump. 

 See Operations, Table of. 



Piscatology ( pis-kat-ol' -o-je) [piscis, fish ; 7 

 ence]. The scientific study of fishes. 



Piscicolous (pis-ik'-o-lus) [piscis, fish; colere,\o in 

 habit]. In biology, parasitic upon fishes. 



Pisciculture (pis' -ik-ul-chilr) [piscis, a fish ; cultura, 

 care]. The artificial breeding and culture of fish, es- 



