PROMONTORY 



1188 



PROPARAPTERON 



vessel. P. testiformes, the testes of the corpora 

 quadrigemina. 



Promontory (prom'- on- tor-e) \_pro, before; rnons, 

 mountain]. An elevation or prominence. P. of the 

 Sacrum, the prominence formed by the angle between 

 the upper extremity of the sacrum and the last lumbar 

 vertebra. P. of the Tympanum, the prominence 

 formed by the first turn of the cochlea. 



Promorph (pro'-morf) [jrpo, before ; fioptyrj, form]. In 

 biology, a primitive or fundamental form-type. 



Promorphologist (pro-mor-fol'-o-jist) \np6, before ; 

 fiopiprj, form; Aoyoc, science]. One versed in pro- 

 morphology. 



Promorphology (pro-mor-fol' '-o-je)\_iTp6, before ; popfyr], 

 form ; Aoyoc, science]. In biology, organic morphol- 

 ogy as related to a few fundamental types of structure. 

 The treatment of organic form from a mathematic 

 or geometric basis. 



Promuscidate (pro-mus' '-id at) \_ promuscis, a corrupt 

 form for proboscis] . Having the form of a promuscis. 



Promuscis (pro-mus' -is) [ promuscis, a corrupt form 

 for proboscis : pi. , Promuscides~\ . In biology, a probos- 

 cis, beak, or rostrum ; usually applied to insects. 



Promycele (pro-mi' '-sel) . Same as Promycelium. 



Promycelial (pro-mi-se'-le-al) [npo, before ; uvkt)c, a 

 fungus ; r/Aoe, an excrescence]. Pertaining to the pro- 

 mycelium. 



Promycelium (pro-mi-se' '-le-um) \jrpo, before; myce- 

 lium, from uinriq, a fungus; fjAog, an excrescence]. 

 In biology, a short mycelium formed from the oosperm 

 or resting spore in certain species of fungi ( Oomycetes, 

 Zygomycetes), and which dies after bearing a few 

 conidiospores. These conidiospores in turn propagate 

 new thalli, giving rise to a distinct alternation of 

 generations. 



Pronation (pro-na'-shun) [pronatio ; promts, bent 

 forward], i. The condition of being prone ; the 

 act of placing in the prone position. 2. Of the hand. 

 The turning of the palm downward. 



Pronator ( pro-no.' -tor) [pronare, to bend forward]. 

 That which pronates. A term applied to several 

 muscles. See Muscles, Table of. 



Pronaus (pro-noh'-us) [npo, before; vadc, temple]. 

 The vestibule of the vagina. 



Prone (pron) [ promts, prone]. With the palm di- 

 rected downward. Also, lying with the face down- 

 ward. The opposite is Supine. P. and Postural 

 Respiration, " Marshall Hall's Ready Method of 

 Artificial Respiration." See Respiration. 



Pronephric {pro-nef'-rik) \jrpo, before ; vetypoq, a kid- 

 ney]. In biology, of or pertaining to the pronephron, 

 or the primitive kidney. P. Duct, one of the four 

 fundamental parts of the vertebrate urogenital system ; 

 the Wolffian duct. Cf. Archinephric Duct, Miillerian 

 Duct. 



Pronephridium (pro-nefrid'-e-um) [npo, before; 

 vecfrpnr, kidney]. One of the canaliculi which in 

 lower orders of animals, especially the invertebrata, 

 act as excretory organs. 



Pronephron (pro-nef'-ron) [-po, before ; ve<ppoc, a kid- 

 ney : //., Pronephra\ In biology, " the first part of 

 the urogenital system to be differentiated in the verte- 

 brate embryo ; it is to be regarded as the phylogeneti- 

 cally oldest part. It is found in the embryos of (prob- 

 ably) all vertebrates, but disappears before adult life 

 in selachians, some teleosts, and all amniota. It is 

 always situated in the segments immediately behind 

 the heart, and is a paired organ with a longitudinal 

 duct, which finally opens into the cloaca." (Minot. ) 

 Cf. Head' kidney, Primitive Kidney, Qkenian Body, 

 Wolffian Body. 



Pronephros (pro-nef'-ros). Same as Pronephron. 



Proncea (pro-ne'-ah). Synonym of Prognosis. 



Pronotum (pro-no' -turn) \jrpo, before; vuroc, back: 

 pi., Pronota~\. The anterior of the three divisions of 

 the dorsal section of the prothorax of an arthropod. 



Pronuclear (pro-nu'-kle-ar) [pro, before; nucleus, 

 nucleus]. Pertaining to a pronucleus. 



Pronucleate (pro-nu'-kle-at) [pro, before; nucleus, 

 nucleus]. Having a pronu'cleus. 



Pronucleolus (pro-nu-kle' -o-lus) [pro, before ; nucleo- 

 lus, nucleolus]. A nucleolus of a pronucleus. 



Pronucleus (pro-nu' -kle-us) [pro, before ; nucleus, 

 nucleus : //., Pronuclei]. In biology, the name given 

 by Ed. van Beneden to one of the two nuclear ele- 

 ments of a newly fecundated ovum, the male and the 

 female pronucleus, the fusion (conjugation) of which re- 

 sults in the formation of the first embryonic nucleus. 

 The nucleus which appears within the ovum after the 

 formation of the polar bodies is the female pronucleus. 

 According to Hertwig, the head of the spermatozoid 

 is transformed directly into the male pronucleus, while 

 Salensky holds that it is first dissolved and provokes 

 secondarily the formation of the male pronucleus. P., 

 Segmentation, the nucleus of the germ. P., Sperm. 

 Synonym of P., Male. 



Proodontus (pro-o-don'-tus) [vpo, before ; oihvc, tooth]. 

 Lissauer's term for a skull in which the angle formed 

 between the radius fixus and the line joining the sub- 

 nasal and alveolar points is between 23 and 50 . 



Proof-spirit. See Spirit. 



Proosteon (pro-os'-te-on) [trpo, before ; boriov, bone]. 

 A bony process or prominence. 



Probstracal (pro-os' -trak-al) [np6, before; oarpaKov. 

 shell]. Pertaining to a proSstracum. 



Proostracum (pro-os'-trak-um) \_~p6, before; oarpaKov. 

 shell]. In biology, the projecting lamella of the thick 

 covering of the phragmacone of a cephalopod. 



Prootic (pro-o'-tik) [rrpo, before ; ovq, ear]. I. 1! 

 or in front of, the ear. 2. One of the otic bone-, 

 constant in the skulls of the lower vertebrata. 



Propagate (prop'-ag-dt) [propagare, to generate] 

 generate ; to multiply. 



Propagation ( prop-ag-a' -shun) [propagare, to gen- 

 erate]. Reproduction ; spreading, dissemination. P., 

 Arc of, a term given to that margin of the corneal 

 creeping ulcer of Saemisch which assumes the form ot 

 an elevated curve, and is more decidedly opaque or 

 yellow than the others. 



Propagatorium (prop-ag-al-o'-re um) [propagare, to 

 generate, increase: pi., Propagatoria~\. In biology. 

 the entire mechanism of reproduction. Cf. A 

 torium, Locomotorium, Sensorium. 



Propagule (pro-pog'-ul) \_propagare, to propagate]. 

 Same as Propagulum. 



Propagulum (pro-pag'-u-lum) \_propagare, to propa- 

 gate : pi. , Propagulo\ In biology, any structure, part , 

 or organ utilized in the asexual propagation of plants; 

 a stolon, offset, runner. 



Propalanin ( pro-pal' -an-in), C 4 H 9 N0 2 . Amidobutyric 

 acid. It crystallizes in little leaflets or needles, and i-< 

 very soluble in water. 



Propalinal (pro-pal'-in-ol) [~p6, before ; mi/./i'. 

 backward]. In biology, applied to the forward ami 

 backward movement of the jaws of certain animals. 



Propane ( pro' -pan), C,H H . A hydrocarbon of I 

 marsh-gas series. It is a constituent of petroleum. 



Proparapteral (pro-por-op'-ter-al) [np6, before : 

 beside; rrrepov, wing]. Pertaining to the pro; 

 teron. 



Proparapteron ( pro-pa r-ap'-ter-on) [xpo, b< 1 



beside; irrep6v, wing: //., Proporaptera]. In hi 

 ogy, the third sclerite of the propleuron of »n 

 arthropod. 



