PRIMIPARITY 



1180 



PROAL 



Primiparity [pri-mip-ar'-it-e) [primus, first; par ere, 

 to bear]. The condition of being a primipara. 



Primiparous (pri-mip' '-ar-us) [primus, first; parere, 

 to bear]. Bearing a child, or being in labor for the 

 first time. 



Primisternate (pri-misder'-nat) [ primus , first ; crep- 

 vov, sternum]. The manubrium of the sternum. 



Primitiae (pri-misk'-e-e) [primus, first]. The part of 

 the liquor amnii discharged before the extrusion of 

 the fetus at birth. 



Primitive {prim' dt-iv) [primus, first]. First-formed ; 

 original. P. Chorion. See Chorion. P. Groove, the 

 enlargement and deepening of the primitive streak. 

 See P. Streak. P. Streak, a streak appearing at the 

 end of the germinal disc, and indicating the first 

 trace of the embryo. It represents, according to 

 many, the concrescence of the lips of the blastopore. 

 P. Trace. See P. Streak. 



Primordial (pri-mor'-de-al) [primordium, origin, be- 

 ginnings : pi. , Primordia~\. In biology, existing in the 

 beginning, first-formed, primitive, original, of the sim- 

 plest character. P. Cell, a term applied to a cell 

 of the simplest character, one which does not possess 

 a cell-wall. P. Cranium, the membranous skull of 

 the embryo. P. Kidney, the Wolffian body. P. 

 Ova, cells lying among the germ-epithelium of the 

 surface of the embryonic ovary. P. Utricle, a term 

 applied to the outer layer of the protoplasm, which is 

 somewhat denser than the rest, and is immediately 

 applied to the cell-wall. 



Primordium (pri-mor'-de-um) [primus, first; ordiri, 

 to begin : pi. , Primordial. In biology, any structure 

 or organ in its earliest condition. Same as Proton. 



Primula (prim'-udah) [primulus, dim. of primus, 

 first]. Primrose, a genus of the Primulacece. P. 

 odorata, P. officinalis, lady's-fingers, bedlom (or 

 common) cowslip, is mildly diuretic. Unof. 



Primum movens [L.]. The starting point of change; 

 the site of the earliest lesion. 



Prince's Method of Resuscitation. In suspended 

 animation, especially from ether or chloroform narcosis, 

 Prince recommends that the person be suspended by 

 the flexed knees from the shoulders of the operator, 

 and that in this hanging position he be carried about 

 the room on a trot. Artificial respiration may be per- 

 formed while the patient is thus suspended. 



Princeps (prin'-seps) [L.]. First, original. P. cer- 

 vicis, a branch of the occipital artery ; it supplies the 

 trapezius muscle. P. pollicis, a branch of the radial 

 artery, going to the palmar surface of the thumb. See 

 Arteries, Table of. 



Princess Water. A famous cosmetic used in Vienna, 

 said to prevent sunburn and remove freckles. There 

 are two formulae, one with and the other without any 

 metal. These are : — 



i. Talc. Venet. et magnes. carb, a&, . . grms. 15 



Tr. benz. et aq. colon., && grms. 5 



Aq. rosae, grms. 300. 



2 Bismuth magist grms. 10 



Talc. Venet grms. 20 



Aq. rosae, grms. 70 



Spt. colon., grms. 3. 



Principle (prin'- si -pi) [principium\ Element, es- 

 sence, or primary quality of a body. P., Immediate, 

 the components of an organized tissue as it exists 

 functionally in the living tissue. P., Mediate, the 

 chemical compounds and simple bodies into which the 

 immediate principles are decomposed. P., Proxi- 

 mate. See Proximate. P., Ultimate, any one of the 

 elements which a compound body contains. 



Prinos (pri'-nos) [L.]. Black Alder; the bark of P. 

 vercillatus, astringent and tonic. It is used in inter- 



mittent fever, diarrhea, and, locally, in cutaneous 

 diseases. Dose^ss-j; of a decoction ^j-ij. Unof. 



Prio.noid (pri'-o-noid) [irpiuv, saw ; ddog, like]. Saw- 

 shaped. 



Prior (pri'-or) [L.]. Former; previous. P. annu- 

 laris, the dorsal interosseous muscle, inserted in! 

 ring-finger. P. medii, the dorsal interosseous muscle 

 inserted into the middle finger, on its ulnar side. 



Prisis (pri'-sis) [irpi^eiv, to saw]. Synonym of 

 p hining. 



Prism (prizm) [prisma; irpigeiv, to saw]. " A solid 

 whose bases or ends are any similar, equal, and par- 

 allel plane polygons and whose sides are parallelo- 

 grams." (Cent. Diet.) Made of glass, it is used for 

 refracting the sun's rays and forming a spectrum, and 

 to make prismatic lenses. Prismatic- lenses refract the 

 light toward the base of the prism. Their chief use 

 in ophthalmology is in cases of unbalance of the ex- 

 ternal ocular muscles. P., Amice, one consisting of 

 a triangular prism of heavy flint-glass wedged in be- 

 tween two triangular prisms of crown-glass, the apical 

 edges of the crown-glass prisms pointing toward 

 the base of the flint-glass prism, i. e., the apical 

 edges of the crown and flint-glass prisms point in 

 opposite directions. The flint-glass gives the dis 

 persion or separation into colors, while the crown- 

 glass makes the emergent rays approximately parallel 

 with the incident rays, so that one looks directly 

 into the prism along the axis of the microscope. P.- 

 diopter, P. -dioptre, or P.-dioptry, a standard of 

 prismatic refractive power consisting in a prism that 

 deflects a ray of light one centimeter on a tangent plane 

 situated at a distance of one meter. Ps., Enamel, 

 the irregular columns of from four to six sides compos- 

 ing the enamel of teeth, closely packed together and 

 generally vertical to the surface of the underlying den 

 tine. P., Nicol, one consisting of two somewhat 

 elongated rhombs of Iceland spar cut obliquely and 

 cemented together with Canada balsam. These are 

 mounted in such a way that the light passes through 

 them lengthwise, and in passing is divided into two 

 rays of plane polarized light. 



Prismatic (priz-mat'-ik) [Trpiaiia{r), a prism]. Prism- 

 shaped ; having three or more angles bounding flat 

 sides. P. Colors, colors developed by the refracting 

 action of a prism. P. Spectrum. See Spectrum. 



Prismenchyma (priz-men'-kim-a/i) [~f>io,ua, prism; 

 eyxvu-a, infusion]. Tissue composed of prismatic cells. 



Prismoid (priz'-moid) [irpiafia, prism; ri(W, like]. 

 Resembling a prism. P., Liquid, of J. Thompson, 

 the " refracting watery liquid in the entrant corner 

 between the lip of the eyelid and the cornea." P-. 

 Watery. Synonym of P. , Liquid. 



Prismoidal (priz-moi'-dal) [Trpiofia, prism; eldoc, 

 form]. In biology, applied to elongated bodi 

 the joints of an insect's antennte, when resembling a 

 prism. 



Prismometer {priz-mom' -et-er) [rrpiafia, prism ; <• 

 measure]. An instrument for measuring the 1 

 tive power of prisms. 



Prisoptometer \priz-op-tom' -et-er) [rrpiafia, prism 

 eye ; fierpov, measure]. An instrument for estimating 

 ametropia by means of two prisms placed b 



Pritchard's Method. See Stains, Tabi 



Privates, or Privities {pri'-vets, priS-it-lz) [/>> 

 private]. A vulgar term for the genital organs. 



Privy (priv' - e). Synonym of I Va tt r - closet. P-- 

 councillor's Muscle, Von Ziemssen's name lor tl 

 levator menti muscle. See Muscles, '/aide of. P- 

 midden. Same as Midden. 



Proal {pro' -at) [Trpci, before]. Having a fo 

 direction or movement. Cf. Palinal and Prep.ihnal. 



