RETINOCHOROIDITIS 



1260 



RETRAHENT 



R. nephritica. See R. albuminiirica. R. nycta- 

 lopica, a diffuse, streaked opacity of the retina and 

 swelling of the disc, with central scotoma or color- 

 scotoma, and more or less marked amblyopia. It 

 indicates retro-bulbar neuritis. R. paralytica (of 

 Klein), retinitis caused by paralysis affecting the 

 optic nerve. R., Parenchymatous, a simple chronic 

 retinitis affecting the connective tissue of the retina. 

 R. pigmentosa, an affection involving all the 

 layers of the retina, and consisting in a slowly-pro- 

 gressing connective-tissue and pigment-cell prolifera- 

 tion of the entire membrane, with wasting of its 

 nerve-elements. The disease is most common in 

 males, is often hereditary, and begins at a very early 

 period of life, and may be congenital. Both eyes 

 are attacked simultaneously, though occasionally only 

 one suffers. R. postica, inflammation of the ectal 

 retinal layer. R., Proliferating, a development 

 of connective tissue in the retina, with the formation 

 of dense bluish-white masses within the retina, and 

 extending into the vitreous humor. R. punctata 

 albescens. Same as R. , Central Punctate, q. v. R., 

 Purulent, a form in which there are small circum- 

 scribed white spots near the papilla and in the macular 

 region. R., Renal. See R. albuminurica. R., 

 Septic. Same as R. , Purulent. R. serosa, a 

 form characterized by an infiltration, most marked in 

 the nerve-fiber and ganglionic layer of the retina, 

 creating opacity, edema, and hyperemia, most marked 

 in the veins. R., Simple Syphilitic, a form of 

 syphilitic retinitis in which the ophthalmoscope shows 

 a gray opacity surrounding the papilla, which is dis- 

 colored and cloudy, and the veins darker than normal. 

 R. simplex. Same as R. serosa, q. v. R., Solar, 

 retinal change from the effect of sunlight. R. sym- 

 pathetica, retinitis of sympathetic origin, and attended 

 with retinal hyperemia, redness of the disc, engorge- 

 ment of the veins, and great disturbance of vision. 

 R., Syphilitic, the form occurring in syphilis ; it is 

 chronic, diffuse, and a late manifestation of the sys- 

 temic disease. 



Retinochoroiditis {ret -in- o-ko- roi - di'- tis) [retina, 

 retina ; x®P l0v i tne chorion ; eldoc, like ; trig, in- 

 flammation]. Inflammation of the retina and cho- 

 roid. See Choroido-retinitis. 



Retinogen (ret'-in-o-Jen) [ retina, retina; yevvav, to 

 produce]. In biology, the ectal of the two layers com- 

 posing the ectoderm of the embryonic eye of arthro- 

 pods, the ental layer being called the gangliogen. 



Retinoid ( ret' -in-oid) [ pr)Tivrj, resin ; eldoc, form] . 

 Resin-like, or in the form of a resin. 



Retinol {ret'-in-ol) [prjrlvq, a resin], C 32 H 16 . Rosinol ; 

 a liquid hydrocarbon derived from the destructive 

 distillation of resin. It is employed in capsules for 

 blennorrhea. It is a good solvent for iodol, aristol, 

 camphor, etc. , and is antiseptic, tonic, and cicatrizant. 

 Dose TT\viij three or four times daily. Unof. 



Retinophora {ret-in-off ' -or-ah) [retina, retina ; (prpeiv, 

 bear: //., Retinophora ]. In biology, one of the 

 crystalline cone-cells of the arthropodan eye. The 

 retinophone are surrounded by pigment-cells. 



Retinoscopy {ret-in-os'-hopc) [retina, retina ; anonuv, 

 to observe]. A method of estimating the refraction 

 of the eye by observation of the movements of the 

 retinal images and shadows through the ophthalmo- 

 scopic mirror. The method has also been called, and 

 very properly, the Fundus-reJUx Test; other tenns 

 are: Keratoscopy, Pu/>illoscopy,(/wbrascopy, Skiascopy, 

 Koroscopy, etc. R., Phosphenic, a method of learn 

 ing the condition of the retina when the crystalline 

 lens is opaque. It consists in making slight pressure 

 on different regions of the closed eye; if the retina 



is healthy under the region pressed, a luminous circle 

 is seen by the patient on the side opposite to the point 

 of pressure. 

 Retinoskiascopy {ret-in-o-ski-as 1 '-ko-pe). See Retino- 

 scopy. 

 Retinula {ret-in' '-u-la/i) [dim. of retina, retina: pi. , 

 Retinulce]. In biology, an aggregation of retinal 

 cells ; that portion of the whole retina of the com- 

 pound eye which belongs to each of the single eyes, 

 as in the lateral eyes pi scorpions and Limulus, and 

 the eyes of Myriapoda. 

 Retinular {ret-in' '-u-lar) [retinula, a little retina]. In 



biology, of or pertaining to a retinula, q. v. 

 Retinulate { ret-in' -u-lat) [retinula, a little retina]. 



In biology, aggregated into retinula. 

 Retiped {re'-tip-ed) [rete, a net ; pes, foot]. Having 



netted tarsi ; said of certain birds. 

 Retort {re-tort') [retorquere, to bend back]. A vessel 

 employed in distillation, containing the liquid to be 

 distilled. 

 Retract {re-trakt') [re, back ; trahere, to draw]. To 



draw back ; to contract ; to shorten. 

 Retractile {re-trak'-lil) [retrahere., to draw back]. 

 That which may be drawn back. R. Carcinoma, 

 mammary carcinoma with retraction of the nipple. 

 Retractility {re-trak-til'-it-e) [retrahere, to draw back]. 

 I. Capable of retraction. 2. Of Pajot, a property of 

 the uterine tissue by virtue of which the uterus, having 

 been emptied of a part of its contents, becomes thicker- 

 walled, while its capacity and volume diminish. 

 Retraction {re-trak'-shun) [retractio, a drawing back]. 

 The shortening of a fractured limb from the broken 

 ends slipping past one another. R., Cicatricial, that 

 due to cicatrices. See Cicatricial Contraction. R., 

 Muscular, post-paralytic atrophy of a muscle. R. of 

 the Uterus, a chronic contraction of the uterus by 

 which it applies itself closely to its contents without 

 any change of contraction and relaxation. R.-ring. 

 See Bandl, Ring of. R., Spasmodic, irregular con- 

 traction of the uterus. 

 Retractor {re-trak' -tor) [retrahere, to draw back]. I. 

 An instrument for withdrawing the lips or edges of a 

 wound, or for pulling the soft parts away from the 

 place of incision in amputations. 2. A muscle that 

 retracts the organ into which it is inserted. R. an- 

 guli oris. See Buccinator Muscle, in Muscles, Table of. 

 R. bulbi, the retractor muscle of the eyeball present in 

 some animals. R.. Emmet's Perineal, a self-retain- 

 ing vaginal speculum. R., Eyelid, a metallic instru 

 ment used to hold the eyelids away from the eyeball 

 during an examination or operation. R., Minor's 

 Trachea, an instrument used as a substitute for trache- 

 otomy tubes, consisting in a hollow rod, slightly curved. 

 and holding a bent wire retractor by means of a 

 at each end. R. oculi. See R. bulbi. R., Pilcher's, 

 a small pair of blunt hooks on n .-ingle delicate 

 An instrument used in tracheotomy. R. urethra 

 or urethralis. See Bulbo-caTcmotts. R. uteri: (I) 

 the recto-uterini of both sides considered 

 of Luschka, a uterine fold. R., Rose's, an instru- 

 ment used to hold open a tracheotomy-wound ; 

 sists in a piece of steel wire bent to form a pair o 

 spring hooks. R., Wells's, two wires bent into 

 and tied in place about the neck by bands. It i> 

 advised for the purpose of keeping the wound open 

 after tracheotomy. 

 Retrad {re'-trad) [retro, backward]. In or 1 



the rear or posterior port. 

 Retrahens (rc'-trah-henz) [retrahere, to draw back] 

 Drawing back. R. Muscle. See Muscles, Ttit'le <>, 

 Retrahent {re'-trah-hent) [retrahens, drawing back]. 

 Drawing backward; retracting. 



