REDIA 



1244 



REFLEX 



Redia (re' -de -ah) \_Redi, an Italian naturalist: pi., 

 Redics~\. In biology, the larval stage of a trematode, 

 which results from the development of a partheno- 

 genetic egg of the first larval stage (Sporocyst). The 

 redice have at the anterior extremity of their body a 

 sucker-like formation, a pharynx, a simple intestinal 

 tube, and a birth-aperture. The first redia give rise 

 to a second and these to a third parthenogenetic gener- 

 ation and these finally to larvae called CercaricB, q. v. 



Redintegration (red-in-te-gra' '-shun) [redintegrare, to 

 renew]. I. Regeneration. In chemistry, the restora- 

 tion of any mixed substance to its former nature. 2. 

 The complete restitution or reforming of a part that 

 has been injured or destroyed. 



Redresser (re-dres' '-er) [Fr. , redresseur~\. An instru- 

 ment used to replace a displaced organ or part. 



Redressment (re-dres' -ment)\Yx. , redressement]. The 

 correction of a deformity, or replacement of a dislo- 

 cated part. 



Reds (redz) [ME., red, red]. Popular term for the 

 menses. 



Reduce (j-e-diis') \reducere,\o bring back]. To restore 

 a part to its normal topographic relations, as to 

 reduce a hernia or fracture. 



Reduced [re-dusd') [reducere, to lead back], i. Re- 

 stored to its proper place, as a dislocated bone. 2. 

 In chemistry, brought into the metallic form. 3. 

 Diminished in size. R. Eye. See Listing. R. 

 Hematin, the product of the reduction of hematin 

 in alkaline solution. R. Hemoglobin, the result of 

 deoxidation of oxyhemoglobin. R. Iron, iron by 

 hydrogen ; ferrum reductum. R. Oil. See Lubri- 

 cating Oils. 



Reducible (re-du f -sib-l) [OF., redusible~\. Capable of 

 being reduced. R. Circuit. See Circtiit. R. Her- 

 nia, a hernia capable of being reduced by manipula- 

 tion or posture. 



Reducing {re-dus f -ing) [reducere, to lead back] . Restor- 

 ing to the proper position. R. Division, a synonym 

 of the term , Extrusion of the polar bodies or globules. 



Reducteur (ra - duk> '- tier) [Fr.]. The India-rubber 

 bag of A. Favrot for replacing a retroverted gravid 

 uterus. It is introduced into the rectum and inflated. 



Reduction (ye-duk' -shun) \reductio ; reducei-e, to lead 

 back]. In surgery, the replacing a dislocated bone, 

 hernia, or other part in its normal position. In 

 chemistry, the operation of extracting a metal from 

 its salt or other combination. R., False, a false forc- 

 ing of a strangulated hernia through a rent in the neck 

 of the sac and beneath a portion of detached parietal 

 peritoneum. R. en masse, the reduction of a stran- 

 gulated hernia in its sac, thus failing to relieve the 

 strangulation. R., La Mothe's, a method of reducing 

 shoulder-dislocations by manipulation. The patient is 

 placed in the dorsal position, with the arm parallel to the 

 side of the head and face and the hand of the opera- 

 tor fixing the scapula. R., Thomas's, a method of 

 approximating and fixing the fragments of bone in case 

 of fracture of the inferior maxilla, by passing a wire 

 through them and twisting each end of it upon the other 

 until the fragments are brought together. R. -works, 

 a cremating establishment for disposing of the filth 

 and refuse matter of a city. 



Reductor {re-dukf -or) [L.]. 1. An instrument for 

 effecting reduction. 2. A retractor muscle. 



Reduplicate (rr-dn'-plik-al) [re, again ; duplicare, to 

 double]. In biology, double-back. Applied to that 

 form of valvate estivation in which the margins of the 

 organs are turned outward. 



Reduplication {re-du-plik-a' -shun) [L. , reduplicatio, a 

 doubling]. The doubling of the paroxysms in cer- 

 tain forms of intermittent fever. R. of the Heart- 



sounds, a simulated doubling of either the first or 

 second sound of the heart. In the case of the first 

 sound it is probably the effect of a shock caused at the 

 pre-systolic period by a sudden tension of the auriculo- 

 ventricular valves of the left side as a result of the 

 contraction of the auricle. In the case of the second 

 sound it is due to tension of the mitral leaflets occur- 

 ring in mitral stenosis during the auricular systole. R. 

 of the Muscles, a doubling of a muscle due to some 

 abnormal relation of its fasciculi. 



Reduplicative [re-du'-plik-a-tiv). Same as Reduplicate. 



Reduvia {red-u' '-ve-ah) . See Paronychia. 



Redux {re 1 ' -duks) [L.]. Noting the return of certain 

 physical signs after their disappearance in consequence 

 of disease. R., Crepitation. See Crepitation. R., 

 Crepitus, the small mucous rales of the early stage of 

 resolution after pneumonia. 



Reed (ra/)[D., riet, a reed]. Theabomasum, "fourth,' 

 or proper digestive stomach of ruminants. < : 

 masutn, omasum, many plies, psalterium, paunch. 



Reedy Nail ire'-de-ndl). A condition of the nail in 

 which the natural longitudinal striae become verv 

 marked, apparently from wasting of the intermediate 

 portions. The condition is regarded by Fothergill a- 

 a sign of gout. 



Reef-knot (ref / -not). A sailor's knot used in the 

 ligature of arteries. It is not likely to slip or loosen. 

 See Knot. 



Reel-foot {rel' -foot). Synonym of Club-foot. 



Reeling (je'-ling) [ME., relen, to turn round and 

 round]. Swaying of the body, as in intoxication. 



Reeves' Method. See Stains, Table of. 



Refining {re-fi '-ning) [Fr., rafftner, to refine]. In 

 chemistry and pharmacy, the separation of a sub- 

 from the foreign matter with which it is mixed. 



Reflected [re-flek' -ted) \_reflectere , to bend backward]. 

 Cast or thrown back. In anatomy, turned back upon 

 itself. R. Light. See Light. 



Reflection {re-Jlek' -shun) [reflexio, re, back ; f 

 to bend]. In optics, the bending or turning bao 

 ray of light from a surface that neither absorbs, ' 

 mits, nor scatters it. In pathology, the bending back 

 of an organ or part from its normal direction. 



Reflector [re-flek' '-tor) \reflectere, to bend back]. I. A 

 mirror or speculum by which light is reflected for u<e 

 in diagnostic or operative processes. 2. A muse 

 the function of which is to turn a part back. R. epi- 

 glottidis. See Depressor epiglottidis in Aft 

 Table of. R., Forehead. See Head-minor. 



Reflex {re f -fleks) [refexus, thrown back]. A boundin 

 back or return of an impulse or body. R. Arc, R. 

 Movement, the stimulus of an afferent nerve, and t 

 transference or return, by a center, of the impnl 

 through an efferent nerve, resulting in movement 

 function of a peripheral organ. Reflexes may be n 

 sensory, secretory, tactile or inhibitory. A 1 

 flexes is appended. R., Crossed. See Crossed. R. 

 Cutaneous, that arising from stimulation of the 

 R., Deep, the so-called tendon-reflex , such as the ki 

 jerk, ankle-clonus, etc. R. Epilepsy, epih 

 due to reflex influences, such as irritatioi 

 cicatrix, etc. ; genuine cases are rare. R. Neurosis. 

 See iVeurosis. R., Reinforced. See AV/ 

 R., Tendon, muscle reflex action ; myotatii 

 deep reflex. See, also, Clonus. R., Vestigial, I I 

 flex due to conditions, or to the environmi 

 affected one's ancestry, but which does no 

 subject of the reflex. R., Watered-silk, a 

 often existing in the retina of children, 

 pronounced along the vessels, changing it- 

 every movement of the mirror, and giving tl 

 luster somewhat like that of watered silk. 



