PTERVGOMAXILLARY 



) . See Spheno- 

 [TTTepv? , wing ; 



wing ; -<>'>';, like ; maxilla, maxilla]. Pertaining to 

 a pterygoid process and the maxilla. P. Fissure, an 

 elongated tissure formed by the divergence of the 

 superior maxillary bone from the pterygoid process 

 of the sphenoid. It gives passage to branches of the 

 internal maxillary artery. P. Ligament, a liga- 

 mentous branch extending from the apex of the 

 internal pterygoid plate to the posterior end of the 

 internal oblique line of the lower jaw. 

 Pterygopalatal, Pterygopalatine ( ter-ig-o-pal' -at-al, 



«<r-i ; ;-o-pa! , -at-in). See Palatopterygoid. P. Artery, 

 ee Arteries, Table of. P. Canal, a canal formed 

 y the articulation of the pterygoid process of the 

 sphenoid bone, with the sphenoid process of the 

 palate bone and transmitting the pterygo-palatine 

 vessels and nerves. P. Nerve, a small nerve arising 

 from the back part of Meckel's ganglion and passing 

 through the pterygo-palatine canal to the mucous mem- 

 brane of the upper part of the pharynx, behind the 

 Eustachian tube. Also known as the pharyngeal nerve. 



Pterygo-pharyngeus ( ter-ig-o-far-in-je' '-us ) \_-repoi-, 

 wing; pdpv-,;, pharynx]. I. Synonym of Palato- 

 pharyngeus. 2. The part of the superior constrictor 

 of the pharynx which arises from the internal ptery- 

 goid plate. 

 , Pterygo-quadrate {ter-ig-o-kwod' '-rat) [Tr-spis!-, wing ; 

 quaJratus, quadrate]. Pertaining to the pterygoid 

 bone and to the quadrate bone. 



Pterygosphenoid {ter-ig-o-sfe* ' -nonl 

 ptery 



Pterygospinous (ter-ig-o-spi' -mes) 

 spinosus, spinous]. Pertaining to a pterygoid pro- 

 cess and to the spine of the sphenoid. 



Pterygo-staphylinus (ter-ig-o-staf-il-i'-nus) [ nrepuf, 

 wing; (7-</o/ //,, uvula ]. Same as Tensor palati. 



Pterygostium (ter-ig-os' -te-um) [-repi-;, wing ; ostium, 

 mouth]. One of the veins of an insect's wing. 



Pterygostomial (ter-ig-o-sto' -me-al) [Tcrepv^, wing ; 

 -Hi, mouth]. In biology, applied to the plate-like 

 extensions of the carapace running forward parallel 

 with the axis of the body in certain crustaceans. 

 , Pterygo-syndesmo-staphylo-pharyngeus {ter'-ig-o- 

 sin-dez' -mo-staf f -il-o-far-in-je / -us) . Synonym of Con- 

 strictor, Superior, of the Pharynx. 



Pterygote (ter f -ig-of) \jzTtpvyurr6c , winged]. Winged, 

 alate. 



Pterygo-temporal (ter-ig-o-tem f -po-ral) \jz-kpv~, wing ; 

 tempus, temple]. Pertaining to the pterygoid process 

 and to the temporal bone. 



Pterygotrabecular (ter - ig-o- tra-bek'-u-lar) [rrreptf , 

 wing; trabecula\ Pertaining to the pterygoid bone 

 and the trabecular region of the skull. 



Pteryla [ter'-il-ah\ \_Tvrep6v, feather, wing; t>/l^,wood: 

 | //., Pteryla]. In biology, a " feather tract," an area 

 of the skin on which feathers grow, as distinguished 

 from apteria, or tracts on which no feathers grow. 



Pterylographic {ter-il-o-graf -ik) \jm.p6v, feather ; 

 'v, to write]. Pertaining to pterylography. 



Pterylography (ter-il-og / -ra-fe) [-rtpoi>, feather ; ypa- 

 oeiv, to write]. In biology, the written description of 

 the arrangement of the feathers in the skin of birds. 



Pterylosis (ter-il-o'-sis) [pteryla, from irrepov, wing, 

 feather; v/.r/, wood]. In biology, the arrangement or 

 distribution of the feathers of a bird, as distinguished 

 from the character of the plumage, ptilosis. 



Ptiloma ti-lo'-mah) [-ri/.ov, down]. The part of the 

 eyelid deprived of its cilia bv ptilosis. 



Ptilosis iti-lo'-sis) [--i'/Mi; feather]. In biology, the 

 plumage or feathering of a bird regarded as to char- 

 acter rather than as to the distribution of the feathers, 

 for which see pterylosis. See also Madarosis. 



1209 



PTOSIS 



Ptisan (tiz'-an) \_-ricsdvij, peeled barley]. Barley- 

 water. Any decoction of barley designed as a medi- 

 cinal drink. 



Ptochiater [to / -ke-a-ter) [rr-o>joc, poor; larpoq, physi- 

 cian]. A physician who attends the poor. 



Ptochiatria Uo-ke-a'-tre-ah) [-rw^oc, a beggar ; larpia, 

 healing art]. Medical treatment of the poor. 



Ptochocomion [to-ko-ko' '-me-on) \_—tux<K, poor ; Kopelv, 

 to take care of]. A hospital for the care of the poor. 



Ptoma (to f -mah) [;rrw,ua]. Cadaver. 



Ptomain (to'-ma-in) [-r^ua, corpse] . Any one of the 

 active, inanimate septic or toxic substances result- 

 ing from processes of decomposition and disintegration 

 of albuminous materials. (Farquharson.) As pto- 

 mains are chiefly developed during putrefaction, they 

 have been termed putrefactive alkaloids. The name 

 cadaveric alkaloids has also been given to them, but 

 applies properly only to those obtained from the dead 

 animal body. Some of the ptomains are poisonous ; 

 the greater number are not. As a rule, each distinct- 

 ive ptomain is produced by a different microorganism, 

 but there are instances of several bacteria producing 

 the same ptomain. The dependence of a ptomain 

 upon microorganisms may be indirect and compli- 

 cated by or dependent upon purely chemic changes. 

 The kind of ptomain produced depends somewhat upon 

 the stage of putrefaction, as ptomains are " transition 

 products in the process of putrefaction. ' ' Their produc- 

 tion is also influenced by the media in which the bac- 

 teria grow. A ptomain that is formed by a certain 

 bacterium in one medium may not be produced by the 

 same bacterium in another medium. Ptomains have 

 been found in foods, as in mussels, oysters, eels, sau- 

 sage, ham. canned meats, cheese, milk, ice-cream, etc. 

 The pathogenic action of certain bacteria may be due 

 to their production of ptomains. In addition to the 

 ptomains given in the following table, a number of 

 unnamed substances have been studied that possess 

 reactions and physiologic effects similar or identical with 

 those of well-known vegetable alkaloids. These at pres- 

 ent can only be called after analogues, e.g. , Coniin- 

 like Substances ; others are called Atropin-like, 

 Delphinin-like, Digitalin-like, Morphin-like, 

 Nicotin-like, Strychnin-like, Veratrin-like, etc. 

 The table beginning on page 1 210 is modified from 

 Vaughan and Novy. 



Ptomainemia (to-ma-in-e'-me-ah)\K~uu.a, corpse; difia, 

 blood]. The presence of ptomains in the blood. 



Ptomainic [to'-ma-in-ik) [-ribua, corpse]. Due to or 

 associated with a ptomain. 



Ptomapeptone (to / -mah-pep / -ton) [rrrufia, a corpse; pep- 

 tone, from -zk-rziv, to cook, digest]. In biology, one 

 of the putrefactive alkaloids produced in cereals by 

 the action of ergot, molds, etc. 



Ptomatin [to 1 '-mat-in). Synonym of Ptomain. 



Ptomatopsia {to-mat-op/ -se-ah) \7x-u11a, corpse ; bfic, 

 view]. The examination of the cadaver ; necropsy. 



Ptomatropin {to-mat' -ro-pin). A ptomain resembling 

 the vegetable alkaloid atropin in its physiologic proper- 

 ties. That isolated by Zuelzer and Sonnenschein did 

 not give the odor of blossoms when heated with sul- 

 phuric acid and oxidizing agents (Reuss's test), but a 

 ptomatropin found by Selmi gave the reaction. 



Ptosis (to / -sis) [-rcxjig, ■k'i-xteiv, to fall]. Complete or 

 partial drooping of the upper eyelid, due to paralysis 

 of the levator palpebrse or to thickening of the lid. P. 

 iridis, hernia of the iris. P. oculi. Synonym of 

 Exophthalmos. P. palpebrae, P. palpebrarum. 

 See Ptosis. P. sympathica, ptosis in connection 

 with paresis of the cervical sympathetic and associated 

 with myosis and vasomotor paralysis of the side of the 

 face affected. 



